grand duke Giedrus of Giedraičiai

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grand duke Giedrus of Giedraičiai

Lithuanian: LDK Giedrius Romantaitis iš Giedraičių, Russian: ВКЛ Гедрус Романтович Гедройц, Polish: WXL Gedrus Romuntowicz Zawiliejski, Latin: primus dux Giedrus in Giedroycie
Also Known As: "of Gedraychay"
Birthdate:
Death:
Immediate Family:

Biological son of Wołk, Grand Prince of Lithuania, Samogitia and Ruthenia 1267 – 1270
Foster son of Wołk, Grand Prince of Lithuania, Samogitia and Ruthenia 1267 – 1270
Father of duke Ginvilas Giedroyc / Giedraitis
Brother of Trojden, King of Lithuania 1270 – 1281; grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285; grand duke Narymont of Kernavė; grand duke Traidenis of Aukstaitija and grand duke Alshas of Alshenay

Occupation: Prince of Giedroyty, founder of Giedraitis dynasty
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About grand duke Giedrus of Giedraičiai

The Second and Third Editions of the Lithuanian Chronicle relate that Giedrius, a brother of Grand Duke Traidenis of Lithuania (late 13th century), built a castle, named it Giedraičiai, and adopted the title Prince of Giedraičiai.

A document issued by Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania in the period 1399-1429 settled a dispute between the Bishop of Vilnius and the Princes of Giedraičiai. Numerous members of the family were recorded in the 15th and 16th centuries, and thereafter, with the title Prince.

The two lines of the family for which coherent genealogies are available (the family’s “central core”) descend from (i) Prince Aleksander (late 15th century) and (ii) Prince Bartłomiej (died in 1524).

The 1569 Act of Union inaugurating the Polish-Lithuanian Royal Commonwealth confirmed that, as previously in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuanian families of dynastic origin remained entitled to use the title Prince. Many subsequent Giedroyć family members, both of the Line of Aleksander and of the Line of Bartłomiej, were recorded with the title Prince – including several (of both Lines) whose right to the title was individually confirmed under Imperial Russian legislation of 1832. Other members did not seek such specific confirmation under the Russian Empire, but relied on confirmation of their noble status and princely origins under Russian legislation of 1801/3. The Imperial Russian heraldic authority classified these as “of the Princes”.

Some famous early bearers of the Giedroyć name are not included in the two Lines set out below:

Ø pre-dating the two Lines: Blessed Michał Giedroyć, buried in the church of St Mark in Cracow, where he lived most of his life as a hermit renowned for gifts of prophecy and miracles; died in 1485.

Ø brothers of Kacper-Dowmont (grandson of the eponymous Bartłomiej in the Line of Bartłomiej below): Melchior Giedroyć (c1536-1609, Bishop of Samogitia and champion of the Lithuanian language and culture) and Martin-Dowmont Giedroyć (died 1621, Palatine of Mstislaw).

Armorial bearings:

The Second Edition of the Lithuanian Chronicle records that a centaur was the armorial charge of the forebears of Giedrus. A decree issued in 1401 by Władisław Jagiello, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, confirms the right of Prince Michał Giedroyć vel. Ratybor (baptized c.1387) to the arms Hippocentaurus “as used by his illustrious grandfather" Ginwill (2nd Duke of Giedrojcie and candidate to the grand ducal office of Lithuania).

But the earliest surviving illustrated Giedroyć armorial charge is a rose, on seals attached to state documents of 1431-4 .

Through the 17th and 18th centuries, the centaur was used predominantly by most members of the family, sometimes in combination with the rose; while the descendants of Mikołaj (generation (e) in the Line of Bartłomiej below) continued to use the rose alone. But the centaur (sometimes with the rose, sometimes without) predominates in all the 19th century Russian records, even for the descendants of Mikołaj.

О ВКЛ Гедрусе Романтовиче Гедройце (русский)

Ге́друс — легендарный литовский князь.

Согласно легендарной части второй и третьей редакций белорусско-литовских летописей, четвёртый сын великого князя литовского Романа Гилигиновича, родной брат Тройдена, последнего из династии Дорспрунгов. После отца получил в удел Гедройтское княжество, распространявшееся от реки Вилии до Западной Двины и до границы Латышской земли. Владение это с XIII до начала XV века составляло отдельную область князей Гедройтских. В 40 верстах от нынешнего города Вильна Гедрус якобы выстроил над озером Кемонт замок Гедроты, развалины которого были ещё видны в конце XVII века. По легенде, умер в 1282 году, оставив малолетнего сына Гинвила. В настоящее время сведения белорусско-литовских летописей по этому периоду считаются крайне недостоверными.

Предполагается, что сведения о Гедрусе были намеренно включены в состав летописей для обоснования древности рода Гедройцев, называвших себя потомками Гедруса.

Примечания:

  • Гедрус // Вялікае Княства Літоўскае. Энцыкладедыя у 3 т. — Мн.: БелЭн, 2010. — Т. 3: Дадатак А — Я. — С. 165. — 690 с. — ISBN 978-985-11-0487-7.

Литература:

  • Леонтович, Очерк. Ист. литовско-русского права. Образов. Территор. Лит. Государства (1894, стр. 43 и 44)
  • Wolf, Kniaziowie Litewsko Ruscy, (стр. 65).

Гедройцы - княжеский род, происходящий от князей Гедройтских (см. Гедрос, Гедрус ), которые, по утрате владетельных прав во времена Витовта , стали именоваться князьями Гедройцы. К роду князей Гедройцы принадлежит Святой Довмонт-Тимофей, князь псковский. К этому же роду принадлежит Михаил Гедройц (см.). Род князей Гедройц утвержден в княжеском российской империи достоинстве со внесением в V часть родословных книг по губерниям Виленской, Тверской, Новгородской. Существует, кроме того, целый ряд дворянских родов Гедройц, записанных в VI и I части родословных книг Виленской и Минской губерний.