Alhakén I (Abu al-Aas al-Hakam) al-Murtazî ibn Hisham emir de Córdoba

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hakam_I

Al-Hakam Ibn Hisham Ibn Abd-ar-Rahman I (Arabic: الحكم بن هشام‎) was Umayyad Emir of Cordoba from 796 until 822 in the Al-Andalus (Moorish Iberia).

Al-Hakam was the second son of his father, his older brother having died at an early age. When he came to power, he was challenged by his uncles Sulayman and Abdallah, sons of Abd ar-Rahman I. Abdallah took his two sons Ubayd Allah and Abd al-Malik to the court of Charlemagne in Aix-la-Chapelle to negotiate for aid. In the mean time Sulayman attacked Cordoba, but was defeated and driven back to Merida where he was captured and executed. Abdallah was pardoned, but was forced to stay in Valencia. [1]

Al-Hakam spent much of his reign suppressing rebellions in Toledo, Saragossa and Merida. The uprisings twice reached Cordoba. In 805 an attempt was made to dethrone Al-Hakam and replace him with his cousin Mohammed ibn al-Kasim. When the plot was discovered 72 nobles were captured, crucified and displayed along the banks of the river Guadalquivir. In 818 he crushed a rebellion led by clerics in the suburb of al-Ribad on the south bank of the Guadalquivir river. Some 300 notables were captured and crucified, while the rest of the inhabitants were exiled. Some moved to Alexandria in Egypt, some to Fez and Crete. Others joined the Levantine pirates. [1]

Al-Hakam I died in 822 after having ruled for 26 years.

al-Hakam I al-Rabdi ibn Hishâm, amir al-Qurtubi

b. 771, d. 822

Father Hishâm I ibn 'Abd al-Rahmân, amir al-Qurtubi1,2 b. 756, d. 796

     Al-Hakam I al-Rabdi ibn Hishâm, amir al-Qurtubi was named in full: Al-Hakam bin Hisham bin `Abdul-Rahman Al-Dakhil.2 Of the Umayyad. He was born in 771.2 He was the son of Hishâm I ibn 'Abd al-Rahmân, amir al-Qurtubi.1,2 Al-Hakam I al-Rabdi ibn Hishâm, amir al-Qurtubi married Halawah (?) before 792.1 Al-Hakam I al-Rabdi ibn Hishâm, amir al-Qurtubi was troubled by dissidence on the part of the Neo-Muslim majority after 796.3 Emir of Córdoba at Al-Andalus, Spain, between 796 and 822.4,3 He wiped out a pocket of Neo-Muslim resistance by engineering a banquet of Neo-Muslim dignitaries who severed heads landed in the moat ("Day of the Ditch") in 797 at Toledo.3 He was known for his firmness.2 He suppressed the Rabadi Revolution.2 He was interested in literature and science, and was also an eloquent poet and preacher.2 He unleashed his troops in the Suburb, to quell the so-called Revolt of Suburb, referring to an artisan district of Córdoba, where a plot to dethrone the emir was concocted by fanatical religious leaders, and razed the entire district in 805 at Córdoba.3 He died in 822 at age 51 years.1,2

Family

Halawah (?) b. circa 776

Child

'Abd al-Rahmân II al-Mutawassit ibn al-Hakam, amir al-Qurtubi+ b. 792, d. 22 Sep 8521,2

Citations

[S187] Royal Genealogy Database, online http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/

[S469] Al-Islam.com, online http://www.al-islam.com/

[S515] Thomas F. Glick, Islamic and Christian Spain, pg. 39.

[S653] PoH, online http://www.friesian.com/

Medlands

al-HAKAM, son of HISHAM I Emir of Córdoba ([770/75]-822). Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi records "…Hakam b. Hicham b. Mohammed b. Abd er-Rahman ed-Dakhil…" when reciting the ancestry of his descendant "El-Motadd billah" Emir of Córdoba[63]. In an earlier passage, Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi names El-Hakam as son of Hisham and "une concubine…Zokhrouf", adding that he was about 22 years old when he succeeded his father and was "un homme impie et débauché"[64]. He succeeded his father 796 as al-HAKAM I Emir of Córdoba. Distracted by the challenges to the succession by his uncles Sulayman and Abd-Allah, attacks on the Christians decreased at the start of his reign. However, by 810 the attacks intensified again and in 816 Emir al-Hakam launched a major offensive against the kingdom of Asturias[65]. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Alhacam” reigned 26 years and six months in Córdoba, adding in a later paragraph that he was the son of “Iscem”[66].

al-Hakam had five children:

1. ABD al-RAHMAN ([792]-23 Sep 852). Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi records "…Abd er-Rahman b. Hakam b. Hicham b. Mohammed b. Abd er-Rahman ed-Dakhil…" when reciting the ancestry of his descendant "El-Motadd billah" Emir of Córdoba[67]. He succeeded his father 822 as ABD al-RAHMAN II Emir of Córdoba. During his reign, the court became more formal, the administration of government more organised (following eastern Islamic models), and the respect of Islamic tradition imposed more strictly. He also encouraged scholars and poets, and constructed mosques in Seville and Jaen, as well as an extension to the mosque in Córdoba. He founded the city of Murcia in 831. In Summer 844, Viking warships attacked Seville, but the invaders were effectively beaten by the Emir's troops after they landed. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Abderahaman” reigned 32 years and six months in Córdoba while Ordoño I was king of Asturias, adding in a later paragraph that he was the son of “Haccam”[68]. Abd al-Rahman II had five children.
2. al-MUGHIRA
3. SAID
4. UMAYYA
5. al-WALID bin al-HAKAM . He led an army to attack Galicia in 838[78].

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Al Hakam I de Córdoba (b. 770, d. 21 May 822)

Al Hakam I de Córdoba (son of Hisham I de Córdoba) was born 770, and died 21 May 822. He married Adjab.

Notes for Al Hakam I de Córdoba: BIOGRAPHY: Subiu ao trono com 26 anos.

De pele morena, alto e delgado, era cruel e impiedoso.

Preocupou-se, todavia, com a cultura dos seus súbditos mandando construir diversas escolas. Mandou vir, para o efeito, professores do Oriente.

Children of Al Hakam I de Córdoba and Adjab are: +Abd Al Rahman II De Córdoba, b. 792, d. 22 Sep 852.