Ramiro I, rey de Aragón

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Ramiro I de Aragón (h. 1006/7 - 8 de mayo de 1063/9) fue el primer rey de Aragón (1035-1063/9) y conde de Sobrarbe y Ribagorza (1045-1063/9).

Hijo natural de Sancho Garcés III de Pamplona, rey de Pamplona, y una joven llamada Sancha de Aibar o Aybar, de la nobleza de las tierras de Aibar.

Ramiro I contrajo dos matrimonios sucesivos:

   * Con Gisberda (hija del conde Bernardo Roger de Foix) el día 22 de agosto de 1036, quien en el bautizo pasó a llamarse Ermesinda. De este matrimonio nacieron

         o Sancho Ramírez

         o El obispo García de Jaca

         o La condesa Sancha de Aragón casada con Ermengol III de Urgel a quien su abuela Sancha de Aibar dona el 27 de octubre de 1070 el Monasterio de Santa Cecilia de Aibar, la villa de Miranda, y bienes en San Pelayo de Ates[2]

         o Urraca, que fue monja en Santa Cruz de la Serós

         o Teresa

   * Con Inés de Aquitania se casó en fecha desconocida y no se conoce descendencia.

Fuera de matrimonio, y antes de contraerlo, tuvo de doña Amuña de Barbenuta un hijo natural llamado Sancho Ramírez (igual que su hermano el rey) a quien su padre, en su testamento definitivo en 1061, le confirió los lugares de Aibar y Javierrelatre con todas sus villas. Fue, en diferentes fechas, tenente en Aibar, Sos, Benabarre, Fantova, Monzón, y Javier (Navarra). Dispuso de la construcción de una capilla en la Catedral de San Pedro de Jaca donde eligió sepultura. Fue padre, entre otros, de Talesa de Aragón quien casó con el conde Gastón IV de Bearne.

Ramiro I of Aragon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ramiro I (died 8 May 1063) is usually credited with being the first King of Aragon. He was the natural son of Sancho III of Navarre by his mistress Sancha de Aybar[1]. Ramiro was reputed to have been adopted by his father's wife Mayor after he was the only of his father's children to come to her aid when needed, although there is no surviving record of these events, and the story is probably apocryphal.

During his father's reign, he was given numerous properties in the county of Aragon, and by the division of Sancho's realm on the latter's death in 1035, the county of Aragon fell to Ramiro with the title of baiulus or steward. The foundation traditions of the Kingdom of Aragon would make him the first king, (he is, on account of the small size of his Pyrenean kingdom with its capital at Jaca, sometimes called a "petty king") and he was called king by his vassals, neighbors, the church and even his sons, yet he referred to himself always as simply Ranimiro Sancioni regis filio (Ramiro, son of King Sancho). Likewise, in his wills, he refers to his lands as simply having been given him in stewardship by his half-brother García and by God. He is likewise called regulus (rather than rex used for García) and quasi pro rege (acting as if king) in charters from Navarre[2].

Ramiro sought to enlarge his lands at the expense of both Moor and brother. His reign was uneventful until 1043, when he invaded the Kingdom of Navarre of his brother García. He was defeated in the Battle of Tafalla. In 1045, he annexed Sobrarbe and Ribagorza, held by his youngest legitimate half-brother, Gonzalo. Ramiro was claiming lordship over these lands prior to Gonzalo's death[3].

Before he was married, Ramiro had a mistress named Amuña with whom he had a natural son, Sancho Ramírez, in whom he confided the government of the county of Ribagorza.[4]

Ramiro wed his first wife, Gisberga, daughter of Bernard Roger of Bigorre, on 22 August 1036. She changed her name to Ermesinda on marrying him. Together the couple had five children:

Sancho Ramírez, his successor

García, Bishop of Jaca

Sancha, married Armengol III of Urgel

Urraca, nun in Santa Cruz de la Serós

Theresa, married William Bertrand

Ramiro's second wife was Agnes (Inés), a daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine. Ramiro set the advance from Aragon toward Huesca and Zaragossa,after annexation of Ribagorza and Sobrarbe. To him is due the first Chart for the Royal town of Jaca,that will set the example of an ideal Community (included well defined laws of protection even to non residents) for later urban rights until late in the Middle Ages.

Ramiro died at the Battle of Graus in 1063 while trying to take the city.

[edit]Sources

Ballesteros y Beretta, Antonio. Historia de España y su Influencia en la Historia Universal. Barcelona: Salvat, 1920.

Chaytor, H. J. A History of Aragon and Catalonia. London: Methuen, 1933.

Lourie, Elena. "The Will of Alfonso I, 'El Batallador,' King of Aragon and Navarre: A Reassessment." Speculum, Vol. 50, No. 4. (Oct., 1975), pp 635–651.

Ubieto Arteta, Antonio. "Estudios en torno a la división del Reino por Sancho el Mayor de Navarra", Príncipe de Viana, vol. 21, pp. 5–56, 163–236.

[edit]References

^ The Crónica de Aragón, produced in 1499, names her Doña Caya, but she is named Sancha in a contemporary donation. Ballesteros y Beretta, v. 2, pp. 319–320.

^ Ubieto Arteta, pp. 175–178.

^ Ubieto Arteta, pp. 169–173

^ An origin legend of the house of Ayala gives him another son, Velasgutto de Ayala, by a Lady described as resident or member of the House of Barcelona. However, this story appears to be without solid foundation, and earlier versions of the legend make this Vela on of Sancho Ramírez.

Hijo natural ya que el Rey Sancho nunca se casó con Doña Sancha de Aybar. Primer Rey de Aragón 1035-1063/1064. "Auxiliado por los Tojibies, gobernadores de Zaragoza desde últimos del siglo noveno y por los de Huesca y Tudela, invadió los estados de su hermano García, que lo derrotó en Tafalla. Por muerte de su otro hermano Gonzalo, asesinado en la puente de Monclús, se apoderó de Sobrarbe y Rivagorza, sobre el año 1037. Ahmed I, gobernador de Zaragoza, cuyo padre Suley-mán había fundado en esta ciudad la dinastía de los Beni-Hud, sostenía guerra con su hermano Almudafar de Lérida: aprovecháronse los príncipes cristianos de estas desavenencias para aumentar su poderío, y Ahmed, vencedor de su hermano, tuvo que pagar tributo á Ramiro. Poniendo este sitio á Graus, fué acometido por Ahmed, quien viendose vencido, hizo asesinar á Ramiro, por medio de una traición, el año 1063. Con la debilidad de los muslimes mejoró la situación de los cristianos, ó mozárabes, de Zaragoza. cuyo Obispo Paterno asistió en 1063 al concilio de Jaca, donde se reunieron los de Urgel, Bigorra, Olorón, Calahorra, Jaca y Roda, y los Abades de Leire, San Andrés y San, Victorián, determinando entre otras cosas. que hasta la reconquista de Huesca el Obispo de Jaca se llamara Obispo de Aragón.

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