Louis Antoine d'Artois, duc d’Angoulême

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angouleme [46 languages]

Louis Antoine of France, Duke of Angoulême, sometimes known as Louis XIX (6 August 1775 – 3 June 1844), was the elder son of Charles X of France and the last Dauphin of France from 1824 to 1830. He was disputedly King of France and Navarre for less than 20 minutes as Louis XIX before he himself abdicated, due to his father's abdication during the July Revolution in 1830. He never reigned over the country, but after his father's death in 1836, he was the legitimist pretender to the French throne.

He was a petit-fils de France at birth, and was initially known as Louis Antoine d'Artois. After his father's accession to the throne, he became Dauphin de France, and his surname changed to de France, following the royal custom for princes with such rank.

1. Early life
2. Military service
3. Flight to Britain and return
4. July Revolution

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Node fixed by merge conflicts in 2020
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has an 2011 wrong unknown wife, and unknown son
who zigzags to the Uruguayan admin not active anymore.

Cutted in 2023 after 3 years of waiting for explanations