Benjamin Shahn

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Benjamin Shahn

Hebrew: בנימין בן שאן
Also Known As: "Ben Shahn"
Birthdate:
Birthplace: Kaunas, Kauno miesto savivaldybė, Kaunas County, Lithuania
Death: March 14, 1969 (70)
New York, New York, United States
Immediate Family:

Son of Joshua Hessel Shahn and Gittel Shahn
Husband of Matilda Goldstein and Bernarda Shahn
Father of Private
Brother of Philip Shahn and Hattie Shahn

Occupation: artist, taidemaalari
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated:
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Immediate Family

About Benjamin Shahn

Art as Activism: The Compelling Paintings of Ben Shahn YouTube Visual Biography

Ben Shahn (September 12, 1898 – March 14, 1969) was a Lithuanian-born American artist. He is best known for his works of social realism, his left-wing political views, and his series of lectures published as The Shape of Content. By the mid-1950s, Shahn's accomplishments had reached such a height that he was sent, along with Willem de Kooning, to represent the United States at the 1954 Venice Biennale.

The Art Directors Club Hall of Fame recognizes him as "one of the greatest masters of the twentieth century. Honors, books, and gallery retrospectives continue to rekindle interest in his work...years after his death." After his death, William Schuman composed "In Praise of Shahn", a modern canticle for orchestra, first performed January 29, 1970, by the New York Philharmonic, Leonard Bernstein conducting.

Shahn was born in Kovno (Kaunas), Lithuania, then occupied by the Russian Empire, to Jewish parents Joshua Hessel and Gittel (Lieberman) Shahn. His father was exiled to Siberia for possible revolutionary activities in 1902, at which point Shahn, his mother, and two younger siblings moved to Vilkomir (Ukmergė). In 1906, the family immigrated to the United States where they rejoined Hessel, who had fled Siberia. They settled in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York, where two more siblings were born. His younger brother drowned at age 17.

Shahn began his path to becoming an artist in New York, where he was first trained as a lithographer. Shahn's early experiences with lithography and graphic design is apparent in his later prints and paintings which often include the combination of text and image. Shahn's primary medium was egg tempera, popular among social realists.

Although Shahn attended New York University as a biology student in 1919, he went on to pursue art at City College in 1921 and then at the National Academy of Design. After his marriage to Tillie Goldstein in 1924, the two traveled through North Africa and then to Europe, where he made "the traditional artist pilgrimage." There he studied great European artists such as Henri Matisse, Raoul Dufy, Georges Rouault, Pablo Picasso and Paul Klee. Contemporaries who would make a profound impact on Shahn's work and career include artists Walker Evans, Diego Rivera and Jean Charlot.

Shahn was dissatisfied with the work inspired by his travels, claiming that the pieces were unoriginal. Shahn eventually outgrew his pursuit of European modern art; he, instead, redirected his efforts toward a realist style which he used to contribute to social dialogue.

The twenty-three gouache paintings of the trials of Sacco and Vanzetti communicated the political concerns of his time, rejecting academic prescriptions for subject matter. The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti was exhibited in 1932 and received acclaim from both the public and critics. This series gave Shahn the confidence to cultivate his personal style, regardless of society’s art standards.

Shahn's subsequent series of California labor leader Tom Mooney won him the recognition of Diego Rivera. In May and June 1933, he served as an assistant to Diego Rivera while Rivera executed the Rockefeller Center mural. Shahn had a role in fanning the controversy, by circulating a petition among the workers. Also during this period, Shahn met photojournalist Bernarda Bryson, who would later become his second wife. Although this marriage was successful, the mural, his 1934 project for the Public Works of Art Projects and proposal for the Municipal Art Commission were all failures.

Fortunately, in 1935, Shahn was recommended by Walker Evans, a friend and former roommate, to Roy Stryker to join the photographic group at the Farm Security Administration (FSA). As a member of the FSA group, Shahn roamed and documented the American south together with his colleagues Walker Evans and Dorothea Lange. Like his earlier photography of New York City, Shahn’s FSA work can be viewed as social-documentary.

Similarly, Shahn’s New Deal art for the FSA and Resettlement Agency exposed American living and working conditions. He also worked for these agencies as a graphic artist and painter. Shahn’s fresco mural for the community center of Jersey Homesteads is among his most famous works, but the government also hired Shahn to execute the Bronx Central Annex Post Office and Social Security murals.

In 1939, Shahn and his wife produced a set of 13 murals inspired by Walt Whitman's poem I See America Working and installed at the United States Post Office-Bronx Central Annex. Curator Susan Edwards recognizes the influence of this art on the public consciousness, writing, "The Roosevelt administration believed [such] images were useful for persuading not only voters but members of Congress to support federal relief and recovery programs… The art he made for the federal government affirms both his own legacy and that of the New Deal." . . . Continued

Ben Shahn Visual Biography YouTube

Artworks

  1. Bartolomeo Vanzetti and Nicola Sacco Their Guards,1932, Collection of Miss Patricia Healey Yale University
  2. The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti, 1931–3, Whitney Museum
  3. Untitled (Houston Street Playground, New York City), 1932, Fogg Art Museum
  4. W.C.T.U Parade, 1933-4, Museum of the City of New York
  5. Jersey Homesteads Mural, 1937-38, Community Center of the Federal Housing Development, Roosevelt, New Jersey
  6. Still Music, 1938, Philips Collection, Washington DC
  7. Handball, 1939, The Museum of Modern Art, New York (Mrs. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Fund) [1]
  8. The Meaning of Social Mural, 1940-2, Federal Security Building, Washington, DC
  9. For Full Employment after the War, Register-Vote, 1944, The Museum of Modern Art, New York
  10. Allegory, 1948, Bill Bomar Collection at The Modern
  11. Age of Anxiety, 1953, The Joseph H. Hirschhorn Foundation, Inc.
  12. Exhibitions[edit]
  13. "Ben Shahn: Paintings and Drawings," 1930, Edith Halpert's Downtown Gallery in New York, New York
  14. "57th Annual American Exhibition: Water Colors and Drawings," 1946, Tate Gallery in London, England
  15. "Ben Shahn: A Retrospective," 1947, Museum of Modern Art in New York, New York
  16. "Esposizione Biennale internationale D’Arte XXVII," 1954 in Venice, Italy
  17. "Ben Shahn," 1962, Palais des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, Belgium; Galleria Nazionale D'arte Moderna in Rome, Italy; and Albertina in Vienna, Austria.
  18. "The Collected Prints of Ben Shahn," 1969, Philadelphia Museum of Art in Pennsylvania.
  19. "Ben Shahn: A Retrospective Exhibition," 1969, New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, New Jersey.
  20. "Ben Shahn's New York: The Photography of Modern Times," 2000-2001, Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

About בנימין בן שאן (עברית)

בן שאן

''''''(אנגלית: Ben Shahn;‏ 12 בספטמבר 1898 – 14 במרץ 1969), היה אמן, צייר, וצלם יהודי אמריקאי, יליד ליטא. ידוע בשל יצירותיו בסגנון הריאליזם החברתי ובשל עמדותיו הפוליטיות השמאלניות.

תוכן עניינים 1 ביוגרפיה 2 נושאים עיקריים בציור 3 יצירות אמנות 4 קישורים חיצוניים ביוגרפיה שאן נולד בשם בנימין שאן בעיר קובנה (כיום בליטא) תחת שלטון האימפריה הרוסית למשפחה יהודית. אביו יהושע השיל נאשם בשנת 1902 בפעילות מהפכנית ונשלח לגלות בסיביר. אימו גיטל (ליברמן) שאן, עברה עם שאן ושני אחיו הצעירים לאוקמרגה באוקראינה. בשנת 1906 המשפחה היגרה לארצות הברית שם התאחדה לאחר שהאב הצליח להימלט מסיביר. הם התמקמו בשכונה וויליאמסבורג בברוקלין, ניו יורק, שם נולדו להורים עוד שני ילדים. בניו יורק החל שאן את דרכו כאמן, ראשית התמחה בליטוגרפיה ועיצוב גרפי, תחומים אשר היוו בסיס ליצירות אשר שילבו תמונות ותמליל. כמקובל בין ציירי ריאליזם חברתי, המדיום העיקרי בו יצר היה טמפרה. בניו יורק הוא השתייך לחוג של אמנים שכלל בין השאר את אלכסנדר ארכיפנקו, ז'אק ליפשיץ, חיים גרוס, דה-הירש מרגוליס, מיטשל פילדס ורפאל סויאר.

נושאים עיקריים בציור גישתו של בן שאן לאמנות התבססה על התפיסה הריאליסטית-חברתית, ועל בחינה של סטטוס-קוו חברתי. נושאי עבודותיו העיקריים היו החיים העירוניים המודרניים, עבודה מאורגנת, הגירה וצדק חברתי, אותם תיאר באופן רחום ואנושי. גישתו החברתית באה לידי ביטוי לא רק בנושאי העבודות אלא גם בנטייתו ליחסים אינטימיים והדדיים שבין האמן והקהל, וביקורת כלפי יומרות אמנותיות אשר מנותקות מהציבור.

יצירות אמנות ברתולומיאו וונצטי וניקולה סאקו, השומרים שלהם,1932, אוסף מיס פטרישיה היילי אוניברסיטת ייל התשוקה של סאקו וונצטי, 1931-3, מוזאון וויטני ללא כותרת (רחוב יוסטון, מגרש משחקים, ניו יורק), 1932, Fogg Art Museum מצעד הנשים הנוצריות של תנועת המתינות, 1933-4, מוזיאון העיר ניו יורק. Jersey Homesteads Mural, 1937-38, המרכז הקהילתי של הדיור הפדרלי פיתוח , רוזוולט, ניו ג' רזי Still Music, 1938, אוסף פיליפס , וושינגטון די.סי כדוריד, 1939, המוזיאון לאמנות מודרנית, ניו יורק "משמעות הביטחון החברתי", ציור קיר, הבניין הפדרלי של ווילבור ג'וסף כהן, 1940-2, וושינגטון די. סי לתעסוקה מלאה אחרי המלחמה, הרשם, הצבע, 1944, המוזיאון לאמנות מודרנית , ניו יורק אלגוריה, 1948,אוסף ביל בומר, The Modern גיל של חרדה, 1953, The Joseph H. Hirschhorn Foundation, Inc קישורים חיצוניים ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא בן שאן בוויקישיתוף F icon.svg בן שאן , ברשת החברתית פייסבוק עבודותיו של בן שאן

באתר המוזיאון לאמנות עכשוויות, ניו יורק Art as Activism: The Compelling Paintings of Ben Shahn , על יצירתו של בן שאן באתר Youtube https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9F
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Benjamin Shahn's Timeline

1898
September 12, 1898
Kaunas, Kauno miesto savivaldybė, Kaunas County, Lithuania
1969
March 14, 1969
Age 70
New York, New York, United States