Jacob Mathias Tax

http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Jacob_Tax/utdypning

“The history of the Tax or Taxt Family begins in the year 1652 with three brothers who came from Saxony [Germany] to the young, Norwegian mining community. The story about them and their descendants, followed for 8 generations and is now seen in the light of external events in the pre - industrial Norway….[The] Copper Works in Røros and Kvikne has had leaders from the Tax family particularly in Alvdal, Tynset, Alen, and Os and you can find many descendants there today. Others worked at Kongsberg silver mine either as middle managers or ordinary workers. Many of the [Tax] family were directly affected by future major events such as border wars with Sweden, closure of Kongsberg Silverworks in 1805, independence work in 1814, the first steamship traffic, construction of Fyrvesenet, visual art, tourism, etc. The book contains almost 5000 names on the family members and intermarriages. Records are sorted by first name, family name and farm name. It also provides unpublished information on the operation of the copper works at Kvikne and Fådalen and some crew lists are also included.” Website for the book "BergmannsslektenTax" (Mining Family Tax), by Harald Horten, Stig A. Nyberg and Simon Trøan. Published 2009. ISBN 978-82-303-1412-8: www.slektentax.com Reviews, Additions and Corrections

Our Tax family is a German - Norwegian mining family that originated from the three brothers: Jacob Mathias, Johan Georg and Tobias Tax. The three brothers were recruited by the nobleman, Brostrup Gedde, from Tommerup. Before 1658, Tommerup was known as the Danish Tommerup Kung Farm. In 1658 the Tommerup Farm estate became part of Sweden.

In 1651 and 1652 the nobleman, Brostrup Gedde, son of Ove Gjedde and Dorthe Knudsdatter Urne, went to Central Europe to study mining. In Sachsen (Saxony), Germany, Jacob Mathias Tax was recommended to Brostrup Gedde. Other mining experts were also recruited on this trip. Brostrup Gedde and his group of mining experts returned to Norway in May 1652, the three Tax brothers wete probably part of this entourage. It is not known where exactly in Saxony that the Tax brothers originated – possibly Freiberg which is southwest of Dresden. Tax is not a common last name in Germany. Brostrup Gedde was in Goslar, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was also in Zellerfeld, in Oberharz and in Leipzig in 1651. Unfortunately many German records were destroyed during the Second World War. No record of the Tax brothers has been located in Germany. The authors of BergmannsslektenTax were unable to find any records for the Tax brothers in Germany. The German surname, Tax, is derived from the Old German word ‘dachs’ or ‘daks’ meaning badger. The scientific name for badger is Taxidea taxus. The Tax surname was possibly given as a nickname to someone who ressembled a badger in some way, perhaps with a streak of white hair in black hair or someone who had nocturnal habits. Badgers are known to be very protective and aggressive. Tax is one of the earliest surnames to be recorded in Germany as early as the 11th Century when Germany first began to pass down hereditary surnames. Spelling variations are: Tax, Taxt, Taks, Dach, Dachs, Dache and many more.

The first record of the Tax brothers in Norway were deposit accounts that were written by Jacob Mathias for the period 08 July 1654 to 07 July 1655 for Lilledal Copper Works at Ølve in Kvinnherad. Johan Georg Tax is mentioned in 1656, when he worked in the Løkken mine in Meldal. Tobias Tax is first mentioned in 1662, in a legal proceeding in Kvikne. Brostrup Jacobsen Tax, the only son of Jacob Mathias Tax and Christina Hoffendorf, is probably named after the nobleman, Brostrup Gedde. Brostrup Jacobsen Tax was born about 1660 during the years his parents were in Trondheim. His father died in 1670 in Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway and his mother then married 2nd Christian Boghart Richter 13 September 1671in Trondheim. She died after a few years of marriage to Christian Boghart Richter. It is not known where Brostrup’s parents, Jacob Matias Tax and Christina Hoffendorf, were married. Added by Beverly Graham

Jacob Mathias Tax was manager of Røros Copper Mines.

In 1651 and 1652 the nobleman, Brostrup Gedde, went to Central Europe to study mining - copper. In Sachsen (Saxony, Germany) Jacob Mathias Tax was recommended to Brostrup Gedde, who took him to Norway. Brostrup Gedde collected several people on his trip. Brostrup Gedde and his team returned to Norway in May 1652, probably with the three Tax brothers. An account is written by Jacob Mathias for the period 08 July 1654 to 07 July 1655 for Lilledal copper works at Ølve in Kvinnherad. Johan Georg Tax is mentioned in 1656, when he worked in Løkken mine in Meldal. Tobias Tax is first mentioned in 1662, in a legal proceeding in Kvikne. Brostrup Tax, the son of Jacob Mathias Tax, is probably called after Brostrup Gedde. The name 'Brostrup' changes to be Blostrup right before the year 1800. Outside of Alvdal it seems that the name was spelled as Blaastrup, and pronounced as Blåstrup (with the Norwegian å).

Kilde: "Store norske leksikon", artikkelen er skrevet av Arne Dag Østigaard http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Jacob_Tax/utdypning

Jacob Mathias Tax, født 1630, fødested Sachsen, Tyskland, død 1670, dødssted Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, begr. i domkyrkja der. Tysk-norsk bergembetsmann. Foreldre: Ukjende. Gift med Christine Hohendorff (1632–ca. 1675).

Jacob Tax var kongens bergmeister nordafjells og leia sjølv i periodar drifta ved kopparverka på Løkken og Røros.

Tax kom til Noreg 1652 saman med Brostrup Gjedde, Daniel Barth og to brør. Den mest kjende var Johann Georg Tax, seinare direktør ved Røros kopparverk. Brørne kom truleg frå Freiberg i Sachsen, ein gammal bergverksby.

Tax var først rådgjevar for bergkommissær Gjedde på Kongsberg. 1654 vart han sjiktmeister ved koppargruvene i Kvinnherad i Sunnhordland, og 1656 vart han utnemnd til bergmeister og forvaltar for smeltehyttene i dei nordafjelske bergverka. Han fekk ordre om å bygge opp Løkken kopparverk i Meldalen og var sjølv direktør der til 1657, medan Johann Georg Tax var hytteskrivar. Jacob Tax var også ei tid leiar av Ytterøya kopparverk ved Trondheimsfjorden 1659 bygde han den første vertikalsjakta ved Kvikne kopparverk i Tynset og gjekk opp grensa mellom Kvikne og Løkken.

Etter at direktør Johannes Irgens på Røros døydde 1659, vart Tax direktør der. Han betra arbeidsforhold og teknikk, men greidde ikkje å innføre krutsprenging. Store gruveulykker i Falun og Freiberg skræmde. Han kom også i konflikt med bergverkseigar Joachim Irgens, ikkje minst på grunn av lønns- og arbeidsforhold. Under den kristelege Tax var det nok ikkje lett for verkseigarar å skalte og valte som dei sjølve ville. Han var sterkt oppteken av arbeidaruroa på Røros og tok “den gemene manns parti” i motsetnad til Christian Arnisæus, som overtok direktørstillinga på Røros.

Tax var medeigar i Elvedalske kopparverk nær Tynset, og visstnok også i Ytterøyverket, Soknedalsverket, Ulrichsdalske kopparverk i Klæbu og Mostadmarka jernverk. Dessutan var han med på “Øresund kopparverk” ved Aursunden nær Røros saman med bergskrivar Claus Rasmussen.

1664 prøvde Frederik 3 og statthaldar U. F. Gyldenløve å få kontroll over kopparproduksjonen i Noreg, truleg etter forslag frå Tax. Kongen kravde at alt koppar skulle sendast til Glückstadt i Holstein, men bergverkseigarane Irgens, rentemeister Henrik Müller og kongens kammersekretær Christoffer Gabel var for sterke.

1666 vart det uro på Røros. Tax tok imot klageskrift frå bergfolk og førslebønder, der dei klaga på at dei ikkje hadde fått lønn på fleire år av bergverkseigar Irgens. Han fekk betra arbeidstilhøva for ei tid, men etter at han gjekk bort 1670, vart vilkåra på Røros forverra.

1668 la statthaldar Gyldenløve ned forbod mot å utføre koppar. Det var for endeleg å få full kontroll over kopparsalet. Høgst truleg hadde Tax underretta Gyldenløve om at det framleis var mykje ulovleg sal av koppar i byen. Men bergverkseigarane vart igjen for sterke. Da gav Gyldenløve opp.

Sonen Brostrup Tax (ca. 1668–1738), truleg oppkalla etter Brostrup Gjedde, vart skoginspektør nordafjells og seinare direktør ved Kvikne kopparverk.

Google Translate Norwegian Source: "Norwegian Encyclopedia" article written by Arne Day Østigård http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Jacob_Tax/utdypning

Jacob Mathias Tax, born 1630, birthplace Saxony, Germany, died 1670, place of death, Sør-Trøndelag, shu. in the cathedral there. German-Norwegian mining official. Parents: Ukjende. Married to Christine Hohendorff (1632-ca. 1675).

Jacob Tax was king Bergmeister northern mountains and fairway self periodically husbandry at kopparverka on Lokken and Røros.
Tax came to Norway in 1652 together with Brostrup Pike, Daniel Barth and two brother. The most notable was Johann Georg Tax, later director of Røros kopparverk. Bromo came also probably from Freiberg in Saxony, ein gammal bergverksby.
Tax was first advisor for salvage Commissioner Pike in Kongsberg. 1654 lasted he layers meister at Koppargruva in Kvinnherad in Sunnhordland, and in 1656 he lasted utnemnd to Bergmeister and administers for smelting in dei nordafjelske mines opened. He fekk orders to build Lokken kopparverk in Meldal and was self director there until 1657, whereas Johann Georg Tax was cabin printer. Jacob Tax was also a time owner of Ytterøy kopparverk by Trondheimsfjorden 1659 he built the first vertical hunting at Kvikne kopparverk Tynset and losing up border between Kvikne and Lokken.
After director Johannes Irgens Røros døydde 1659, lasted Tax Director there. He improved the working conditions and technique, but managed not to introduce krutsprenging. Major mining accidents in Falun and Freiberg skræmde. He also came into conflict with mining cigar Joachim Irgens, not least because of the wages and working conditions. Under the Tax Krista was enough not easy for works Owner to so-called Valter as dei space itself would. He was highly captivated by its arbeidaruroa Røros and took "the vile man party" in Unlike the Christian Arnisæus, who took over the position director of Røros.
Tax was a shareholder in Elvedalske kopparverk near Tynset, and apparently also in Ytterøy Administration, Soknedal Administration, Ulrichsdalske kopparverk in Klæbu and Mostad Marka Ironworks. Histogram, he was involved in "Øresund kopparverk" by Aursunden near Røros together with Bergen Print Claus Rasmussen.
1664 tried Frederik 3 and statthaldar UF Gyldenløve to gain control of kopparproduksjonen in Norway, also probably proposed by Tax. King itself requires that all koppar should be sent to Glückstadt in Holstein, but mining its owners Irgens, clean meister Henrik Müller king chamber secretary Christoffer Gabel was too strong.
1666 black unrest in Røros. Tax received plaint from rock and folk førslebønder, where they appeal on that they do not had been paid for several years of mining cigar Irgens. He fekk improved the work of conditions here for a while, but after he losing away in 1670, lasted conditions in Røros deteriorating.
1668 let statthaldar Gyldenløve down Prohibitions perform koppar. That was before finally gaining full control over kopparsalet. Tall-winner as had Tax under directed Gyldenløve that there was still much was illegal saddle koppar town. But mining its owners lasted again strong. Then began Gyldenløve up.
Brostrup Tax (ca. 1668-1738), also probably named after Brostrup Gedde, black forest inspector northern mountains and later director at Kvikne kopparverk.

https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Tax-3

• Residence: Roros, Røros, Sor-Trondelag, Norway
  • Reference: MyHeritage Family Trees - SmartCopy: Dec 15 2019, 20:06:47 UTC