Lawrence Arthur Jones

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Arthur_Jones

Lawrence Arthur Jones (1910-1996) was a twentieth century African-American artist and printmaker. Born in Lynchburg, Virginia, Jones spent most of his career as an art teacher in Louisiana, Georgia, and Mississippi. He was a contemporary of the prominent black artists Charles White and Eldzier Cortor. Jones's most notable accomplishment is his establishment of a fine arts program at Jackson State University in Mississippi.

Though Jones is best known as an arts educator, his work is present in a number of important institutions and museums. Many of his murals on campuses throughout the South still remain. His oeuvre features prints, paintings, and murals that tend to focus on the history of African-Americans in the United States. His figurative artwork often depicts the oppression of black people across various time periods and geographic contexts. Jones portrayed slavery in the South and urban poverty in the North in many paintings, murals, and prints.

Life and career

Lawrence Arthur Jones was born in 1910 in Lynchburg, Virginia, the oldest of 12 siblings. An interesting point of pride for the Jones family was that they claimed to be descendants of Sally Hemings, a slave on Thomas Jefferson's plantation. Jones grew up fairly poor, but from an early age he displayed a keen talent for drawing. In high school, Jones attended a segregated school that was underfunded and did not have an art department. However, despite Dunbar High School's deficient program, Lawrence found artistic opportunity drawing charts, sketches, and decorations for the high school. In 1927, Lawrence's senior year of high school, the famous Harlem poet James Weldon Johnson spoke at Dunbar High School. During Johnson's stay in Lynchburg, Jones showed the poet his drawings, and Johnson was so impressed with the young artist's work that he suggested that Jones pursue further education in art after graduating high school.

Due to Jim Crow laws in Virginia, Jones was not able to attend art school in Virginia and instead registered at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1934. To pay tuition Jones worked and raised money from members of his local community who were supportive and wanted to see his artistic talent realized. The Virginia state senator Carter A. Glass even wrote on Jones's behalf. His community in Lynchburg was able to raise about 700 dollars. This was not all together enough to pay for a full term at the Art Institute of Chicago, so Jones briefly worked as a busboy in Albany, NY. Upon his arrival in Chicago in 1932, Jones also worked a short period for the WPA/FAP to raise the rest of the money for his education. Jones attended the Art Institute of Chicago from 1934 to 1936 and befriended the accomplished artists and fellow Chicago Institute students Charles White, Frank Neal, and Eldzier Cortor. Throughout the 1930s Chicago had a rapidly growing African-American arts community and Lawrence Jones was involved in creating the first black community art center in Chicago, the South Side Community Art Center. While studying in Chicago, Jones also worked in the art studios at Hull House where he met Gertrude Stein. Like James Weldon Johnson, Stein was impressed by Jones's artistic talent.

Teaching career

Dillard University

Jones did not complete his degree at the Art Institute of Chicago and left to teach painting at Dillard University in New Orleans in 1936. Though it is generally recorded that Elizabeth Catlett is responsible for starting the art department at Dillard, Jones contended that he actually started the program, but could not be credited because he technically did not have a degree yet. Jones taught and studied at Dillard from 1936 to 1940 and attained a bachelor's degree in dramatic arts from the university. Before leaving Dillard, Jones was awarded a Rosenwald Fellowship to study at the famed Taller de Gráfica Popular in Mexico.

Taller de Gráfica Popular and Fort Valley State University

At the Taller de Gráfica Popular in Mexico, Jones learned how to make woodcut and linocut prints and mingled with visiting artists like Diego Rivera and José Orozco. Jones left Mexico in 1941 to teach at Fort Valley State College in Georgia. One of the students he taught was Benny Andrews, who would go on to become an accomplished African-American artist. In 1942, during WWII, Jones was drafted into the American army and stationed at Fort McClellan in Alabama. In the army Jones became an illustrator and painted the mural "Negro Work and Life in Georgia" at Fort McClellan. The Mural depicted rural life in the south for black farmers. Jones was discharged from the Army in 1946 and returned to his teaching position at Fort Valley State University.

Jackson State University

In 1949 Jones left Georgia to start a new art department at Jackson State University in Mississippi. Teaching at Jackson State until the 1970s, Jones drastically expanded the University's art department to include ceramics, drama, art history, and interior design. One of his students at Jackson State University was the fashion designer Patrick Kelly.

University of Mississippi

From 1970 to 1971 took a sabbatical from Jackson State University to get his MFA from the University of Mississippi. While studying to attain his MFA, Jones taught drawing at Ole Miss, where he was one of two black instructors at the time.

Awards and honors

1940 - Fellowship from the Rosenwald Fund to study printmaking at the Taller de Gráfica Popular

1963 - Jones's painting "Past, Present, Future" wins first honorable mention at the Atlanta University annual art show.

1964 - "Past, Present, Future" wins the Karl Douglas Trophy and second place painting at the Chicago Centennial Show of Black Progress.

Awarded Carnegie Fellowship to study pottery.

Selected collections and Artworks

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Arthur_Jones#Selected_collec...

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Artist Lawrence Arthur Jones was born in 1910 in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Napoleon Jones and Nanni Hemings Jones, a descendant of Thomas Jefferson’s slave, Sally Hemings. He believed his ancestry earned him special privileges, including access to the Lynchburg public library; art studies with Sally Mahood, a local white artist; and mentoring from poet Anne Spencer. Jones studied at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago from 1934 to 1936, enrolling with letters of reference from poet James Weldon Johnson and Virginia senator and secretary of the US Treasury Carter Glass. Jones served as artist in residence at Jane Addams’s Hull House in Chicago before leaving for New Orleans to establish and head the art department at Dillard University. His Art Institute degree incomplete, Jones was required to enroll at Dillard from 1937 to 1940 while teaching art. He also produced prints for the Works Progress Administration’s Federal Arts Project.

Jones painted his first mural, Negro Homemaking in Georgia (ca. 1940–41), for Georgia’s Fort Valley State College. He won a Rosenwald Fellowship in 1941 and used it to study in Mexico, associating with the Taller de Gráfica Popular. Jones was drafted into the US Army, designed training aids, and painted Courage, Fraternity, Strength, a mural for the Fort McClellan Enlisted Men’s Service Club. Returning to the School of the Art Institute in 1946, Jones met architect Frank Lloyd Wright and toured his Wisconsin home, Taliesen. Jones then returned to Fort Valley State College, where he founded the art department; met and married María Luisa Ramírez of Cienfuegos, Cuba; and befriended artist Benny Andrews. In 1947 Jones painted The Rape of Ethiopia, which protested Italian expansionism and dominion in Africa. As in many of Jones’s major works, this painting is layered with symbolism emphasizing humankind’s inhumanity.

In 1949 Jones moved to Mississippi to establish and head the art department at Jackson College for Negro Teachers (now Jackson State University). In 1957 his painting Many Years of Growth won honorable mention at Atlanta University’s annual exhibition. In 1964 his triptych Past, Present, and Future (1962–63) took second in the painting category at the Chicago Centennial Show of Black Progress. The triptych is an allegory of the black experience in America and Jones’s guarded hopes for the future of the race. He painted murals for Jackson churches, Jackson State University (1976–78), and Morris Brown College in Atlanta (1982) as well as collaborated with high school students on a portable mural for Jackson’s Smith Robertson Museum (1983).

Jones earned a master’s degree in art education from the University of Mississippi (1970–71) and visited Ghana, Nigeria, Togo, and the Republic of Benin with the Educators to Africa Association in 1974. He produced prints throughout his career, including Disasters of War (1971) and Mammy Wagon (1981). Jones retired from Jackson State University in 1978 and died in Jackson in 1996.