Hisdai Shahrijar "Sheshna" ben Bustanai, Exilarch & Gaon of Sura

• Exilarchs
• Exilark av judarna i Bagdad 660-665.

Exilarch was the title given to the head of the Babylonian Jews, who, from the time of the Babylonian exile, were designated by the term "golah" (see Jer. xxviii. 6, xxix. 1; Ezek. passim) or "galut" (Jer. xxix. 22).

The chief of the golah or prince of the exiles held a position of honor which, recognized by the state, carried with it certain definite prerogatives, and was hereditary in a family that traced its descent from the royal Davidic house. The origin of this dignity is not known. The first historical documents referring to it date from the time when Babylon was part of the Parthian empire, and it was preserved uninterruptedly during the rule of the Sassanids, as well as for several centuries under the Arabs.

2nd Dynasty, from c. AD 130 to 642

1. Ahija[h], 130-145, descendant of 27 (1st dynasty). Descent from Akkub is Akkub, David, Shlomo, Shemaya, David, Schania, Hizkiah, Shalom, Nathan 'De-Zuzita', Hunya, Shlomo, Yakov, Ahija[h]. 2. Nakhum [II], 145-170, son of 1 3. Johanan [II], 170-175, son of 1 4. Shaphat, 175-195, son of 3 5. Huna I, 195-210, son of 2 6. Yakob I, 210-215, son of 2 7. Mar-Ukba I [Nathan], 215-240, son of 2 8. Huna II, 240-259, son of 7 9. [C]hiyya, 259, son of 4

10. Hanan (Annan; Anani), 260, son of 4 11. Nathan I, 260-270, son of 8 12. Nosson I, 270, son of 8 13. Yakob II, 270, son of 9 14. Nehemiah I, 270-313, son of 11 15. Mar-Ukba II, 313, son of 11 16. Nahman, 313-320, son of 13 17. Mar-Ukba III, 320-337, son of 14 18. Isaac, 337-8, son of 14 19. Huna III [Huna-Mar I], 338-350, son of 14 20. Abba 'Mari', 350-370, son of 17 21. Nathan II, 370-400, son of 20 22. Hachni, 400, son of 20 23. Kahana I, 400-415, son of 20 24. Huna IV, 415-442, grandson of 23 via Nathan 25. Mar-Zutra I, 442-455, grandson of 23 via Nathan 26. Kahana II, 455-465, son of 25 27. Huna V, 465-475, son of 25 28. Nosson II, 475, son of 25 Interregnum: 475-484 29. Huna VI, 484-508, son of 26 Regency, Pachda, 508-512, descendant of 24 30. Mar-Zutra II, 512-520, descendant of 23 via Nathan. Descent goes Kahana, Nathan, Kahana (Khanai), Zutra, Maremar, Haninai, Mar-Zutra II. interim: 520-550. His son, Sutra (I) (Mar-Zutra) 'Rav', 'Prince of Israel', founded a new dynasty of Palestinian 'Nesi'im', circa AD 550, ending the interim that followed the deposition of Gamaliel VI (House of Hillel 'The Great') in AD 425.* Apparently, Mar-Zutra II inherited the Exilarchate through his mother, Havah, daughter and heiress of 29. 31. Ahunai [Huna-Mar II], 550-560, son of 30 32. Hofnai, 560-581, son of 31 33. Haninai, 581-589, son of 32 34. Mar-Zutra III, 589, descendant of 23 via Nathan. Descent goes Kahana, Nathan, Kahana (Khanai), Zutra, Maremar, Haninai, Hizkiah, David, Mar-Zutra III interim: 589-614 35. Nehemiah II, 614-640, son of 32 36(A) Abdullah, 640-642 dep, d 660; was opposed for his conversion to Islam; was the 'Arab Sheik' who was deposed in favor of Bostanai, who founded a new dynasty of exilarchs. Grandson of 35 via Shallum. 36(B) Heman [I], 640-642, anti-king, opposed Abdullah. Grandson of 32 via Hanamel.

3rd Dynasty, from Year 642 to 1401

1. Bostonai (Bustanai) (d 665), a Davidic prince of the '2nd' dynasty of exilarchs (above), was appointed by the Arabic Caliph as the new exilarch in 642, which began a new [3rd] dynasty of exilarchs, the Bostonaite Line. Son of 33 (2nd dynasty). 2. Hisdai I, 665-685, son of 1 3. Ishak, 685-700, deposed, d 705, represented previous [2nd] dynasty (above) 4. Hisdai II, 700-730, grandson of 1 via Haninai Baradai 5. Zakkai I, 730-733, son of 4 6. Solomon I, 733-759, son of 4 7. Isaac Iskoi I (760), son of 6 8. Hananiah (762), grandson of 4 via David. Another son of David, Anan, founded the Karaite sect. 9. Zakkai-Yehuda (d 771), great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Shahrijar (Prince of Tabaristan), Yomtov-Ruzbihan (Ahunai), Zakkai-Yehuda. 10. Natronai I 771-3, dep, great-great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Haninai Baradai, Nehemiah, Haninai, Natronai.

11. Makhir, 773 dep, great-great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Haninai Baradai, Nehemiah, Haninai, Makhir. 12. Zakkai II, 773 dep, great-great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Haninai Baradai, Nehemiah, Yitzchak, Zakkai. 13. Babawai-Moses, 773-?, great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Shahrijar (Prince of Tabaristan), Yomtov-Ruzbihan (Ahunai), Babawai-Moses. 14. Hisdai III (803), son of 10 15. Samuel I, 803-816, great-great-gandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Haninai Baradai, Nehemiah, Haninai, Samuel. 16. Isaac Iskoi II (817), son of 13 17. Daniel I, 820, grandson of 7 via Shemaiah 18. David I, 820-840, great-great-great-grandson of 1. Descent goes Bostonai, Haninai Baradai, Nehemiah, Yitzchak, Judah, David. 19. Lucke, 840, son of 18 20. Judah I, 840-857, son of 18 21. Natronai II (857), great-grandson of 8. Descent goes Hananiah, Zakkai, Jedediah, Natronai. 22. Hisdai IV/III (875), son of 21 23. Jehoshaphat, son of 22 24. Hisdai V/IV, son of 18 25. Ukba, deposed twice, 913 & 918, son of 20 26. David II, 1st time, 921-930, grandson of 20 via Zakkai 27. Josiah I, 930-933, dep, grandson of 20 via Zakkai 28. David II, 2nd time, 933-940 29. Judah II, 940-1, son of 26 30. Chizkiya I, 1st time, 940, son of 29 31. Heman [II], 941-951, son of 26 32. Solomon II, 951-953, son of 27 33. Chizkiya I, 2nd time, 953-975 34. Azariah I (975), son of 32 35. Chizkiya I, 3rd time, ?-980 36. David III/I, 980-1001, son of 30 37. Zakkai III, 1001-1021, son of 30 38. Chizkiya II, 1021-40, dep, exec 1058, son of 36 39. David IV, 1st time, 1040, abdicated in favour of 40, son of 38 40. Solomon III 'Rosh', 1040-?, descendant of 4. Descent goes Hisdai, David, Meir, Moshe, Aaron, Meir, Aaron, Avraham, Aaron, Meir, Solomon, Judah, Solomon. 41. Zakkai IV, son of 34 42. Joseph, grandson of 34 via Solomon 43. Jedidah, ?-1081, dep, grandson of 42 via Jesse 44. David IV/II, 2nd time, 1081-1092 45. Chizkiya III, 1st time, 1092-4, son of 39 46. Solomon IV, 1094-6, son of 43 47. Chizkiya III, 2nd time, 1096-9 48. David V/III, 1099-1134, son of 45 49. Nehemiah [III], 1134, son of 48 50. Hisdai IV/V, 1134-5, son of 48 51. Solomon V, 1135-1150, son of 50 52. Daniel II, 1150-1175, son of 50 53. Natronai III, 1175, son of 48 54. Judah III, 1175, son of 53 55. Samuel II/I, usurper,1175, son of 53 56. David IV/V 1175, grandson of 50 via a daughter (name unknown) 57. Samuel II, 1175-95, son of 53 58. David VII/V, 1195-1201, son of 57 59. Azariah II, 1201-1216, son of 58 60. David VIII/VI (1216), son of 54

61. Hasdai V/VI, son of 56 62. Solomon VI, son of 61 63. Hisdai VI/VII, grandson of 54 via Joshua 64. Daniel III, ?-1240, grandson of 54 via Shlomo 65. Samuel IV/III, 1240-1270, son of 59 66. Josiah II, 1270-?, great-grandson of 53. Descent goes Natronai, David, Solomon, Josiah. 67. David IX/VII (1288), son of 63 68. Daniel IV, son of 62 69. Nissim (1295), grandson of 60 via Abraham 70. Judah IV (1300), son of 66 71. Solomon VII, son of 70 72. David X, son of 71 73. Sar-Shalom (1341), grandson of 65 via Phineas 74. Melchi 'Nasi', ?-1365, son of 73 75. Shalom, 1365-1401, son of 74, deposed by Tartar King Tamerlane. However, his descendants continued to be recognized by the Jews of the 'Diaspora' as their kings until their extinction upon the death of Pasha, called 'King of the Jews' by the Baghdad ghetto, in 1825, the last prince of the dynasty's main-line, upon which the title to the throne devolved to another Davidic descent-line.

• The Patriachs

1. Hillel (active 30 BC to 9 AD), a descendant of King David according to the Talmud. 2. Simeon 3. Gamaliel I 4. Simeon II (d 70) 5. Gamaliel II (80-110) 6. Simeon III (c. 135-165) 7. Judah I (165-217) 8. Gamaliel III (217-c. 235) 9. Judah II (c. 235-250) 10. Gamaliel IV (c. 250-265) 11. Judah III (265-330) 12. Hillel II (330-365) 13. Gamaliel V (365-380) 14. Judah IV (380-400) 15. Gamaliel VI (400, suspended 415 by Theodosius II, the Byzantine Emperor, who abolished the Palestinian Patriarchate, d 425)

The office of Palestinian Patriarch/Prince was later revived, for we find another dynasty reigning at Tiberias, c. 550 to c. 890, and a rival dynasty at Jerusalem from 691 to 1099. There was another dynasty reigning in Palestine from 1187 to 1849.

From what I can see, there were two lines of Palestinian 'Nasim' or Princes, the Tobitite (seems to have failed 4 BC) and Onaidite (seems to have failed 10 BC) lines, which survived until the time of Herod, then there was the line of Hillel as listed above, which lasted until 415, then another line of Princes, founded in about 550 by Sutra, son of Mar-Zutra, 30th Exilarch of the 2nd dynasty, who were apparently ancestors of the Ibn Yahya family. From what I have read, the Exilarchs took precedence over the Palestinian Nasi, though both were descendants of the House of David.

I Chronicles iii 17-24

17 And the sons of Jeconiah; Assir, Salathiel his son, 18 Malchiram also, and Pedaiah, and Shenazar, Jecamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19 And the sons of Pedaiah were, Zerubbabel, and Shimei: and the sons of Zerubbabel; Meshullam, and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister:

20 And Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushabhesed, five. 21 And the sons of Hananiah; Pelatiah, and Jesaiah: the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shechaniah. 22 And the sons of Shechaniah; Shemaiah: and the sons of Shemaiah; Hattush, and Igeal, and Bariah, and Neariah, and Shaphat, six. 23 And the sons of Neariah; Elioenai, and Hezekiah, and Azrikam, three. 24 And the sons of Elioenai were, Hodaiah, and Eliashib, and Pelaiah, and Akkub, and Johanan, and Dalaiah, and Anani, seven.