Christian Heinrich Erndel, Phys'n to August the Strong

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Christian Heinrich Erndel, Physician to August the Strong, Polish King, Elector of Saxony

German: Christian Heinrich Erndtel, Leibarzt von August dem Starken, Polish: Christian Heinrich Erndtel, Lekarz króla Augusta Mocnego
Also Known As: "Christian Heinrich Erndl", "Erndtel"
Birthdate:
Birthplace: Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
Death: March 17, 1734 (57-58)
Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany (Bluthungung)
Place of Burial: St. Annen-Kirche, (demolished by Prussians in 1760, rebuilt), Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
Immediate Family:

Son of Heinrich III. Erndel, Phys'n to Joh. Georg III & IV and Sophia Elisabeth Erndel
Husband of Dorothee Salome Erndel
Brother of Heinrich Erndel; Sophia Elisabeth d.J. Erndel, a.d.H. Berreuth; Johanna Sophia Kober, a.d.H. Berreuth; Heinrich Gottlob Erndel; Christian Gottlob Erndel and 6 others

Occupation: Königl. Pohln. und Chur-Fürstl. Sächs. Leib-Medicus & Botaniker, Leibarzt von August dem Starken, erster Meteorologe in Warschau
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated:

About Christian Heinrich Erndel, Phys'n to August the Strong

Christian Heinrich Erndel (born 1676 in Dresden; died 17 March 1734 Dresden), was a Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Personal Physician of August the Strong. He was also a botanist and meteorologist in Dresden and Warsaw and a member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina (German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina).

Christian Heinrich Erndel (also Erndl, Erndtel) was the seventh of twelve children, born in 1676 in Dresden. His parents were Dr. Heinrich III. Erndel (born 17 June 1638 in Dresden, died 13 September 1693 in Dresden, buried in the Kirche zu unser lieben Frauen there), lord of the manors of Berreuth near Dippoldiswalde and Mulda near Freiberg, Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Personal Physician, married since 4 September 1665 in Dresden to Sophia Elisabeth Erndel née Ratke (born 8 July 1642 in Dresden; died 10 June 1685 in Berreuth, a daughter of Martin Ratke, Privy Chamberlain of Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony and Johann Georg II, Elector of Saxony. Having lost both his parents at a young age, his legal guardian was Johannes Seebisch (born 12 December 1634 in Zwickau; died 1700 in Dresden), who, in 1670, was the archdeacon of the Kreuzkirche and in 1697 the City Minister (Stadtprediger) in Dresden. Erndel's paternal grandfather, Dr. Heinrich II. Erndel (born 7 April 1595 in Regensburg; died 25 July 1646 in Oschersleben, interred in the church there) was the Personal Physician to Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony. Great-grandfather Heinrich I. Erndel (baptised on 15 July 1569 in Regensburg; interred on 15 July 1623[4] in the church in Wolfenbüttel), was the Personal and Court Apothecary in Prague to Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1612) and Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1619)who awarded him a Nobility Diploma in 1617. His sister Maria Erndl was the wife of Andreas Raselius Ambergensis and their father was Matthis 'Mattäus' Erndl, the Apothecary at the Kohlenmarkt - later known as the Mohrenapotheke in Regensburg.

Erndel's Poem of Mourning[8] for his departed father read as follows:

“I have until now never seen anyone of this world die, And must - Oh! First see it happen to my Father!“

As an orphan, both he and his brother, destined to be a major-general, Christian Friedrich Erndel, were placed under the legal guardianship of Johannes Seebisch (born 12 December 1634 in Zwickau; died 1700 in Dresden), in 1670 archdeacon of the Kreuzkirche and in 1697 City Minister (Stadtprediger) in Dresden.

Erndel's brothers-in-law were:

Johann George Seidel (born 18 February 1658 at Zschopau; died 13 April 1739 at Meißen, interred in the St. Afra Church in Meißen, where he had been a Deacon for many years), husband of Maria Sophia née Erndel;
the advocate Dr. jur. Caspar Christian Kober (born 9 July 1663 at Naumburg; died 11 September 1738 at Dresden), interred in the Church at Kötzschenbroda, where he owned a vineyard today known as the Minckwitzscher Weinberg [de], first married to Johanna Sophia née Erndel;
Christian August Fischer (died September 1739), Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon State Bursar, Chamber Assistant and Mining Councillor, husband of Christina Sophia née Erndel;
the Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Appointed Coin-Minter of the Upper Saxony Region, Johann Georg Schomburg (born about 1672; died October 1745 at Dresden, interred on 9 October 1745 in the Sophienkirche in Dresden) husband of Magdalena Sophia née Erndel.
Erndel's wife, Dorothee Salome, died in the Schloßgaße in Dresden and was interred in the Catacombs of the Frauenkirche on 7 September 1755. She was 48 years old and had been a widow for more than 21 years. The couple had no children.

Career
Education

Relation of a Journey (1706-7) Mr. Hilcken & Swedish Royal Personal Physician Hiarne
A year and two months after his father's passing, Christian Heinrich Erndelius Dresdensis graduated on 16 November 1694 at Wittenberg University. Thereafter, he studied at Altdorf University, from which he graduated in 1699. On 10 February 1700 Erndel's Leipzig University dissertation, written in Latin, Dissertationem De Usu Historiae Naturalis Exotico-Geographicae In Medicina, Consensu Inclytissimae Facultatis Philosophicae Lipsiensis, Ad d. X. Februarii A.R.S. M.DCC. Publicae Eruditorum Censurae subiicit, Christianus Henricus Erndl/ Dresdensis ... Respondente Daniele Kießling/ Budissa-Lus.[14] was published. In Leipzig, on 23 September 1701, he read pro loco for admission to the Faculty of Medicine: Disp. med. ex veneno salutem sistens. Thereafter, he graduated.

Personal Physician
Erndel was a Personal Physician to the King of Poland and Elector of Saxony August the Strong. He worked in Dresden and Warsaw.

European Tour

De flora Japanica (1716)
Erndel described his experiences during his travels to England and Holland in his book written in Latin: Relatio de itinere suo Anglico et Batavo 1706–7 (published in Dresden in 1710), which was later translated into English as The Relation of a Journey Into England and Holland, in the Years, 1706 and 1707. By a Saxon Physician. He wrote enthusiastically, including about a visit to his relative in Hamburg Christoph Wilhad Hilcken, (born 1664 in Hamburg; died 16 December 1717 in Hamburg), who was a judge at the Lower Court in Hamburg, the Senior Secretary of the free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg and member of the Fruitbearing Society. In 1699 Hilcken was chosen to be an executor of the estate of Vincent Placcius (born 7 February 1642 in Hamburg; died 6 April 1699 in Hamburg; lawyer, librarian, pedagogue, philosopher author, Professor at the Akademischen Gymnasium) and in 1704 donated his collection of more than 4,000 books to the Hamburg City Library. Hilcken's wife, Christina Maria Hilcken née Daurer (born 4 October 1686 in Stockholm; died 9 July 1715 in Hamburg), was Erndel's 2nd cousin once removed. Through Hilcken, he met the Swedish King's personal physician Urbanus Hiarne during his stay.

Naturalist

Warsavia Physice Illustrata (1730)
De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis rarissi was published by Erndel in Dresden in 1716. Thereafter, he moved to Warsaw. Parallel to caring for the monarch's health, Erndel ran a private practice in Warsaw and carried out research in to nature. Apart from his general description of the city, his special area of interest was the flora in the vicinity of Warsaw, especially those on the banks of the Vistula. He collated and published his many years of observations and descriptions of nature in his book, printed in Dresden in 1730, Warsavia Physice Illustrata, Sive De Aere, Aquis, Locis Et Incolis Warsaviae, Eorundemque Moribus Et Morbis Tractatus ; Cui Annexum Est Viridarium, Vel Catalogus Plantarum Circa Warsaviam Nascentium

Warsavia Physice illustrata was the first ever treatise on this subject. The index to plants which Erndel created included more than 900 species. One of the passages concerns the first documented palaeontological studies, which he performed on the banks of the Vistula. The fossils of prehistoric animals that were discovered then, were sent to Dresden, where they formed the core of one of the collections displayed in the Zwinger Palace. He also described his experiences in Warsaw in the accompaniment of August the Strong.

In 1733 Erndel published De plantis circa thermos Teplicenes crescentibus, in the third volume of the Processes of the Academy of the Curiosity of Nature, a catalogue of plants growing in the vicinity of Teplice in Bohemia.

First Meteorologist in Warsaw

Warsaw Meteorological Data, January 1725
Erndel was also the first to introduce systematic weather observations in Warsaw. The daily measurements listed by him for air pressure, temperature, wind and clouds during the four-year period from 1725 to 1728, were the first statistics of this nature in the history of the city.

Demise
Erndel left Warsaw in 1730, returning to his place of birth, Dresden. On 17 March 1734 he died as a result of a haemorrhage and was interred on 21 March 1734 in the Fischer family's vault near the Wilsdruffer Tor in the Alter Annenfriedhof cemetery.

Awards
In 1716 Erndel was elected to membership of the Leopoldina Academy of Sciences.

Works

• Erndtel, Christian H.: De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis .... - 1716

• Erndtel, Christian H.: De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis rarissi*. - 1716

• Erndtel, Christian H.: De itinere suo Anglicano et Aatavo annis 1706 et 1707 facto relatio. - 1711

• Erndtel, Christian H.: De itinere suo Anglicano et Batavo annis 1706 et 1707 facta relatio. - 1710

• Erndtel, Christian H.: De itinere suo anglicano et batavo Annis 1706 et 1707 facto Relatio. - 1711

• Erndtel, Christian H.: Disp. med. ex veneno salutem sistens. - [1701]

• Erndtel, Christian H.: Diss. de usu historiae naturalis exotico-geographicae in medicina. - 1700

• Erndtel, Christian H.: Itinere suo Anglicano et Batavo relatio. - 1710

• Erndtel, Christian H.: Warsavia physice illustrata. - 1730

• His Warsavia, 1730 tp (Latin ablative)=Autore Christiano Henrico Erndtelio

• T027303 : his The relation of a journey into England and Holland, in ... 1706, and 1707 , 1711 tp=By Ch. Ed. Physician in ordinary to the King of Poland

Über Christian Heinrich Erndtel, Leibarzt August d. Starke (Deutsch)

Christian Heinrich Erndel (* 1676 in Dresden; † 17. März 1734 ebenda) war ein königlich polnischer und kursächsischer Leibarzt von August dem Starken. Darüber hinaus war er Botaniker und Meteorologe in Dresden und Warschau.

Christian Heinrich Erndel (auch Erndl, Erndtel) wurde als siebtes von zwölf Kindern im 1676 in Dresden geboren. Seine Eltern waren Heinrich Erndel (* 17. Juni 1638 zu Dresden, † 13. September 1693 zu Dresden),[1] auf Berreuth bei Dippoldiswalde und Mulda bei Freiberg, königlich polnischer & kursächsischer Leibarzt, verheiratet seit dem 4. September 1665 in Dresden mit Sophia Elisabeth Erndel geb. Ratke (* 8. Juli 1642 zu Dresden; † 10. Juni 1685 zu Berreuth), eine Tochter von Martin Ratke[2], Kurfürsten Johann Georg I. und II. zu Sachsen Geheimer Kammerdiener. Erndel’s Trauergedicht[3] für sein verstorbenen Vater lautet wie folgt: „Ich hab noch niemand nicht auff dieser Welt sehn sterben, Und muss es ach! Zu erst an meinem Vater sehen!“ Als Vollwaise erhielten er und sein Bruder, der spätere Generalmajor Christian Friedrich Erndel, als Vormund Johannes Seebisch (* 12. Dezember 1634 zu Zwickau; † 1700 zu Dresden), 1670 Archidiakon an der Kreuzkirche und 1697 Stadtprediger in Dresden.

Erndels väterlicher Großvater, Heinrich Erndel (* 7. April 1595 zu Regensburg; † 25. Juli 1646 zu Oschersleben, bestattet in der Kirche ebenda) war Leibarzt des Kurfürsten Johann Georg I. zu Sachsen. Urgroßvater Heinrich Erndel (getauft am 15. Juli 1569[4] in Regensburg; bestattet am 15. Juli 1623[5] in der Kirche zu Wolfenbüttel), Hofapotheker in Prag, erhielt von Rudolf II. Kaiser des HRR im Jahre 1617 ein Adelsdiplom.[6][7][8]Er war ein Schwager von Andreas Raselius Ambergensis, Ehemann von Maria Erndl. Heinrichs Vater Matthis „Mattäus“ Erndl war Inhaber des Apotheke am (Kohlen)Markt – später als „Mohrenapotheke“ bekannt in Regensburg, seit 1860 an die Ecke Pfluggasse/Alter Kornmarkt verlegt und nach 499 Jahren im Januar 2016 geschlossen wurde.

Als Schwager hatte Erndel:

   Johann George Seidel (* 18. Februar 1658 zu Zschopau; † 13. April 1739 zu Meißen), bestattet in der Kirche zu St. Afra[9], wo er als Diakon tätig gewesen ist, verheiratet mit Maria Sophia geb. Erndel;
   der Advokat Caspar Christian Kober, der ein Weinberg bei Kötzschenbroda besaß, heute genannt Minckwitzscher Weinberg, (* 9. Juli 1663 zu Naumburg; † 11. September 1738 zu Dresden, bestattet in der Kirche zu Kötzschenbroda), verheiratet in 1. Ehe mit Johanna Sophia geb. Erndel;
   Christian August Fischer († September 1739), königl. poln. & kursächs. Landrentmeister, Kammerassistenz- und Bergrat, verheiratet mit Christina Sophia geb. Erndel; und
   der königl. poln. & kursächs. bestallter Münz-Guardin des Obersächsischen-Kreises, Johann Georg Schomburg (* ca. 1672; † Oktober 1745 zu Dresden, bestattet[10] am 9. Oktober 1745 in der Sophienkirche ebenda) verheiratet mit Magdalena Sophia geb. Erndel.

Erndel war verheiratet mit Dorothee Salome N.N., sie ist in der Schloßgaße in Dresden gestorben und wurde in den Katakomben der Kirche zu unser lieben Frauen ebenda am 7. September 1755 bestattet. Sie war 48 Jahre alt und lebte über 21 Jahre als Witwe. Die Ehe war kinderlos.[11]

Ein Jahr und zwei Monate nach sein Vaters Tode immatrikulierte sich Christian Heinrich Erndelius Dresdensis[12] am 16. November 1694 in Wittenberg. Danach studierte er an der Universität Altdorf, wo er im Jahre 1699 immatrikulierte. [13]Am 10. Februar 1700 erschien an der Universität Leipzig seine Dissertation auf Latein: Dissertationem De Usu Historiae Naturalis Exotico-Geographicae In Medicina, Consensu Inclytissimae Facultatis Philosophicae Lipsiensis, Ad d. X. Februarii A.R.S. M.DCC. Publicae Eruditorum Censurae subiicit, Christianus Henricus Erndl/ Dresdensis ... Respondente Daniele Kießling/ Budissa-Lus.[14]Am 23. September 1701 hielt er in Leipzig seine Vorlesung pro loco zur Aufnahme in die medizinische Fakultät: Disp. med. ex veneno salutem sistens. [15] Danach erfolgte die Immatrikulation.[16]

Erndel war Leibarzt des polnischen Königs und des sächsischen Kurfürsten August der Starke. Er arbeitete in Dresden und Warschau.[17]

Erndel beschrieb seine Erfahrungen auf seiner Reise nach England und Holland auf Latein, Relatio de itinere suo Anglico et Batavo 1706–7 (Dresden 1710), übersetzt auf Englisch als The Relation of a Journey Into England and Holland, in the Years, 1706 and 1707. By a Saxon Physician. Er erzählte voller Begeisterung u. a. über seinen Verwandten Christoph Wilhad Hilcken (* 1664 in Hamburg; † 16. Dezember 1717 in Hamburg), Richter am Hamburger Niedergericht, Oberaltensekretär der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, und Mitglied der Fruchtbringenden Gesellschaft, den er in Hamburg besuchte. Im Jahre 1699 wurde Hilcken zum Testamentsvollstrecker des Professors am Akademischen Gymnasium Vincent Placcius (* 7. Februar 1642 in Hamburg; † 6. April 1699 in Hamburg; Jurist, Bibliothekar, Pädagoge, Philosoph und Schriftsteller) gewählt und übergab 1704 dessen Büchersammlung von 4.000 Bänden der Hamburger Stadt-Bibliothek. Hilckens Ehefrau, Christina Maria Hilcken geb. Daurer (geb. 4. Oktober 1686 in Stockholm; † 9. Juli 1715 in Hamburg), war eine Kusine 2. Grades Erndels.[18] Bei Hilcken lernte er auf der Reise auch den königlich-schwedischen Leibarzt Urbanus Hiarne kennen.

De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis rarissi wurde im Jahre 1716 von Erndel in Dresden veröffentlicht. Nachher übersiedelte Erndel nach Warschau. Neben der Sorge um die königliche Gesundheit führte Erndel in Warschau eine private Praxis und erforschte die Natur. Neben der allgemeinen Beschreibung der Stadt galt sein besonderes Interesse der Flora im Raum Warschau, insbesondere an den Weichselufern. Er sammelte seine langjährigen Beobachtungen und Beschreibungen der Natur in einem in Dresden im Jahre 1730 veröffentlichten Werk, Warsavia Physice Illustrata, Sive De Aere, Aquis, Locis Et Incolis Warsaviae, Eorundemque Moribus Et Morbis Tractatus ; Cui Annexum Est Viridarium, Vel Catalogus Plantarum Circa Warsaviam Nascentium [19]

Warsavia Physice illustrata war die erst zweite Abhandlung zu diesem Thema in der Geschichte. Das Pflanzenverzeichnis, das Erndel anfertigte, umfasst über 900 Arten. Eine der Passagen betrifft die ersten belegten paläontologischen Forschungen, die er am Weichselufer durchführte. Die Fossilien prähistorischer Tiere, die man damals entdeckte, wurden nach Dresden gebracht, wo sie den Kern einer der im Zwinger präsentierten Sammlungen bildeten. Auch beschrieb er seine Erlebnisse in Warschau in Begleitung von August dem Starken.

Im Jahre 1733 veröffentlichte Erndel De plantis circa thermos Teplicenes crescentibus, im dritten Band des Verfahrens der Akademie der Kuriosität der Natur, ein Katalog von Pflanzen die in der Nähe von Töplitz (Teplitz/Teplice in Böhmen) wachsen.

Erndel war auch der erste, der in Warschau systematische Wetterbeobachtungen anstellte. Die vier Jahre lang – von 1725 bis 1728 – täglich von ihm aufgezeichneten Luftdruck-, Temperatur-, Wind- und Bewölkungsmesswerte waren die ersten Statistiken dieser Art in der Geschichte der Stadt.[20]

1730 verließ Erndel Warschau und kehrte in seine Heimatstadt Dresden zurück. Am 17. März 1734 starb er an Blutsturz und wurde am 21. März 1734 im Fischer’schen Schwibbogen vor dem Wilsdruffer Tor auf der Alter Annenfriedhof bestattet.

Quelle: Wikipedia

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Christian Heinrich Erndel, Phys'n to August the Strong's Timeline

1676
1676
Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
1734
March 17, 1734
Age 58
Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
March 21, 1734
Age 58
Schwibbogen, St. Annen-Kirche, (demolished by Prussians in 1760, rebuilt), Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany