English: habitational name from Harlow (Essex) Harlow in Mayfield (Staffordshire) Great Harlow in Clapham (Yorkshire) Harlow Hill in Pannal (Yorkshire) or Harlow Hill in Ovingham (Northumberland). The Essex and Northumberland placenames probably derive from Old English here ‘army’ + hlāw ‘mound hill’. The other placenames probably derive from Old English hār ‘gray hoar’ + hlāw.
Source: Dictionary of American Family Names 2nd edition, 2022