Heliyen [Niohuru]

Ho-lin 和琳 (T. 希齋), d. Sept., 1796, a member of the Niuhuru clan and the Plain Red Banner, was the younger brother of the notorious Ho-shên [q.v.]. In 1777 he was made a clerk in the Board of Civil Office and after various promotions was appointed director of a department. In 1786 he was sent to Hangchow as acting superintendent of the Imperial Manufactories. In the following year he was made a censor and later was sent to inspect grain transport along a section of the Grand Canal in Shantung. After remaining at the latter post for five years, he'was appointed a vice-president of the Board of War (1791) and, early in 1792, concurrently deputy lieutenant general of the Chinese Plain Blue Banner. In the same year (1792) he was sent to Tibet to assist in the campaign against the Gurkas (see under Fu-k'ang-an), managing for a time the transportation of supplies from Szechwan to the Tibetan armies. Beforelong he was ordered to assist in the direction of Tibetan civil affairs, and although toward the end of 1792 he was promoted to a presidency in the Board of Works he remained for some time in Tibet as Imperial Resident (1792-94). From 1794 to 1795 he served as governor-general of Szechwan. In 1795 he joined Fu-k'ang-an in the infamous campaign against the Miao, and reported false victories to the emperor who in consequence bestowed upon him many honors, including an hereditary earldom of the first class with the designation Hsüan-yung (宣勇伯). Ho-lin did not live to see the conclusion of the campaign, since he died in September 1796 while with the army in Hunan. His rank was posthumously raised to a dukedom of the first class and his tablet was placed in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. A special shrine was ordered to be erected at his home.

In 1799, however, when Ho-shên's downfall occurred, all of Ho-lin's honors were posthumously taken from him, for the apparently just reason that he had done nothing to merit them, and that they had come to him merely because of the influence of his powerful brother. Ho-lin's son, Fêng-shên-i-mien 豐伸(宜)伊綿 (t. 存谷), who had inherited his father's dukedom in 1796 was deprived of that rank, but was given the minor rank of Yun-ch'i-Yü which was later raised to Ch'ing-ch'ê tu-yü of the third class. A printed copy of Ho-lin's collected poems, entitled 芸香堂詩集 Yün-hsiang t'ang shih-chi, 2 chüan, is preserved in the Library of Congress.

[ 1/325/6b; 2/29/23b; 3/191/24a; 33/44/11b; Chaolien [q.v.], Hsiao-t'ing tsa-lu, passim.]

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《清史稿》卷319

弟和琳，自筆帖式累遷湖廣道御史。劾湖北按察使李天培私交糧艘帶運木植，鞫得兩廣總督福康安寄書索購狀，帝嘉和琳伉直，下部議敘，由是遂見擢用。自吏部給事中超擢內閣學士，兼禮部侍郎銜。尋授兵部侍郎、正藍旗漢軍副都統。廓爾喀擾後藏，將軍福康安往剿，帝命和琳督辦前藏以東臺站烏拉等事。尋命與鄂輝更番照料糧餉，擢工部尚書。疏陳賊酋拉特納巴都爾悔罪狀，詔令福康安受降，偕和琳妥籌善後。未幾，授鑲白旗漢軍都統。命偕孫士毅、惠齡覈辦察木多以西銷算事，仍理藏務。乾隆五十八年，予雲騎尉世職。五十九年，授四川總督。六十年，貴州苗石柳鄧叛，擾正大、嗅腦、松桃，湖南苗吳半生、石三保應之，圍永綏，帝命雲貴總督福康安往剿。和琳時方入京，至卬州，松桃匪已闌入秀山境。和琳聞警馳往，督參將張志林、都司馬瑜擊走之；後復敗賊晏農，進攻礮木山黃陂，通道松桃：賞雙眼花翎。時福康安已解正大、嗅腦、松桃圍，攻石柳鄧於大塘汛，和琳率兵會之，遂命參贊軍事；克蝦蟇碉、烏龍巖，降七十餘寨，封一等宣勇伯。復攻下巖碧山，賞上服貂褂。又以降吳半生功，賞黃帶。龍角碉、鴨保、天星諸寨大捷，加太子太保，賞玄狐端罩。嘉慶元年，克結石岡、廖家冲、連峰坳諸隘，賞用紫韁。福康安卒，命和琳督辦軍務。時石三保已就獲，石柳鄧尚據平隴。奪尖雲山砲臺，復乾州，賞三眼花翎。八月，進圍平隴，卒於軍。晉贈一等公，諡忠壯，賜祭葬，命配饗太廟，祀昭忠、賢良等祠，准其家建專祠。四年，和珅誅，廷臣論和琳藉勢邀功，上亦追咎其會剿苗匪，牽掣福康安，師無功，命撤出太廟，毀專祠，奪其子豐紳伊緜公爵，改襲三等輕車都尉。

著有《芸香堂詩集》