Agnes von Bayern

• Agnes of Bavaria (1276–1345) was a daughter of Duke Louis II of Upper Bavaria (1229–1294) and his third wife, Matilda of Habsburg (1253–1304) -- an ancestor of Maria Theresa of Austria.
• Noble family, House of Wittelsbach, House of Hesse by marriage,House of Ascania by marriage.

Project MedLands, BAVARIA

OTTO von Bayern, son of LUDWIG I Duke of Bavaria, Pfalzgraf bei Rhein & his wife Ludmila of Bohemia (Kelheim 1206-Landshut 29 Nov 1253, bur Scheyern). The Genealogia Ottonis II Ducis Bavariæ names "Ottonem…palatinum comitem Rheni ducem Bawarie" as son of "Ludwicus dux Bawarie" and his wife Ludmilla[431]. Pfalzgraf bei Rhein 1228. He succeeded his father in 1231 as OTTO II "der Erlauchte" Duke of Bavaria. "Ludomia ducissa Bawarie" founded Kloster Seligenthal (near Landshut), with the consent of "filio meo Ottone…duce Bawarie et palatino comite Reni", for the souls of "maritorum meorum defunctorum…Ludewici ducis Bawarie et Adelberti comitis de Bogen" and "filiorum meorum…ducis et Adelberti comitis", by charter dated 1232[432]. He joined the Bohemian/Austrian alliance against Emperor Friedrich II in 1236 following imperial imposition of direct rule over Austria. Duke Otto and Wenzel I King of Bohemia withdrew from the diet at Eger in Jun 1239, resolving to elect an anti-King of Germany[433]. Duke Otto allied himself with Konrad IV King of Germany against Heinrich Raspe anti-King of Germany, confirmed by his daughter's marriage in Sep 1246 to the king, and withstood anti-King Heinrich's subsequent incursion into Bavaria[434]. He continued as an active supporter of King Konrad after the election of Willem II Count of Holland as anti-king, although he was prevented from participating in the conflicts of Mar 1251 by threats against Bavaria by Wenzel I King of Bohemia[435]. Duke Otto repulsed an attempted invasion of Bavaria by Siegfried Archbishop of Mainz whom he defeated at Nördlingen[436]. The necrology of Raitenhaslach records the death "III Kal Dec" of "Otto dux Bauarie"[437]. married (Worms May 1222) AGNES von Braunschweig, daughter of HEINRICH Herzog von Braunschweig, ex-Pfalzgraf bei Rhein & his first wife Agnes von Staufen ([1201]-16 Nov 1267, bur Scheyern). The Notæ Sancti Emeranni record the marriage of "Otto dux Bawarie" and "filiam Heinrici palatine Rheni"[438]. The Altahenses Annales name "Agnes ducissa Bawarie" when recording the birth of her son Ludwig[439]. The necrology of Raitenhaslach records the death "XVI Kal Dec" of "Agnes ducissa Bauarie"[440]. The necrology of Fürstenfeld records the death "XVI Kal Dec" of "Agnes ducissa mater fundatoris nostri"[441]. The necrology of Weltenburg records the death "XVI Kal Dec" of "Agnnes ducissa Wabarie"[442]. The necrology of Seligenthal records the death "XVI Kal Nov" of "Agnetis coma palatina Reni ducissa Bawarie"[443].

Duke Otto & his wife AGNES von Braunschweig had five children:

• 1. ELISABETH von Bayern (Landshut [1227]-9/10 Oct 1273, bur Kloster Stams). "Otto…Comes Palatini Reni Dux Bawarie" exchanged property with the abbot of Niederaltaich, naming "Ludovico filio nostro…et Heinrico fratre suo et sororibus suis Elysabet, Sophya et Agnete", by charter dated 17 Oct 1244[444]. The Altahenses Annales record the marriage in 1246 of "Chunradus filius Friderici imperatoris" and "Elysabeth filiam Ottonis ducis Bawarie"[445]. Konrad's marriage to "filiam ducis Bavariæ" is recorded by Matthew of Paris in 1248[446]. Her first marriage was arranged by her future husband to gain Bavarian support against the papal party after his defeat at Frankfurt against Heinrich Raspe anti-King of Germany[447]. The Altahenses Annales record the second marriage "in octava sancti Mychaelis aput Monacum" of "Meinhardus comes Goricie" and "Elysabeth sororem Ludwici et Heinrici ducem Bawarie relictam Chunradi regis"[448]. She founded Kloster Stams. The necrology of Königsfelden records the death "VII Id Oct" of "domina Elizabecht quondam regina Romanorum, mater domine Elizabeht Romanorum regine fundatricis nostre"[449]. The necrology of Stams records the death "VI Id Oct" of "domina Elizabeth regina prima fundatrix monasterii"[450]. The necrology of Raitenhaslach records the death "VI Id Oct" of "Elisabeth com de Tyrol"[451]. married firstly (Vohburg 1 Sep 1246) KONRAD IV King of Germany Duke of Swabia, son of Emperor FRIEDRICH II & his second wife Yolande de Brienne Queen of Jerusalem (Andria 25 Apr 1228-near Lavello, Apulia 21 May 1254, bur Messina Cathedral). married secondly (Munich 6 Oct 1259) MEINHARD II Graf von Tirol [MEINHARD IV Graf von Görz], son of MEINHARD I Graf von Tirol [MEINHARD III Graf von Görz] & his wife Adelheid von Tirol (Landshut [1227]-Greifenbach, Tirol 1 Nov 1295, bur Kloster Stams). He succeeded in 1286 as Meinhard II Duke of Carinthia.
• 2. LUDWIG von Bayern (Heidelberg 13 Apr 1229-Heidelberg 2 Feb 1294, bur Kloster Fürstenfeld). The Altahenses Annales record the birth "1229 Id Apr" of "Agnes ducissa Bawarie filium…Ludwicus"[452]. "Otto…Comes Palatini Reni Dux Bawarie" exchanged property with the abbot of Niederaltaich, naming "Ludovico filio nostro…et Heinrico fratre suo et sororibus suis Elysabet, Sophya et Agnete", by charter dated 17 Oct 1244[453]. He succeeded his father in 1253 as LUDWIG II "der Strenge" joint Duke of Bavaria, jointly with his brother Heinrich I. After joint rule became unworkable, he and his brother agreed a division of the family's territories in 1255, under which Ludwig became Duke of Upper Bavaria (Oberbayern) and Pfalzgraf bei Rhein. "L…comes palatinus Rheni, dux Bawarie" supported the candidature of "Rikardum comitem Cornubie, fratrem regis Anglie" as king of Germany by charter dated 26 Nov 1256[454]. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses record that Duke Ludwig founded "abbaciam in Furstenfeld ordinis Cisterciensis" in 1263[455]. Rudolf I King of Germany appointed Duke Ludwig to preside over the implementation of his policy of return to the empire of all properties unlawfully appropriated since the deposition of Emperor Friedrich II in 1245, promulgated at the Diet of Nürnburg 19 Nov 1274[456]. Duke Ludwig objected to his brother's claim to an electoral vote, confirmed in a 29 May 1276 agreement between the two designed to settle some of their differences[457]. The Notæ Altahenses record the death "1294 IV Non Feb" of "Ludwicus dux Bawarie"[458]. The Ratisponensis Annales record the death "1294 apud Haidelberch Kal Feb" of "Ludwicus comes palatinus Reni dux Bawarie"[459]. married firstly (2 Aug 1254) MARIE de Brabant, daughter of HENRI II Duke of Brabant & his first wife Maria von Staufen (-beheaded Donauwörth 1256, bur Donauwörth Heiliges Kreuz Stift). The Oude Kronik van Brabant names (in order) "Mechtildim comitissam Atrebatensem et Sancti Pauli, Mariam comitissam palatinam Reni, Beatricem lantgraviam Thuringie postea comitissam Flandrie, et Margaretam sanctiomonialem, postea abbatissam in Valle Ducis" as the daughters of "Henricus secundus et quintus dux Brabancie" and his first wife Marie[460]. The Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Heredum Franciæ names "Maria" as second of the four daughters of "Henricus…secundus dux" and his wife Maria, and her husband "duci Bavarie", specifying that he "impie et crudeliter" killed her[461]. The Annales Mellicenses in 1256 record that "Lodwicus Reni comes palatinus" had "Mariam uxorem suam, filiam ducis Brabancie" beheaded by her jailers "apud Werdam"[462]. The Continuatio Lambacensis clarifies that she was killed because of her adultery[463]. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses record that Duke Ludwig beheaded his wife "Mariam ducissam Brabancie" in "castro Werde Suevico"[464]. The necrology of Freising Weihenstephan records the death "XV Kal Feb" of "Maria palatine Reni decollate a sponse eius Ludovico palatino Reni"[465]. Betrothed (Bacharach 26 Nov 1256) to --- of Cornwall, daughter of RICHARD Earl of Cornwall & his second wife Sancha de Provence (-after 26 Nov 1256). "L…comes palatinus Rheni, dux Bawarie" confirmed his betrothal "cum filia fratris…regis Anglie", or in case of impossibility "cum filia sororis eiusdem", by charter dated 25 Nov 1256[466]. This betrothal was arranged to confirm Duke Ludwig's agreement to support the candidature of Richard Earl of Cornwall as king of Germany, her dowry being 12,000 marks[467]. Duke Ludwig´s support for Earl Richard is confirmed in a charter dated 26 Nov 1256[468]. It is assumed that this daughter, concerning whom no other record has yet been found, was born from her father´s second marriage, as daughters from his first marriage would probably have been considered to old for betrothal at that date. married secondly (24 Aug 1260) ANNA von Glogau, daughter of KONRAD I Duke of Glogau [Piast] & his first wife Salomea of Poland [Piast] ([1250/52]-25 Jun 1271, bur Fürstenfeld). The Altahenses Annales record the marriage in 1260 of "Ludwicus palatinus Rehni dux Bawarie" and "Annam filiam Chunradi ducis Polonie"[469]. The Notæ Diessenses record the death "1271 VI Kal Iul" of "Anna ducissa Bawarie"[470]. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses record that the mother of Duke Ludwig died "1271 V Kal Iun" and was buried at Fürstenfeld[471]. married thirdly (Aachen 24 Oct 1273) MECHTILD von Habsburg, daughter of RUDOLF I King of Germany Graf von Habsburg & his first wife Gertrud [Anna] von Hohenberg [Zollern] (Rheinfelden [1253]- Munich 22 or 23 Dec 1304, bur Fürstenfeld Cistercian Convent). The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses name "rex Rudolfus filiam suam…Mechthildam" as third wife of Duke Ludwig[472]. This third marriage was arranged to secure Duke Ludwig’s support for her father’s election as King of Germany, with a dowry of 10,000 marks. The Hermanni Altahenses Annales record that "1302…in vigilia Iohannis baptiste Rudolfus" captured "Mechtildem matrem suam, relictam Ludwici ducis…et Conradum de Oteling" at "castro Schilperg" and took them to Munich where Konrad von Oteling was beheaded "in die sancte Margarete…propter quondam infamiam"[473]. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses record the death "1304 10 Kal Ian" of "Mechthildis mater Rudolfi et Ludovici" and her burial at Fürstenfeld[474]. The Notæ Diessenses record the death "1305 11 Kal Ian" of "Methildis ducissa Bawaie"[475]. The necrology of Seligenthal records the death "XII Kal Jan" of "domina Mehtildis uxor Ludwici ducis Bawarie"[476].

Duke Ludwig II & his second wife had ANNA von Glogau had three children:

• a) MARIA von Bayern (1261-, bur Marienberg near Boppard). The primary source which confirms her existence has not so far been identified. Meisterin at Marienberg near Boppard.

• b) AGNES von Bayern (-21 Oct 1269, bur Fürstenfeld). The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses name "Agnetem et Ludovicum" as children of Duke Ludwig & his second wife[477]. The necrology of Fürstenfeld records the death "XII Kal Nov" of "Agnes filia fundatoris nostri, tunc collata est ecclesia in Pfeffing"[478].
  
• c) LUDWIG von Bayern (13 Sep 1267-at a tournament at Nürnberg 23 Nov 1290, bur Fürstenfeld). The Altahenses Annales record the birth "1267 Id Sep" of "Ludwico duci filius…Ludwicus"[479]. He was killed in a tournament. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses record that Duke Ludwig was killed "apud civitatem Nurenberg in hastiludio per Kraftonen de Hohenloch" and buried at Fürstenfeld next to his mother[480]. The necrology of Fürstenfeld records the death "IX Kal Dec" of "Ludwicus filius fundatoris nostri"[481]. married (contract Fraulautern 27 Nov 1287, Mainz 7 Jan 1288) as her first husband, ISABELLE de Lorraine, daughter of FERRY III Duke of Lorraine & his wife Marguerite de Champagne Infanta de Navarra (1272-11 May 1335, bur Vaudémont). The marriage contract between "domino Lodwico…comite palatino Reni duce Bawarie…Lodwico filio suo primogenito" and "Fridericus…dux Lotringie et marchio…Elyzabet filiam" is dated 27 Nov 1287[482]. The primary source which confirm her second marriage has not so far been identified. She married secondly (Feb 1306) Henri [III] Comte de Vaudémont.
  

Duke Ludwig II & his third wife MECHTILD von Habsburg, had five children:

• d) RUDOLF von Bayern ([4] Oct 1274-[11/13] Aug 1319). The Annales Basilienses record that "filia regis Rudolfi, ducissa Bavarie" gave birth to a son "circa IV Non Oct" in 1274[483]. The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses name "Rudolfum…primogenitus…et Ludovicum ducem iuniorem" as sons of Duke Ludwig & his third wife[484]. The Ratisponensis Annales name "primogenitus Rudolfus" as one of the two sons of "Ludwicus comes palatinus Reni dux Bawarie"[485]. He succeeded his father in 1294 as RUDOLF I Duke of Bavaria and Pfalzgraf bei Rhein, with the Electorship. He associated his brother with the Government 1300 or 1304, and partitioned his Bavarian territories with him 1310, becoming Duke of Upper Bavaria. In 1313, Rudolf I became sole Pfalzgraf bei Rhein, with the Electorship. However, his brother deprived him of this in 1314 and forced him to abdicate in his favour 1317. The necrology of Fürstenfeld records the death "Id Aug" of "Rudolfus dux filius fundatoris nostri"[486].
  
• e) MECHTILD von Bayern (end-1275-Lüneburg 28 Mar 1319, bur Lüneburg St Michaelis). A charter dated 28 Feb 1287 records the agreement between "domino Lodwico comiti palatino Reni et duci Bawarie" and "Otto…dux de Braunswich et Luneburch" regarding the marriage of the latter with "una filiarum" of the former[487]. The Papal legate issued a dispensation for the marriage of "Ottoni duci de Loeunenburch" and "Mæchtildi nate…Lodowici comitis palatini Reni et Bawarie ducis", despite their 4o consanguinity, dated 29 Mar 1287[488]. The marriage contract between "dominus Lodwicus…comes palatinus Reni, dux Bawarie…Mæhthildem filiam suam antiquiorem" and "Otto Brunswicensis et Lunenburgensis dux" is dated 19 Apr 1287[489]. The citizens of Lüneburg swore allegiance to “Otto dux de Bruneswik et Luneborch...domine nostre Meichtildi collaterali sue filie...Lodewici...comitis Palatini Reni ducis Bawarie” by charter dated 7 Aug 1288[490]. married (Papal dispensation 4o Würzburg 29 Mar 1287, [24 Apr/7 Aug] 1288) as his second wife, OTTO II "der Strenge" Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, son of JOHANN I Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg & his wife Liutgard von Holstein (-9/10 Apr 1330, bur Lüneburg).
  
• f) AGNES von Bayern ([1276/78]-22 Jul 1345). Her origin is confirmed by the charter dated 21 Aug 1323 under which "Ludowicus…Romanorum Rex" granted rights to "Sophie…sororis nostre Agnetis, relicte quondam Henrici Marchionis Brandenburgensis, filie"[491]. Burchard Archbishop of Magdeburg agreed an alliance with “Agn der Margreuinen von Brandenborch unde tu Landesberch”, with the consent of “hertoghen Hinrike von Brunswik erem swaghere”, by charter dated 16 Apr 1318[492]. married firstly (Donauwörth 15 Jan 1290) HEINRICH Landgraf von Hessen, son of HEINRICH I "das Kind" Landgraf Herr von Hessen & his first wife Adelheid von Braunschweig (-23 Aug 1298, bur Marburg). married secondly ([Nov 1298/19 May 1303], Papal dispensation Anagni 19 May 1303) HEINRICH I "Ohneland" Markgraf von Brandenburg, son of JOHANN I Markgraf von Brandenburg [Askanier] & his second wife Jutta von Sachsen [Askanier] (1260-14 Feb 1318).
  
• g) ANNA von Bayern The primary source which confirms her existence has not so far been identified. Nun at Ulm.
  
• h) LUDWIG von Bayern ([Feb/Mar] 1282-Puch bei Fürstenfeldbruck 11 Oct 1347, bur Munich Unsere Liebe Frau). The Notæ Fuerstenfeldenses name "Rudolfum…primogenitus…et Ludovicum ducem iuniorem" as sons of Duke Ludwig & his third wife[493]. His brother associated him with the Government 1300 or 1304 as LUDWIG IV "der Bayer" joint Duke of Upper Bavaria and joint Pfalzgraf bei Rhein (the single electoral vote being held jointly), and partitioned his Bavarian territories with him 1310. In 1313, Ludwig became sole Duke of Bavaria. Elected LUDWIG King of Germany at Frankfurt-am-Main 20 Oct 1314, crowned at Aachen 25 Nov 1314. He deprived his brother Rudolf I of the Palatinate 1314, and forced him to abdicate in his favour 1317 from which time Ludwig governed all the territories alone. Crowned King of Italy at Milan 31 May 1327. Crowned Emperor LUDWIG at Rome 17 Jan 1328.
  

• 3. HEINRICH von Bayern (Landshut 19 Nov 1235-Burghausen 3 Feb 1290, bur Kloster Seligenthal). "Otto…Comes Palatini Reni Dux Bawarie" exchanged property with the abbot of Niederaltaich, naming "Ludovico filio nostro…et Heinrico fratre suo et sororibus suis Elysabet, Sophya et Agnete", by charter dated 17 Oct 1244[494]. The Altahenses Annales record the birth "1235 XIII Kal Dec" of "Agnes ducissa Bawarie filium…Heinricus"[495]. He succeeded his father in 1253 as HEINRICH I joint Duke of Bavaria, jointly with his brother Ludwig II. After joint rule became unworkable, he and his brother agreed a division of the family's territories in 1255, under which Heinrich became Duke of Lower Bavaria (Niederbayern).
• 4. SOPHIE von Bayern (Landshut end-1236-Schloß Hirschberg 8/9 Aug 1289, bur Eichstätt Dominican Kloster). "Otto…Comes Palatini Reni Dux Bawarie" exchanged property with the abbot of Niederaltaich, naming "Ludovico filio nostro…et Heinrico fratre suo et sororibus suis Elysabet, Sophya et Agnete", by charter dated 17 Oct 1244[496]. The Altahenses Annales record the marriage in 1258 of "Gebhardus comes de Hirzperch" and "Sophiam ducem [Bawarie] sororem"[497]. The Gesta Episcoporum Eichstetensium names "comes Gebhardus…in Hirzperch filius sororis…Ludowici et Heinrici fratrem ducum Bavarie"[498]. The necrology of Oberaltaich records the death "V Id Aug" of "Sophia coma de Hirzperch"[499]. The necrology of Seligenthal records the death "V Id Aug" of "Sophia de Hirzberch"[500]. married (1258) as his second wife, GEBHARD IV Graf von Hirschberg, son of GEBHARD [II] Graf von Hirschberg & his [second] wife Agnes [von Truhendigen] (-Schloß Hirschberg 27 Feb 1275, bur Eichstätt Dominican Kloster).
• 5. AGNES von Bayern (-Munich 7 Dec [1306], bur Kloster Seligenthal). "Otto…Comes Palatini Reni Dux Bawarie" exchanged property with the abbot of Niederaltaich, naming "Ludovico filio nostro…et Heinrico fratre suo et sororibus suis Elysabet, Sophya et Agnete", by charter dated 17 Oct 1244[501].