Max Reinhardt

Max Reinhardt (September 9, 1873-October 30, 1943) was an Austrian-born American stage and film actor and director.

Biography. Max Reinhardt was born Maximilian Goldmann, of Jewish ancestry, in Baden bei Wien, Austria-Hungary. From 1902 until the beginning of Nazi rule in 1933, he worked as a director at various theaters in Berlin. From 1905 to 1930 he managed the Deutsches Theater ("German Theatre") in Berlin and, in addition, the Theater in der Josefstadt in Vienna from 1924 to 1933. By employing powerful staging techniques, and harmonising stage design, language, music and choreography, Reinhardt introduced new dimensions into German theatre.

The Max Reinhardt Seminar in Vienna, which is arguably the most important German-language acting school, was installed implementing his ideas. Siegfried Jacobsen wrote Max Reinhardt in 1910. In 1920, Reinhardt established the Salzburg Festival with Richard Strauss and Hugo von Hofmannsthal, notably directing an annual production of the morality play Everyman about God sending Death to summon a representative of mankind for judgment. After the anschluss of Austria to Nazi-governed Germany in 1938, he emigrated first to England, then to the United States, where he had already successfully directed his own play The Miracle in 1924, and a popular stage version of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream in 1927. Reinhardt followed that success by directing a film version in 1935 using a mostly different cast, that included James Cagney, Mickey Rooney, Joe E. Brown and Olivia de Havilland, among others. Mickey Rooney and Ms. de Havilland had also appeared in Reinhardt's 1934 stage production, which was staged at the Hollywood Bowl. The Nazis banned the film because of the Jewish ancestry of both Reinhardt and Felix Mendelssohn, whose music (arranged by Erich Korngold) was used throughout the film.

Reinhardt also opened the Reinhardt School of the Theatre in Hollywood, on Sunset Boulevard. Several notable stars of the day received classical theater training, among them actress Nanette Fabray. In 1940 he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. At that time, he was married to his second wife, actress Helene Thimig.

Max Reinhardt and film. Max Reinhardt signing a film treaty with the US film producer Curtis Melnitz in Berlin, 1930. Reinhardt was much more interested in film than most of his contemporaries in theater. He made films as a director and from time to time also as a producer. His first staging for the film was Sumurûn (1910). After that, Reinhardt founded his own film company. He was chosen to direct the film adaptation Das Mirakel (1912). Controversies around the staging of Mirakel, which was shown in the Vienna Rotunde in 1912, led to Reinhardt's retreat from the project. The author of the play, Reinhardt's friend and confidant Karl Vollmoeller, won the French director Michel-Antoine Carré to finish the shooting.

Reinhardt made the films Die Insel der Seligen and Eine venezianische Nacht for the German film producer Paul Davidson, in 1913 and 1914. Both films meant a lot of work for Reinhardt's cameraman Karl Freund, as Reinhardt also demanded special shootings like that of a lagoon in the moonlight. Die Insel der Seligen was praised by the critics above all for Reinhardt's work on the clearness of expression and a vivid play of the features. The film attracted attention through its erotic acting. Its ancient mythical setting included sea gods, nymphs, and fauns, and the actors appeared naked. The part playing in the present fit the strict customs of the time of the late German resp. Austrian monarchy. The actors had to live up to the demands of double roles. Wilhelm Diegelmann and Willy Prager played the bourgeois fathers as well as the sea gods, Ernst Matray a bachelor and a faun, Leopoldine Konstantin the Circe. The shooting for Eine venezianische Nacht by Karl Gustav Vollmoeller took place in Venice. Maria Carmi played the bride, Alfred Abel the young stranger, and Ernst Matray Anselmus and Pipistrello. The shooting was disturbed by a fanatic who incited the attendant Venetians against the German speaking staff.

In 1935, Reinhardt directed his first film in the US, A Midsummer Night's Dream. He founded the drama schools Hochschule für Schauspielkunst „Ernst Busch“ in Berlin and the Max Reinhardt Seminar. Many alumni of these schools made their career in film.

Death. Reinhardt died in New York City in 1943 and is interred at Westchester Hills Cemetery in Hastings-on-Hudson, Westchester County, New York. His son, Gottfried Reinhardt, was a well-regarded film producer. One of his grandsons (by adoption), Stephen Reinhardt, is a labor lawyer who has served notably on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit since his appointment by Jimmy Carter in 1980. Another grandson, Michael Reinhardt is a successful fashion photographer.

The mausoleum of Max Reinhardt in Westchester Hills Cemetery; see at (FindAGrave).

Work on Broadway:

• Sumurun (pantomime) (1912) - Leader of the Deutsches Theater of Berlin on a New York tour
• The Miracle (1924) - Co-playwright and Director
• A Midsummer Night's Dream (revival) (1927) - Producer
• Jederman (1927) - Co-producer
• Peripherie (1928) - Playwright
• Redemption (revival) (1928) - Director
• The Eternal Road (1937) - Director*
• The Merchant of Yonkers (1938), Thornton Wilder's play, later rewritten as "The Matchmaker".
• Sons and Soldiers (1943) - Producer and Director
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Eternal_Road_(opera)

Films:

• A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935)
• Das Mirakel (1912)

מקס ריינהרדט

' (Max Reinhardt;‏ 9 בספטמבר 1873 - 30 באוקטובר 1943) היה במאי, שחקן תיאטרון, מנהל אמנותי ומפיק קולנוע אוסטרי-יהודי משפיע.

תוכן עניינים 1 חייו 2 יצירות נבחרות 2.1 מחזות 2.2 סרטי קולנוע שביים 2.3 אחר 3 קישורים חיצוניים חייו ריינהרדט נולד כמקסימיליאן גולדמן למשפחה ממוצא יהודי בעיר באדן שליד וינה ב-9 בספטמבר 1873. בשנת 1902 החל ריינהרדט לעבוד כבמאי וכמנהל במספר תיאטראות בברלין ומחוצה לה, עד שנת 1933, עת תפסו הנאצים את השלטון בגרמניה. תוך הפעלת טכניקות בימוי ייחודיות של שפה מוזיקה וכוריאוגרפיה, הכניס ריינהרדט ממד חדש בתיאטרון הגרמני. בשנת 1910 נישא לשחקנית אלזה היימס (Else Heims ;1878–1958). לשניים נולדו שני בנים משותפים. המשפחה התגוררה בברלין. בשנת 1913 הכיר ריינהרדט את השחקנית הלנה טימיג (שהייתה צעירה ממנו ב-16 שנים). עבורה עזב את משפחתו בקיץ 1919.

עם התיאטראות שאותם ניהל נמנים ה"דויטשס תיאטר" בברלין, שבו העסיק בשנים 1905-1930 את ברטולט ברכט ואת קרל צוקמאייר כמחזאים, ו"תיאטרון יוזפשטט" בווינה בשנים 1924-1933, שבו הגיעה הקריירה שלו והשפעתו בתחום התיאטרון לשיאהּ. בשנת 1920 הקים ריינהרדט ייסד עם הוגו פון הופמנסתאל וריכרד שטראוס את פסטיבל זלצבורג בעיר מגוריו זלצבורג שבאוסטריה. בשנת 1928 הקים בווינה סמינר למשחק (Max Reinhardt Seminar; כיום חלק מן האוניברסיטה למוזיקה ואמנויות הבמה של וינה). לאחר מאבק גירושין ארוך שהסתיים ב-1931 נישא ריינהרדט להלנה טימיג ב-1935.

עם סיפוח אוסטריה לגרמניה הנאצית בשנת 1938 היגר ריינהרדט עם רעייתו השנייה לאנגליה ולאחר מכן לארצות הברית. עם הגיעו לארצות הברית ביים בהצלחה גרסת במה ל"חלום ליל קיץ" של שייקספיר. ריינהרדט המשיך את ההצלחה הזו עם בימוי גרסה קולנועית למחזה, בהשתתפותם של ג'יימס קאגני, מיקי רוני, ג'ו בראון ואוליביה דה הבילנד. הנאצים החרימו את הסרט בשל מוצאו היהודי של הבמאי, ובשל השימוש במוזיקה של המלחין הגרמני פליקס מנדלסון, בעצמו ממוצא יהודי.

בשנת 1940 קיבל ריינהרדט אזרחות אמריקנית. באתה השנה נישא לאשתו השנייה, השחקנית הלנה טימיג. בניו של ריינהרדט מאשתו הראשונה הם: וולפגנג (1908-1979), מפיק סרטים ותסריטאי, וגוטפריד (1913-1994), מפיק סרטים ובמאי.

ריינהרדט נפטר ב-30 באוקטובר 1943, ונקבר בבית הקברות היהודי וסטצ'סטר הילס בניו יורק.

עיריית תל אביב-יפו קראה רחוב ביפו על שמו.

יצירות נבחרות מחזות "הנס" ("The Miracle") - כתיבה ובימוי, 1912 חלום ליל קיץ - הפקה על פי מחזה של שייקספיר, 1924 כלאדם ("Jedermann") - הפקה על פי תרגום של הוגו פון הופמנסתאל למחזה מוסר אנגלי, 1927 "פריפריה" ("Peripherie") - כתיבה, 1928 "גאולה" ("Redemption") - הפקה על פי "הגופה החיה" של טולסטוי, 1928 סרטי קולנוע שביים הנס (סרט), 1912 חלום ליל קיץ (סרט), 1935 אחר "זומורון" ("Sumurun") - פנטומימה קישורים חיצוניים מיזמי קרן ויקימדיה ויקישיתוף תמונות ומדיה בוויקישיתוף: מקס ריינהרדט IMDB Logo 2016.svg מקס ריינהרדט , במסד הנתונים הקולנועיים IMDb (באנגלית) Allmovie Logo.png מקס ריינהרדט , באתר AllMovie (באנגלית) פרידריך לובה, מאקס ריינהארדט , דבר, 5 ביולי 1939 מקס ריינהרדט

במסד הנתונים IBDB (באנגלית) מידע על ריינהרדט

(באנגלית) מקס ריינהרדט , באתר "Find a Grave" (באנגלית) https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A1_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99...

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Max Reinhardt (September 9, 1873-October 30, 1943) was an Austrian-born American stage and film actor and director.

Biography. Max Reinhardt was born Maximilian Goldmann, of Jewish ancestry, in Baden bei Wien, Austria-Hungary. From 1902 until the beginning of Nazi rule in 1933, he worked as a director at various theaters in Berlin. From 1905 to 1930 he managed the Deutsches Theater ("German Theatre") in Berlin and, in addition, the Theater in der Josefstadt in Vienna from 1924 to 1933. By employing powerful staging techniques, and harmonising stage design, language, music and choreography, Reinhardt introduced new dimensions into German theatre.

The Max Reinhardt Seminar in Vienna, which is arguably the most important German-language acting school, was installed implementing his ideas. Siegfried Jacobsen wrote Max Reinhardt in 1910. In 1920, Reinhardt established the Salzburg Festival with Richard Strauss and Hugo von Hofmannsthal, notably directing an annual production of the morality play Everyman about God sending Death to summon a representative of mankind for judgment. After the anschluss of Austria to Nazi-governed Germany in 1938, he emigrated first to England, then to the United States, where he had already successfully directed his own play The Miracle in 1924, and a popular stage version of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream in 1927. Reinhardt followed that success by directing a film version in 1935 using a mostly different cast, that included James Cagney, Mickey Rooney, Joe E. Brown and Olivia de Havilland, among others. Mickey Rooney and Ms. de Havilland had also appeared in Reinhardt's 1934 stage production, which was staged at the Hollywood Bowl. The Nazis banned the film because of the Jewish ancestry of both Reinhardt and Felix Mendelssohn, whose music (arranged by Erich Korngold) was used throughout the film.

Reinhardt also opened the Reinhardt School of the Theatre in Hollywood, on Sunset Boulevard. Several notable stars of the day received classical theater training, among them actress Nanette Fabray. In 1940 he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. At that time, he was married to his second wife, actress Helene Thimig.

Max Reinhardt and film. Max Reinhardt signing a film treaty with the US film producer Curtis Melnitz in Berlin, 1930. Reinhardt was much more interested in film than most of his contemporaries in theater. He made films as a director and from time to time also as a producer. His first staging for the film was Sumurûn (1910). After that, Reinhardt founded his own film company. He was chosen to direct the film adaptation Das Mirakel (1912). Controversies around the staging of Mirakel, which was shown in the Vienna Rotunde in 1912, led to Reinhardt's retreat from the project. The author of the play, Reinhardt's friend and confidant Karl Vollmoeller, won the French director Michel-Antoine Carré to finish the shooting.

Reinhardt made the films Die Insel der Seligen and Eine venezianische Nacht for the German film producer Paul Davidson, in 1913 and 1914. Both films meant a lot of work for Reinhardt's cameraman Karl Freund, as Reinhardt also demanded special shootings like that of a lagoon in the moonlight. Die Insel der Seligen was praised by the critics above all for Reinhardt's work on the clearness of expression and a vivid play of the features. The film attracted attention through its erotic acting. Its ancient mythical setting included sea gods, nymphs, and fauns, and the actors appeared naked. The part playing in the present fit the strict customs of the time of the late German resp. Austrian monarchy. The actors had to live up to the demands of double roles. Wilhelm Diegelmann and Willy Prager played the bourgeois fathers as well as the sea gods, Ernst Matray a bachelor and a faun, Leopoldine Konstantin the Circe. The shooting for Eine venezianische Nacht by Karl Gustav Vollmoeller took place in Venice. Maria Carmi played the bride, Alfred Abel the young stranger, and Ernst Matray Anselmus and Pipistrello. The shooting was disturbed by a fanatic who incited the attendant Venetians against the German speaking staff.

In 1935, Reinhardt directed his first film in the US, A Midsummer Night's Dream. He founded the drama schools Hochschule für Schauspielkunst „Ernst Busch“ in Berlin and the Max Reinhardt Seminar. Many alumni of these schools made their career in film.

Death. Reinhardt died in New York City in 1943 and is interred at Westchester Hills Cemetery in Hastings-on-Hudson, Westchester County, New York. His son, Gottfried Reinhardt, was a well-regarded film producer. One of his grandsons (by adoption), Stephen Reinhardt, is a labor lawyer who has served notably on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit since his appointment by Jimmy Carter in 1980. Another grandson, Michael Reinhardt is a successful fashion photographer.

The mausoleum of Max Reinhardt in Westchester Hills Cemetery; see at (FindAGrave).

Work on Broadway:

• Sumurun (pantomime) (1912) - Leader of the Deutsches Theater of Berlin on a New York tour
• The Miracle (1924) - Co-playwright and Director
• A Midsummer Night's Dream (revival) (1927) - Producer
• Jederman (1927) - Co-producer
• Peripherie (1928) - Playwright
• Redemption (revival) (1928) - Director
• The Eternal Road (1937) - Director
• The Merchant of Yonkers (1938), Thornton Wilder's play, later rewritten as "The Matchmaker".
• Sons and Soldiers (1943) - Producer and Director

Films:

• A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935)
• Das Mirakel (1912)