Su Song 蘇頌

Su Song 蘇頌 [8116] His ancestors were Wugong jun Su(1) and one of them served as a general in the army of Wang(2) Chao [3937] during the Five Dynasties resulting in the move to Quanzhou. Song moved from Quanzhou, Jinjiang xian to Zhenjiang, Dantu xian where his grandmother, Gao(1) Shi, was buried. Shen's [7341] son, Shide's [1504] grandfather, Xin(1) Youze's [7243] son-in-law, brother of Zhang(1) Tingqing's [7167] wife, Jia(3) Shou's [444] father-in-law. Song's maternal grandfather was Chen(1) Congyi [93]. His son Xi(a)'s [3757] father-in-law was Guo(1) Quan's [942] son, Yuanming [3458], and Xi(a)'s brother-in-law was Guo(1) Maoxun [953]. Another son Xi(2)'s [3758] first wife was Yuan(2) Jiang's [2112] granddaughter and his second wife was the daughter of Zeng(1) Xiaoxu [1694]. The father-in-law of Song's son, Jing [3754], was Ouyang(1) Xiu's [1384] son, Fa [7308]. Song was attacked by Yang(2) Wei(2) [2032]. Du Dagui, 'zhong,' 30.1a-5a; Su Song, WJ, 'fu,' 1a; Zou Hao, WJ, 39.1a; Wang Zao, WJ, 25.1a. CBD, 5, 4325-7. — RMH

《中國大百科全書 · 天文學》（王振鐸 撰）

中國宋代天文學家﹑藥物學家。字子容﹐福建泉州南安人。生於宋真宗天禧四年﹐卒於徽宗建中靖國元年。仁宗慶曆二年(公元1042年)進士。先任地方官﹐後改任館閣校勘﹑集賢校理等職九年﹐得以博覽皇家藏書。宋哲宗登位後﹐先任刑部尚書﹐後任吏部尚書﹐晚年入閣拜相﹐以製作水運儀象台聞名於世。

元祐元年(公元1086年)﹐蘇頌奉命檢驗當時太史局等使用的各架渾儀(見渾儀和渾象)。因此想到應有表演的儀器和渾儀配合使用。先前太平興國四年(公元979年)張思訓曾創造水運渾象“太平渾儀”﹐後因機繩斷壞﹐無人知其製法。蘇頌訪知吏部守當官韓公廉精通數學﹑天文學﹐告以張衡﹑梁令瓚﹑張思訓儀器法式大綱。韓公廉寫出《九章鉤股測驗渾天書》一卷﹐並造成機輪木樣一座。後由蘇頌和韓公廉於元祐三年集合一批工人製造﹐元祐七年竣工。這是一座把渾儀﹑渾象和報時裝置三組器件合在一起的高台建築﹐整個儀器用水力推動運轉﹐後稱水運儀象台﹐其中有許多突出的發明創造。水運儀象台完成後﹐蘇頌於紹聖初年(約公元1094～1096年間)把水運儀象台的總體和各部件繪圖加以說明﹐著成《新儀象法要》一書。

蘇頌為了能更直觀地理解星宿的昏曉出沒和中天﹐又提出設計一種人能進入渾天象內部來觀察的儀器﹐即假天儀。具體設計仍由韓公廉推算完成。它是用竹木製成﹐形如球狀竹籠﹐外面糊紙。按天上星宿的位置﹐在紙上開孔。人進入球內觀看﹐外面的光從孔中射入﹐呈現出大小不同的亮點﹐好像夜空中的星星一般。人懸坐球內扳動樞軸﹐使球體轉動﹐就可以更形像地看到星宿的出沒運行。這架儀器是近代天文館中星空演示的先驅。

蘇頌在藥物學方面﹐曾組織增補《開寶本草》(1057年)﹐著有《本草圖經》(1062年)。