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English: patronymic from the Middle English personal name T(h)om(me) (see Thom ) + -son ‘son of Tom’. Thomson is usually the Scottish form that with the intrusive -p- being English. Both forms are common in Ireland. The surname Thompson is also very common among African Americans. Americanized form of Danish Norwegian and North German Thomsen and of its Swedish cognate Thomsson. Compare Thomson .
Source: Dictionary of American Family Names 2nd edition, 2022