Hajnówka (Belarusian: Гайнаўка, Hajnaŭka; Ukrainian: Гайнівка, Hainivka; Yiddish: האַדזשנאָװקאַ‎, Hachnovka) is a town and a powiat seat in north-eastern Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship) with 21,442 inhabitants (2014).[1] It is the capital of Hajnówka County. The town is also notable for its proximity to the Białowieża Forest, the biggest primaeval forest in Europe. Through Hajnówka flows the river Leśna Prawa (Belarusian: Лясная Правая). It is one of the centres of Orthodox faith and a notable centre of Belarusian culture in Poland. Belarusians comprised 26.4% of the town's population in 2002.

It is one of five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.

As a village, it was founded some time in the 16th century as a single house of a forest ward, by a certain Hajno, who was one of the royal officers protecting the Białowieża Forest. In 1589 whole forest became a private property of the royal court and the number of forest workers settled in the area started to grow. However, the forest protection (it was most probably the first forest reserve in the world) prevented the area from economical growth and so the village was limited to a number of wooden huts at the western end of the forest. It mostly shared the history of other similar settlements in the area, including Białowieża itself.

After the Partitions of Poland of late 18th century the area was annexed by Kingdom of Prussia in 1795. After the fall of the Duchy of Warsaw and the end of Napoleonic Wars it was annexed to Imperial Russia. The tsarist authorities abolished the forest protection, but the development of the area did not start. As most of the foresters, who worked in the forest, took part in the November Uprising of 1831 against Russia (500 out of 502 in total), their positions were abolished and the people were exiled to Siberia. The protection of the forest was affected. The village, as a matter of fact, ceased its existence. Protection was reintroduced in 1860 and the village was repopulated with Russian officials. In 1888 it became property of the tsarist family.

Between 1894 and 1906 the village was connected with the world by a railroad linking Bielsk Podlaski and Siedlce with Wołkowysk. Hajnówka became a minor transport junction and in 1900 a road was built between Białowieża and Bielsk Podlaski.

Хайнувка, Гайновка (польск. Hajnówka, белор. Гайнаўка ) — город в Польше, входит в Подляское воеводство, Хайнувский повят. Имеет статус городской гмины. Занимает площадь 21,29 км². Население — 22 091 человек (на 31.12.2011).

Город расположен на Бельской равнине, на западной оконечности Беловежской Пущи. Благодаря своему местоположению Хайнувку называют «ворота в Беловежскую Пущу».

Hajnówka (biał. Гайнаўка, Hajnaŭka[potrzebny przypis]) – miasto w Polsce w województwie podlaskim, siedziba władz powiatu hajnowskiego.

Według danych z 1 stycznia 2018 Hajnówka liczyła 20 919 mieszkańców