Hormizd II, King of Persia

Hormisdas II . Hormizd II . Shah of Persia - Persian shaahi. King of Persia.

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King Hormizd II, was the eighth Persia King of the Sassanid dynasty, and reigned for seven years and five months, from 302 to 309. Almost nothing is known of his reign.

After his death his oldest son Adarnases, who had a cruel disposition, was killed by the grandees after a very short reign; another son, Hormizd, was held prisoner, while the throne was reserved for the child of his concubine, Shapur II. Another version has it that Shapur II was the son of Hormizd II's first wife, and that while still pregnant she was made to wear a crown over her pudenda so that the baby would be born as a king.

Relief "The Equestrian Victory of Hormizd II"

His son Hormizd escaped from prison in 323 with the help of his wife, and found refuge at the court of Constantine I (324–337) (Zosimus ii. 27; John of Antioch, fr. 178; Zonaras 13–5). In 363, Hormizd served against Persia in the army of the Roman emperor Julian (361–363); in turn his son, of the same name, later served as proconsul (Ammianus Marcellinus 26. 8. 12).

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormizd_II for more information.

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Hormizd II, was the eighth Persian king of the Sassanid Empire, and reigned for seven years and five months, from 302 to 309. He was the son of Narseh (293–302),

Almost nothing is known of his reign.

After his death his oldest son Adarnases, who had a cruel disposition, was killed by the grandees after a very short reign; another son, Hormizd, was held prisoner, while the throne was reserved for the child of his concubine, Shapur II. Another version has it that Shapur II was the son of Hormizd II's first wife, and that while still pregnant she was made to wear a crown over her pudenda so that the baby would be born as a king.

Relief "The Equestrian Victory of Hormizd II"

His son Hormizd escaped from prison in 323 with the help of his wife, and found refuge at the court of Constantine I (324–337) (Zosimus ii. 27; John of Antioch, fr. 178; Zonaras 13–5). In 363, Hormizd served against Persia in the army of the Roman emperor Julian (361–363); in turn his son, of the same name, later served as proconsul (Ammianus Marcellinus 26. 8. 12).

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Hormizd II (Persian: هرمز دوم‎‎) was the eighth king of the Sasanian Empire, and reigned for seven years and five months, from 302 to 309. He was the son of Narseh (293–302).

In 302, Hormizd II ascended the throne, assuming a crown resembling the crown used by the early Sasanian rulers. Hormizd II, unlike his father, persecuted the Manicheans who had lived peacefully during the reign of his father.

Hormizd tried to improve Sasanian relations with Armenia, which had recently under Tiridates III of Armenia declared Christianity as its state religion; he gave his daughter Hormizddukht in marriage to a Mamikonian prince named Vahan.  In 309, while Hormizd was hunting, he was wounded by a Ghassanid army, and was shortly killed by the Sasanian nobles.

After his death, his oldest son Adhur Narseh, who had a cruel disposition, was killed by the grandees after a very short reign; another son, Hormizd, was imprisoned, while the throne was reserved for the child of his concubine, Shapur II. Another version has it that Shapur II was the son of Hormizd II's first wife, and that while still pregnant she was made to wear a crown over her pudenda so that the baby would be born as a king.

Hormizd II also had many other sons named Adurfrazgird, Zamasp, Ardashir, and two daughters named Hormizddukht and Asay.

Hormizd II was one of the Sasanian kings with most children, which he had from his Jewish wife Ifra-Hormizd, and several other wives and concubines:

- Prince Adur Narseh (3rd century – 309), the ninth king of the Sasanian Empire.[9] - Prince Shapur II (309–379), the tenth king of the Sasanian Empire.[13] - Prince Adurfrazgird (??? – 4th century), governor of southern Arbayistan.[14] - Prince Zamasp (??? – 4th century), governor of northern Arbayistan.[14] - Prince Shapur Sakanshah (??? – 4th century), governor of Sakastan.[15] - Prince Hormizd (??? – 4th century), imprisoned by the Iranian nobility and later defected to the Roman Empire.[11] - Prince Ardashir II (379 – 383), the eleventh king of the Sasanian Empire.[4] - Unnamed daughter (??? – 4th century), married the Arsacid king Urnayr.[16] - Princess Hormizddukht (??? – 4th century), married the Mamikonian prince Vahan.[4]

دهم ژوئیه سال ۳۰۲ میلادی « نرسی » شاه وقت ایران از سلسله‌ی ساسانی پس از این كه شنید یك واحد از ارتش ایران مورد شبیخون رومی ها قرار گرفته و متحمل تلفات شده از فرط اندوه بیمار شد و همان روز بعد از ده سال پادشاهی به سود پسرش هرمز دوم كناره گیری كرد، اما هرمز تا روزی كه پدر زنده بود عنوان شاه بر خود ننهاد. نرسی قبلا ارتش روم به فرماندهی گالریوس را در سوریه امروز شكست و فراری داده بود و چون پیش بینی حمله مجدد را تا سالها نمی كرد، نیمی از ارتش را روانه شمال شرقی كشور كرده بود كه گالریوس به سپاه ایران مستقر در منطقه فرات شمالی شبیخون زده و تلفات وارد ساخته بود. اختلاف ایران و روم در زمان نرسی بر سر ارمنستان بود. سرانجام دو ماه بعد، همان بیماری ناشی از افسردگی شدید، نرسی را از پای درآورد و « هرمز دوم » تاج شاهنشاهی ایران را بر سر گذارد.

وی در مشرق درگیریهایی با کوشانیان پیدا کرد اما با ضعف و فترتی که در کارها می دید از عهده‌ی مقابله با آنها برنیامد و ناچار راه صلح با آنها را انتخاب کرد. از شاهان ساسانی هرمز دوم یگانه شاهی است که در سکه‌های او، صورت شاه و ملکه که از حیث وجاهت معروف بود، با یکدیگر نقش شده اند. او نخستین شاه ایران است كه اجازه داد تصویر همسر او که دختر پادشاه كوشان بود را بر روی سكه ضرب کنند.

این شاه به عدالت خواهی موصوف بود و به بسط دادگستری کوشید و بر آبادی ایران افزود ولی مدت سلطنت او کوتاه بود. هرمز دوم كه تاریخ او را به عنوان « عادل » مورد قضاوت قرار می دهد، دادگاههای كیفری ایران را دو مرحله ای كرد و دستور داد كه احكام اعدام بدون تصویب او اجرا نشوند. وی در جنگ با اعراب کشته شد. پس از هرمز دوم، پسرش آذرنرسی ( آذرنرسه ) بر تخت نشست.