Gytha of Wessex, Grand Princess consort of Kievan Rus

Gyda, daughter of Harold Godwinsson and Eadgyth Swanneshals

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20&%20Danish%...

GYTHA ([1050/55]-). Gytha is named as King Harold's daughter in Fagrskinna, which also states that she married "Valldimar Konongr sun Iarozlæifs konongs I Holmgarde". Morkinskinna records that the mother of “Haraldr Valdimarsson”, father of Malmfrid who married Sigurd King of Norway, was “Edith the daughter of Harold Godwinson” and that her husband was “the son of King Yaroslav and Ingigerdr, the daughter of Óláfr the Swede” (although this skips a generation in the generally accepted genealogy of the Rurikids)[2068]. According to Saxo Grammaticus, after her father's death she and her two brothers "immediately emigrated to Denmark" where Svend II Estrithsen King of Denmark "received them in a spirit of family duty" and arranged her marriage to "Waldemarus King of the Russians"[2069]. Her estimated birth date range is based on the birth dates of her supposed children and the estimated date of her husband's second marriage. The husband of Gytha has generally been identified as Grand Prince Vladimir "Monomach"[2070], but Morkinskinna appears to be the only source which suggests that this is correct. Baumgarten cites no Russian source which corroborates the marriage[2071], although his work is particularly thorough in its source citations. In addition, it is surprising that no single name from Gytha's family was used among the known descendants of Grand Prince Vladimir. While it is true that the Rurikid dynasty rarely imported foreign names for the male descendants, it was not unusual for females to bear names which are recognisable from the families of foreign princesses who married into the family, the obvious example being the Scandinavian name Ingeborg used by Vladimir's son Mstislav for his daughter by Christina of Sweden. It is probable that Gytha herself would not have been considered a good marriage prospect at the time: her mother was obscure, she herself was illegitimate, her father had been killed ignominiously, her family lived in exile without influential connections, and her brothers had fallen into complete obscurity. If a Russian marriage was arranged for her, it is more likely that her husband was one of the lesser princes of the dynasty. The fact that the Scandinavian sources consistently propose a name similar to Vladimir should not be viewed as conclusive, as the difficult Russian first names were frequently transcribed into contemporary western sources with more creativity than accuracy. The inevitable, if disappointing, conclusion is that this Russian marriage of Gytha's should be viewed with caution.

[m ([1070]%29 as his first wife, VLADIMIR Vsevolodich of Pereiaslavl and Suzdal, son of VSEVOLOD Iaroslavich Prince of Pereiaslavl and Suzdal [later VSEVOLOD I Grand Prince of Kiev] & his first wife Maria [Irina] of Byzantium (1053-19 May 1125). He succeeded 1077 as Prince of Smolensk, 1078 as Prince of Chernigov, and 1113 as VLADIMIR "Monomach" Grand Prince of Kiev.]

Gyda Haraldsdatter levde fra 1085 til 1132. Hun var datter av Kong Harald II Godwinson av England og Edgyth Swan-neck.

Gyda giftet seg med Storfyrste Vladimir II Monomakh av Novgorod omkring 1070. De hadde barna.:

1. Storfyrste Mstislav I av Novgorod. FÃ?dt 1076. DÃ?d 15.04.1132.

2. Fyrste Vesvolod II av Novgorod. FÃ?dt 1099. DÃ?d 11.02.1136.

Gyda benevnes "Gyda den gamle" av Snorre Sturlasson, han oppgir at hun var datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. Hennes mor var antagelig Edgyth Swan-neck (Svanehals).

Fra Snorre Storlasson: MagnussÃ?nnenes saga:"20. Kong Sigurd ble gift med Malmfrid, datter til kong Harald Valdemarsson Ã?st fra Holmgard. Mor til kong Harald var Gyda den gamle, datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. ... ". 1)

1). Snorre Sturlasson: MagnussÃ?nnenes saga, avsnitt 20. Mogens Bugge: VÃ?re forfedre, nr. 556. Bent og Vidar Billing Hansen: Rosensverdslektens forfedre, side 89.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gytha_of_Wessex updated June 2020

Gytha of Wessex (born c. 1053/1061 - died 1098 or 1107;[1] Old English: Gȳð) was one of several daughters of Harold Godwinson, the last Anglo-Saxon King of England, by his consort, Edyth Swannesha. Through marriage to Vladimir II Monomakh Gytha became a Grand Princess consort of Kievan Rus.[2]

Life

According to the thirteenth-century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, after the death of their father Harold Godwinson (d. 1066), Gytha and two of her brothers (probably Magnus, son of Harold Godwinson and one of Godwin and Edmund) escaped to the court of their first cousin once-removed, King Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark.[3] The two brothers were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, Magnus entering into high-level service with Bolesław II the Generous while their sister was married to Waldemar, King of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.[4] This took place in 1069/1070 when Bolesław restored Grand Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev and Gertruda (Bolesław's aunt) to power after they had been deposed. Gytha's role in Vladimir’s rule isn't documented. Vladimir explained in a book of 'Instructions' (Pouchenie) for his sons, written in the twelfth-century: “Love your wives, but grant them no power over you.”[5] In his book, Vladimir also mentioned Yuri mother's recent death.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald, after his grandfather. The patericon of St. Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" (Gida regina) died as a nun on 10 March.[6] A year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

Children

With Vladimir, Gytha had several children, including:[7]

• Mstislav the Great (1076–1132)
• Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk († 6 September 1096)
• Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav († 16 March 1114)
• Yaropolk II of Kiev († 18 February 1139)
• Viacheslav I of Kiev († 2 February 1154)

Legacy

Through her son Yuri Dolgorukiy she was an ancestor of all major Rurik rulers in Russian history, including Alexander Nevsky, Ivan I Kalita, Dmitry Donskoy, Ivan III the Great and Ivan IV the Terrible.
Through her son Mstislav the Great she was an ancestor of both Philippa of Hainault and King Edward III of England, hence of all subsequent English and British monarchs. According to Russian politician and historian Vladimir Medinsky, Gytha was a significant influence on Monomakh's public relations: "Knyaz's English wife wasn't wasted". As a source, Medinsky quotes M. P. Akekseev's comparative analysis between Monomakh writings' and Alfred the Great's, and other anonymous then contemporary Anglo-Saxon texts.[8]

Family trees

House of Wessex family tree
Godwin family tree Cnut the Great's family tree

References

1. Mason, House of Godwine, p. 201.
2. Zajac, 'Marriage,' p. 722.
3. Mason, House of Godwine, p. 199.
4. Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, vol. 2, 798– 801; Mason, House of Godwine, p. 200.
5. Zajac, ‘The social-political roles of the princess,’ p. 125, citing The Povĕst’ Vremennykh Lĕt: An Interlinear Collation and Paradosis, ed., D. Ostrowski , 3 vols. (Cambridge, MA , 2003), vol. 3, 1917.
6. Necrologium Sanctis Pantalaeonis Coloniensis, p. 18 (VI ides of March).
7. Mason, House of Godwine, p. 200.
8. Medinsky, Vladimir (2011). Особенности национального пиара [Peculiarities of the national PR] (in Russian). OLMA Media Group. p. 164. ISBN 9785373040495. Russian: Не зня женой князя была англичанка, romanized: Ne zrya zhenoy knyazia byla anglichianka

Sources

• Necrologium Sanctis Pantalaeonis Coloniensis, in Rheinische Urbare: Sammlung von Urbaren und anderen Quellen zur rheinischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte (Bonn, 1902), vol. 1.
• Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum: The History of the Danes, 2 vols. (Oxford, 2015).
• E. Mason, The House of Godwine: The History of a Dynasty (London, 2004).
• T. Zajac, 'Marriage Impediments in Canon Law and Practice: Consanguinity Regulations and the Case of Orthodox-Catholic Intermarriage in Kyivan Rus, ca. 1000 – 1250,' in Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Congress of Medieval Canon Law, Toronto, 5-11 August 2012, ed. Joseph Goering, Stephan Dusil, and Andreas Thier (Vatican City, 2016), pp. 711-29.
• T. Zajac, ‘The social-political roles of the princess in Kyivan Rus’, ca. 945-1240,’ in E. Woodacre, ed., A Global Companion to Queenship (Leeds, 2018), pp. 125-146.

External link

S. Lewis, 'Gytha of Wessex, an Anglo-Saxon Russian Princess', blogpost

Further reading

Alexander Nazarenko. Древняя Русь на международных путях. Moscow, 2001. ISBN 5-7859-0085-8. (Russian)

Gytha av England, eller Gytha av Wessex, född 1053, 1055 eller 1060, död den 10 mars 1098 eller den 7 maj 1107, var saxisk prinsessa, dotter till Harald II av England. Efter det att hennes far besegrats i slaget vid Hastings år 1066 reste Gytha till Ryssland och gifte sig med storfurst Vladimir II av Kievriket. Hon var mor bland annat till Vladimirs arvtagare Mstislav I. Hon dog antingen i Palestina den 10 mars 1098 sedan hon följt med Gottfrid av Bouillon på det första korståget, eller den 7 maj 1107 i Kiev. Hon ligger begravd i Sankta Sofiakatedralen i Kiev.

Gyda Haraldsdatter levde fra 1085 til 1132. Hun var datter av Kong Harald II Godwinson av England og Edgyth Swan-neck.

Gyda giftet seg med Storfyrste Vladimir II Monomakh av Novgorod omkring 1070. De hadde barna.:

1. Storfyrste Mstislav I av Novgorod. Født 1076. Død 15.04.1132.

2. Fyrste Vesvolod II av Novgorod. Født 1099. Død 11.02.1136.

Gyda benevnes "Gyda den gamle" av Snorre Sturlasson, han oppgir at hun var datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. Hennes mor var antagelig Edgyth Swan-neck (Svanehals).

Fra Snorre Storlasson: Magnussønnenes saga:"20. Kong Sigurd ble gift med Malmfrid, datter til kong Harald Valdemarsson øst fra Holmgard. Mor til kong Harald var Gyda den gamle, datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. ...". 1)

1). Snorre Sturlasson: Magnussønnenes saga, avsnitt 20. Mogens Bugge: Våre forfedre, nr. 556. Bent og Vidar Billing Hansen: Rosensverdslektens forfedre, side 89.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Familj med Vladimir II Monomak av Kiev (1053 - 1125)

Vigsel: omkring 1070 1)

Barn:

Mstislav I av Kiev (1076 - 1132)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Källor

1)  Directory of Royal Genealogical Data, Hull, England

Gytha of Wessex

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gytha of Wessex was one of several daughters of Ealdgyth Swan-neck by Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.

According to Saxo Grammaticus, two of Harold's sons and a daughter escaped to the court of their uncle, king Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark. They were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, while their sister was married to Waldemar, king of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald after his grandfather. The pateric of St Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" died as a nun on 10 March. It is assumed that she followed Godfrey of Bouillon in the first Crusade and died in Palestine, most likely in 1098, as a year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

[edit]Children

Their children were:

Mstislav the Great (1076-1132)

Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk (+September 6, 1096)

Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav (+March 16, 1114)

Yaropolk II of Kiev (+February 18, 1139)

Viacheslav I of Kiev (+February 2, 1154)

[edit]References

Gyda benevnes «Gyda den gamle» av Snorre Sturlasson, han oppgir at hun var datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. Hennes mor var antagelig Edgyth Swan-neck (Svanehals).

Fra Snorre Storlasson: Magnussønnenes saga:

«20. Kong Sigurd ble gift med Malmfrid, datter til kong Harald Valdemarsson øst fra Holmgard. Mor til kong Harald var Gyda den gamle, datter til den engelske kongen Harald Gudinesson. ...».

Tekst: Tore Nygaard

Kilder:

Snorre Sturlasson: Magnussønnenes saga, avsnitt 20. Mogens Bugge: Våre forfedre, nr. 556. Bent og Vidar Billing Hansen: Rosensverdslektens forfedre, side 89.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gytha_of_Wessex

Gytha of Wessex

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Gytha of Wessex (Old English: Gȳð) was one of several daughters of Edith Swanneck by Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.

According to Saxo Grammaticus, two of Harold's sons and a daughter escaped to the court of their uncle, king Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark. They were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, while their sister was married to Waldemar, king of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald after his grandfather. The pateric of St Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" died as a nun on 10 March. It is assumed that she followed Godfrey of Bouillon in the first Crusade and died in Palestine, most likely in 1098, as a year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

[edit] Children

Their children were:

  1. Mstislav the Great (1076–1132)

2. Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk (†September 6, 1096)
3. Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav (†March 16, 1114)
4. Yaropolk II of Kiev (†February 18, 1139)
5. Viacheslav I of Kiev (†February 2, 1154)
[edit] Family Trees

   * House of Wessex family tree

* Godwin family tree
* Canute's family tree
[edit] References

This page was last modified on 20 May 2010 at 04:01.

Gytha of Wessex was one of several daughters of Ealdgyth Swan-neck by Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.

According to Saxo Grammaticus, two of Harold's sons and a daughter escaped to the court of their uncle, king Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark. They were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, while their sister was married to Waldemar, king of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald after his grandfather. The pateric of St Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" died as a nun on 10 March. It is assumed that she followed Godfrey of Bouillon in the first Crusade and died in Palestine, most likely in 1098, as a year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

Their children were:

Mstislav the Great (1076-1132)
Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk (+September 6, 1096) Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav (+March 16, 1114) Yaropolk II of Kiev (+February 18, 1139) Viacheslav I of Kiev (+February 2, 1154)

According to Saxo Grammaticus, two of Harold's sons and a daughter escaped to the court of their uncle, king Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark. They were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, while their sister was married to Waldemar, king of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald after his grandfather. The pateric of St Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" died as a nun on 10 March. It is assumed that she followed Godfrey of Bouillon in the first Crusade and died in Palestine, most likely in 1098, as a year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

Children

Their children were:

Mstislav the Great (1076-1132) Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk (+September 6, 1096) Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav (+March 16, 1114) Yaropolk II of Kiev (+February 18, 1139) Viacheslav I of Kiev (+February 2, 1154) References

Gytha of Wessex (Old English: Gȳð) was one of several daughters of Edith Swanneck by Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.

According to Saxo Grammaticus, two of Harold's sons and a daughter escaped to the court of their uncle, king Sweyn Estridsson of Denmark. They were treated by Sweyn with hospitality, while their sister was married to Waldemar, king of Ruthenia, i.e. Vladimir II Monomakh, one of the most famous rulers of Kievan Rus.

Gytha was the mother of Mstislav the Great, the last ruler of united Kievan Rus. In the Norse sagas, Mstislav is called Harald after his grandfather. The pateric of St Pantaleon Cloister in Cologne says that "Gytha the Queen" died as a nun on 10 March.

It is assumed that she followed Godfrey of Bouillon in the first Crusade and died in Palestine, most likely in 1098, as a year later Vladimir Monomakh married another woman.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gytha_of_Wessex

• Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:52:07 UTC

Alexander Nazarenko. Древняя Русь на международных путях. Moscow, 2001. ISBN 5-7859-0085-8.

   * Alexander Nazarenko. Древняя Русь на международных путях. Moscow, 2001. ISBN 5-7859-0085-8.

Alexander Nazarenko. Древняя Русь на международных путях. Moscow, 2001. ISBN 5-7859-0085-8.