Elisabeth de France, duchessa di Parma

Full name

Marie Louise Élisabeth de France

Louise Elisabeth de Bourbon (1)

F, #105258, b. 14 August 1727, d. 6 December 1759

Last Edited=8 Jan 2009

Louise Elisabeth de Bourbon was born on 14 August 1727 at Versailles, Île-de-France, France. (1) She was the daughter of Louis XV, Roi de France and Marie Charlotte Sophie Leszczynska, Princess of Poland. (1)

She married Filippo di Borbone, Duca di Parma, son of Felipe V de Borbón, Rey de España and Isabella Elizabeth Farnese, on 25 October 1739 at Alcalá de Henares, Spain. (1) She married Filippo di Borbone, Duca di Parma, son of Felipe V de Borbón, Rey de España and Isabella Elizabeth Farnese, on 26 August 1739 at Versailles, Île-de-France, France, in a proxy marriage. (1)

She died on 6 December 1759 at age 32 at Versailles, Île-de-France, France. (1) She was buried at Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France.1

Children of Louise Elisabeth de Bourbon and Filippo di Borbone, Duca di Parma

-1. Maria Isabella di Borbone, Infanta de España+ b. 31 Dec 1741, d. 27 Nov 1763

-2. Ferdinando I di Borbone, Duca di Parma+ b. 20 Jan 1751, d. 9 Oct 1802

-3. Maria Luisa di Borbone, Principessa di Parma+3 b. 7 Dec 1751, d. 2 Jan 1819

Forrás / Source:

http://www.thepeerage.com/p10526.htm#i105258

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Louise-Élisabeth_of_France

Princess Louise-Élisabeth of France

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marie Louise Élisabeth (14 August 1727 – 6 December 1759) was the eldest daughter of King Louis XV of France and his Queen consort, Maria Leszczyńska, and the elder twin sister of Henriette-Anne. As the daughter of the king, she was a Fille de France. She married Philip de Bourbon, younger son of Philip V of Spain, and was later Duchess of Parma.

Early Life and Family

Élisabeth and her twin sister Henriette were born at Versailles. From her birth, she was known as Madame Première, but was called "Babette" by her father. Only one of her nine siblings was married – her younger brother, the dauphin Louis. Élisabeth was the eldest of the seven legitimate daughters born to Louis XV and the only one for whom a marriage was arranged. Among her younger sisters were the princesses Adélaïde and Victoire, both of whom would live to see the fall of the Ancien Régime under their nephew, Louis XVI.

While some of her younger sisters, like the princesses Sophie and Victoire, were sent off to be raised in convents, Élizabeth grew up at the Palace of Versailles.

[edit]Engagement and Marriage

Her prospective engagement to Philip of Bourbon was announced at court in February 1739. Philip was the third son of Louis' uncle, King Philip V of Spain, and his second wife, Queen Elizabeth Farnese. He was the third oldest of the Spanish king's surviving sons. This engagement followed a tradition of cementing military and political alliances between the Catholic powers of France and Spain with royal marriages.

The tradition went back to the marriage of King Philip II of Spain with the French princess, Élisabeth de Valois, the daughter of King Henry II of France, in 1559 as part of the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis. Despite this and the fact that Philip was her father's first cousin, the match was not well received at the French court, as there was little chance that Philip would become King of Spain.

Nevertheless, the 12-year-old Élisabeth was engaged by proxy on 26 August 1739, without having met her future husband, after which she was known as Madame Infante. After extravagant celebrations, she tearfully left Versailles, and her beloved twin sister, for Spain on 30 August. She finally met her 19-year-old husband at Alcalá de Henares, some 30 kilometers northeast of Madrid, and they were married on 25 October 1739. The marriage was not a happy one, but the couple had three children:

Isabella Maria of Parma (1741–1763)

Ferdinand of Parma (1751–1802)

Maria Louisa of Parma (1751–1819)

Through Élisabeth's daughter Maria Louisa, Louis XV is an ancestor of the Bourbons of Spain, the Bourbons of the Two Sicilies, and the House of Orleans.

Life in Spain

Court etiquette at the time of Élisabeth's arrival in Spain was much stricter than that in France, and the young Élisabeth found that her mother-in-law tried to dominate her. She spent much of her time playing with dolls and spoiling her daughter, Isabella, who was only 14 years younger than herself. Élisabeth wrote letters of her unhappiness to her father.

Philip's younger sister, Maria-Teresa, was married to Élisabeth's brother, Louis, Dauphin of France, in 1745.

Élisabeth as Duchess of Parma

Élisabeth was able to escape Spain in 1748. In the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which ended the War of the Austrian Succession, Empress Maria Theresa of Austria was forced to cede the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla to her enemy, Philip V of Spain. At Louis XV's instigation, Élisabeth and her husband became Duke and Duchess of Parma. Élisabeth returned to Versailles on 11 December 1748, en route to Parma, to thank her father. She stayed for almost a year, during which time she grew to know and understand Madame de Pompadour (unlike her mother, brother and sisters, who hated Louis' mistress).

During this first return visit to her native land, a courtier described Élisabeth as "charming" and as having "piercing eyes" that "express(ed) intelligence" while another, less sympathetic observer claimed she looked like a "well-endowed young woman, matured by motherhood"[1]. She moved on to Parma in October 1749, importing French court manners and cuisine.

Élisabeth's twin sister Henriette died in 1752, and Élisabeth returned to France in September to visit her tomb at Saint-Denis. She was expected to stay for only a few weeks, but remained in Versailles for almost a year.

Élisabeth was bored when she returned to Parma, and sought a wider realm to rule. She allied herself with Empress Maria Theresa, who promised Élisabeth the throne of the Netherlands, which had been returned to Austrian rule under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Élisabeth returned to France again in September 1757, hoping to marry her daughter Isabella to Archduke Joseph of Austria, the future Emperor Joseph II. They were married in 1760. Scandalous gossip linked Élisabeth to Bernis, an abbot she had known in Parma, but this receded when he fell out of favour and was banished.

King Ferdinand VI of Spain died without an heir in August 1759 and was succeeded by his younger (and Philip's older) brother Charles, who became Charles III of Spain. Although Philip and Élisabeth came one step closer to the throne of Spain, Charles' young family, including several sons, meant that there was still little chance of them reaching the Spanish throne.

[edit]Death

Élisabeth fell ill while she was at Versailles, and she died of smallpox on 6 December 1759. She was buried on 27 March 1760 at Saint-Denis, beside her twin sister, Henriette. Their tombs were later desecrated during the French Revolution.

References

^ Lévêque, Jean-Jacques. Versailles: The Palace of the Monarchy, The Museum of the Nation. Trans. Kirk McElhearn and Ellen Krabbe. Paris: ACR PocheCouler, 2000. Page 113.

This majority of this article is based on a translation of the equivalent article of the French Wikipedia on 6 November 2006

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Louise-%C3%89lisabeth_of_France

Princess Louise Élisabeth of France

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Louise Élisabeth

Louise Élisabeth de France, Duchess of Parma, in court dress, by Jean-Marc Nattier, (posthumous, 1761)

Duchess consort of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla

Tenure 18 October 1748 - 6 December 1759

Spouse Philip, Duke of Parma

Issue

Isabella, Archduchess of Austria

Ferdinand, Duke of Parma

Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain

Full name

Marie Louise Élisabeth de France

House House of Bourbon

Father Louis XV of France

Mother Maria Leszczyńska

Born 14 August 1727(1727-08-14)

Palace of Versailles, France

Died 6 December 1759 (aged 32)

Palace of Versailles, France

Burial Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, Paris, France

Signature

Louise Élisabeth de France[1][2][3](Marie Louise Élisabeth; 14 August 1727 – 6 December 1759) was the eldest daughter of King Louis XV of France and his Queen consort, Maria Leszczyńska, and the elder twin sister of Anne Henriette de France. As the daughter of the king, she was a Daughter of France (fille de France). She married Infante Philip, younger son of Philip V of Spain, and later became Duchess of Parma. In secondary sources she is referred also as "Louise Élisabeth of France"[4][5]

Contents

[show]

   * 1 Early life

* 2 Marriage
o 2.1 Children
o 2.2 Spain
o 2.3 Parma
o 2.4 Versailles
* 3 Ancestry
* 4 Titles, styles, honours and arms
o 4.1 Titles and styles
* 5 References
o 5.1 Notes
* 6 Further reading
[edit] Early life

Marie Louise Élisabeth de France and her twin sister Henriette de France were born at the Palace of Versailles on 14 August 1727 to Louis XV of France and his wife, the Polish born queen, Maria Leszczyńska. With her younger twin, she was baptised at Versailles on 27 April 1737. She was known at court as Madame Royale, Madame Première, Madame Élisabeth, and also as Babette within her family circle.

She was said to resemble her father and was his favourite daughter.

She was put in the care of Marie Isabelle de Rohan, duchesse de Tallard.

Élisabeth was raised at Versailles with her twin sister, Henriette, their younger sisters Marie-Louise, Marie Adélaïde, and their brother, the Dauphin. She was known to be very intelligent and a quick learner. She and her brother were the only ones who got married, and only Adélaïde and Victoire lived to see the fall of the Ancien Régime under the reign of their nephew, Louis XVI.

Unlike her younger sisters Sophie and Victoire, who were raised in the strict environment of the royal Abbey at Fontevraud, Élisabeth grew up within a loving family circle at Versailles.

[edit] Marriage

Her prospective engagement to the Infante Philip of Spain was announced at court in February 1739, when she was twelve years old. Philip was the third son of Louis XV's uncle, King Philip V of Spain, and of his second wife, Elizabeth of Parma, and was thus in line to the throne of Spain. He was the third oldest of the Spanish king's surviving sons.

This engagement followed a tradition of cementing military and political alliances between the Catholic powers of France and Spain with royal marriages. The tradition went back to 1559, when King Philip II of Spain married the daughter of King Henry II of France, Elisabeth of Valois, as one of the terms of the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis. Despite this and the fact that Philip was her father's first cousin, the announcement of the marriage agreement was not well received at the French court, as there was little chance that Philip would become King of Spain.

The twelve-year old Élisabeth was married by proxy on 26 August 1739, not having met her future husband beforehand. Afterwards, she was known as Madame Infante at the court of Louis XV. After magnificent celebrations, she tearfully left Versailles for Spain on 30 August, leaving behind her beloved twin sister.[citation needed]

She met her nineteen-year old husband some thirty kilometers northeast of Madrid, at Alcalá de Henares, where the marriage ceremony took place on 25 October 1739.

[edit] Children

Élisabeth with her eldest daughter Isabella in Fontainebleau, by Jean-Marc Nattier

Élisabeth with her husband and their children Ferdinand and Maria Luisa; Isabella is shown in a white dress; by Giuseppe Baldrighi

The marriage was not a happy one.[citation needed] The couple had three children:

   * Isabella Maria Luisa Antonietta Ferdinanda Giuseppina Saveria Dominica Giovanna (1741–1763) who later married the Austrian emperor, Joseph II, queen Marie Antoinette's older brother. All her children died in childhood.

* Ferdinand Maria Filippo Lodovico Sebastiano Francesco Giacomo (1751–1802) who succeeded his father as Duke of Parma in 1765 and married Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, his older sister's sister-in-law, and left issue.
* Luisa Maria Teresa Ana (1751–1819), known as Maria Luisa who married Infante Charles of Spain, her cousin, and later became the Queen consort of Spain. She left issue.
[edit] Spain

At the time of Élisabeth's arrival in Spain, etiquette at the Spanish Court was much stricter than that in Versailles, and, to make matters worse, Élisabeth discovered that her mother-in-law, Elisabeth of Parma, was domineering. As a result, she spent most of her time away from the Queen, playing with dolls. Élisabeth wrote of her unhappiness to her father. On 31 December 1741, at the age of fourteen, she gave birth to her first child, Isabella, who was named after the Queen, (Elisabeth is Isabel in Spanish).

In 1745, Philip's younger sister, Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, was married to Élisabeth's brother Louis, the Dauphin of France.

[edit] Parma

Élisabeth as Duchess of Parma, by Charles-André van Loo

Élisabeth was able to leave Spain in 1748. In the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) which ended the War of the Austrian Succession, Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa had to cede the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla to her enemy, Philip V of Spain. At Louis XV's instigation, Philip and Élisabeth became Duke and Duchess of Parma.

[edit] Versailles

En route to Parma, Élisabeth first went to Versailles where she arrived on 11 December 1748. She was thankful to her father for her husband's new duchy. During her several-month stay in Versailles, she became acquainted with Madame de Pompadour, her father's maîtresse-en-titre, and grew to like her, a fact that was not appreciated by her siblings. In July 1726, her sister-in-law, Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, wife of the Dauphin, died in childbirth. In January 1747, the Dauphin married Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony who became very close to Élisabeth.

Élisabeth in hunting dress, by Jean-Marc Nattier

During this first return visit to France, a courtier described Élisabeth as "charming" and as having "piercing eyes" that "express(ed) intelligence" while another, less sympathetic observer claimed she looked like a "well-endowed young woman, matured by motherhood"[6]. She arrived in Parma in October 1749, importing French court manners and cuisine. While in Parma, she and her husband lived in the beautiful Ducal Palace of Colorno redecorated in the new duchess's native French style. In 1751, she gave birth to her children Ferdinand and Maria Luisa, who became her favourite child.

Élisabeth's twin sister Henriette died in 1752, and Élisabeth returned to France in September to visit her tomb at Saint-Denis. She was expected to stay for only a few weeks, but remained in Versailles for almost a year.

Élisabeth was bored when she returned to Parma, and sought a wider realm to rule. She allied herself with Empress Maria Theresa, who promised Élisabeth the throne of the Southern Netherlands[citation needed] (now Belgium), which had been returned to Austrian rule under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Élisabeth returned to France again in September 1757, to arrange the marriage of her daughter Isabella to the Archduke Joseph of Austria, the future Emperor Joseph II. The marriage took place in 1760.

King Ferdinand VI of Spain died without an heir in August 1759 and was succeeded by his younger (and Philip's older) brother Charles, who became Charles III of Spain. Although Philip and Élisabeth came one step closer to the throne of Spain, Charles' young family, including several sons, meant that there was still little chance of them reaching the Spanish throne.

Élisabeth fell ill while she was at Versailles, and died of smallpox on 6 December 1759. She was buried on 27 March 1760 at Saint-Denis Basilica beside her twin sister, Henriette. Their tombs were desecrated in 1793, during the French Revolution.

Titles and styles

   * 14 August 1727 – 25 October 1739 Her Royal Highness Madame Royale

* 25 October 1739 - 18 October 1748 Her Royal Highness Doña Luisa Isabel, Infanta of Spain
* 18 October 1748 - 6 December 1759 Her Royal Highnes the Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla, Infanta of Spain
o In France the princess was informally known as Madame Infante.
[edit] References

  1. ^ Achaintre, Nicolas Louis, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de Bourbon, Vol. 2, (Publisher Mansut Fils, 4 Rue de l'École de Médecine, Paris, 1825), p. 154.

2. ^ American Historical Association, The American historical review, Volume 10, The Macmillan Company, 1905, 707.
3. ^ Pajol, Charles Pierre Victor, Les guerres sous Louis XV, Vol. 2, (Imprimeurs de L'Institut, Rue Jacob, Paris, 1883), 7: .. à Louise-Elisabeth de France, fille de Louis XV, née le 14 aout 1727, morte le 6 décembre 1759...
4. ^ Campbell Orr, C. (ed.) Queenship in Europe 1660-1815: the role of the consort. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004, pp. 166, 171.
5. ^ Hyde, M. and Milam, J. (eds.) Women, art and the politics of identity in eighteenth-century Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003, pp. 130, 132, 306.
6. ^ Lévêque, Jean-Jacques, Versailles: The Palace of the Monarchy, The Museum of the Nation, translated by Kirk McElhearn and Ellen Krabbe, ACR PocheCouler, Paris, 2000, p. 113.
[edit] Notes

   * The majority of this article is based on a translation of the equivalent article of the French Wikipedia on 6 November 2006

[edit] Further reading

   * Sanger, Ernest, Isabelle de Bourbon-Parme: la Princesse et la Mort, Racine, Brussels, 2002.

* Zieliński, Ryszard, Polka na francuskim tronie Czytelnik, 1978.
This page was last modified on 15 July 2010 at 13:25.