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Chatterjee (sometimes Chatterji) (Bengali: চ্যাটার্জি Chêṭarji) is an Indian family name of a Bengali Brahmin caste; it is a variant of Chattopadhyay(a) (Bengali: চট্টোপাধ্যায় Chôṭṭopaddhae).
Chattopadhyay (compound of village name "Chaṭṭa" and "upādhyāya" denoting "priest, teacher" originally granted with the village named Chaṭṭa) is the Sanskritized form of the local Prakrit word "chaturjye", anglicized to Chatterjee.
The Chatterjee ancestors are from a hermit or saint called Kashyap Muni, and thus all Chatterjee's have the same Kashyap Gotra, which means they are from the same ancestral root.