Historical records matching Sir Peter Carew, MP
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About Sir Peter Carew, MP
- Sir Peter Carew (1514? – 27 November 1575) was an English adventurer, who served during the reign of Queen Elizabeth of England and figured in the Tudor conquest of Ireland.
- Carew was the third son of Sir William Carew, a Devonshire gentleman, and was born at Ottery Mohun (now Mohun's Ottery) in the parish of Luppitt. He attended grammar school in Exeter, where he was a frequent truant, and at St Paul's School. By his own account (set down in his biography) he once climbed a turret on Exeter city wall and threatened to jump if his master came after him. His father then had him led back to his house on a leash, like a dog, and for punishment coupled him to one of his hounds for a time.
- Carew was placed in the service of a French friend of his father's, but suffered demotion to muleteer and was only saved in February 1526, when a family relation, on his way to the siege of Pavia in the service of King Francis I of France, heard Carew's companions call the young man by name. On the way to the siege, the relation died and Carew took up with a marquis, who died in battle. Carew would later serve the Prince of Orange, after whose death he was sent by Orange's sister to King Henry VIII of England with letters in despatch; the king noted his proficiency in riding and French and took him into service.
- In 1540, he travelled abroad with his cousin and visited Constantinople, Venice, Milan and Vienna, where his cousin died. He served in the war against France on land and at sea; in 1544, leading a company of foot apparelled in black at his own expense, with his brother George Carew — who was to command the Mary Rose when it sank — serving as commander of horse. For his service in the campaign he was knighted, and then served as member of parliament in 1545 and 1553 — on the second occasion for Devonshire, of which he served as sheriff in 1547.
- Carew was reprimanded for the vigour of his response to the rising occasioned by the issue of the reformed Book of Common Prayer. In 1555, he proclaimed Queen Mary of England in the west but conspired against her proposed marriage to King Philip II of Spain, later escaping to the European mainland but was arrested in Antwerp and sent back to England in a fishing boat. He was held in the Tower of London until December 1556, his release being secured upon payment of an old debt due by his grandfather to the crown.
- Under Elizabeth I, Carew was sent to settle a dispute between Lord Grey and the Earl of Norfolk, which had arisen while they were commanding an army against the French in Scotland. When Norfolk was eventually convicted of treason in 1572, he found that Carew was his gaoler, having been appointed constable of the Tower.
- In 1568, Carew undertook his greatest adventure, when he laid claim to lands in the south of Ireland. He had sent ancient documents for examination by John Hooker, who became convinced - after travelling to Ireland - that the documents established Carew's hereditary entitlement to extensive properties in that country. It was shown that King Henry II of England (the first Lord of Ireland, a title assumed in 1172 at the beginning of the Cambro-Norman conquest) had granted lands to one Robert Fitzstephen, whose daughter had married a Carew ancestor. Carew's claim existed by letter of the law contained in antique parchment under crown seal.
- Carew obtained leave of the queen to prosecute his claims and sailed for Ireland from Ilfracombe in August 1568. His first proceedings were against Christopher Cheevers for possession of the lordship of Maston in County Meath; Carew claimed he couldn't get a fair trial at common law before a jury and went instead before the lord deputy, Sir Henry Sidney, sitting in council, whereupon Cheevers agreed to a compromise of the claim. Then he secured a decree of Sidney and council for the barony of Idrone in County Carlow, which was then in the possession of the Kavanagh clan, and was appointed captain of Leighlin castle (in succession to Sir Thomas Stukley) in the centre of the barony.
- Carew's claim became complicated when it appeared to encroach upon the possession and authority of the Butler family, an Anglo-Norman dynasty with wide influence in Ireland, whose principal was Sir Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormonde. Butler's younger brother, Edmund, held the castle of Clogrenan a few miles north of Leighlin — it had been seized from the Kavanaghs by his father - and in protest at this encroachment, which he expected would extend to his own lands, he launched an attack on Carew, who retaliated by storming Clogrenan and seizing it with little difficulty. The land seizure caused great disquiet locally and eventually led to the Butler Wars, which contributed to a wider insurrection, the first of the Desmond Rebellions.
- Carew fought an effective campaign against the Butlers, but their influence overwhelmed his efforts. Not content to pursue the acquisition of Irish lands by right of inheritance, he extended his ambitions with a scheme for plantation. In April 1569, the privy council at London approved in principle a proposal by him, along with Sir Warham St Leger, Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Richard Grenville, for a corporate settlement by confiscation of lands at Baltimore on the coast of the province of Munster to be accomplished via legal proceedings for the purpose of exposing defective titles, expelling rebels and introducing English colonists. Carew's solicitor, John Hooker, had by then become a prominent New English member (for Athenry) of Sidney's parliament at Dublin.
- The Desmond rebels engaged in bloody conflict along the coast of Munster, besieging the city of Cork, amongst others, with the demand that all efforts at colonisation cease. Both sides laid waste to the hinterland, and it was soon recognised that Carew had reached too far. The Earl of Ormond managed to bring his followers in from their rebellion against the Crown. After the earl's return to court the queen decided to recall Carew to England. Carew returned to Ireland in 1574 having refused the queen's request to retake his seat in parliament. He found Lords Courcy and Barry Oge and the O'Mahons (and others) willing to acknowledge his claims and agree tenancies with him. Once this part of his plans had been settled he ordered a house to be prepared for him at Cork but died of illness on the way, on 27 November 1575, at Ross in County Waterford.
- Carew had no issue. He was buried in Waterford church, on the south side of the chancel. A portrait of him is kept at Hampton court, and his monument stands in Exeter cathedral. His biography was written by John Hooker. His will is dated 4 July 1574. He is to be distinguished from another Peter Carew, a cousin who was killed at the Battle of Glenmalure.
- From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Carew
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- CAREW, Sir Peter (c.1510-75), of Mohun's Ottery, Devon.
- b. by 1505, 1st s. of Sir William Carew of Mohun’s Ottery by Jane, da. of Sir William Courtenay of Powderham; bro. of Sir Peter. educ. M. Temple, adm. 2 Nov. 1519. m.(1) Thomasin (d. 18 Dec. 1539). da. of Sir Lewis Pollard of Kings Nympton, Devon; (2) by 1 Feb. 1541, Mary, da. of Henry Norris of Bray, Berks., s.p. Kntd. June/July 1536; suc. fa. 11 Aug. 1537.2
- Offices Held
- Sheriff, Devon 1536-7, 1542-3; j.p. 1538; commr. oyer and terminer, Cornw., Devon, Dorset, Hants, Som. and Wilts. 1538, Devon 1540, Calais 1541; capt. Rysbank Tower, Calais Jan. 1539-June 1543; steward, possessions of Henry Courtenay, late Marquess of Exeter Nov. 1542, Havering atte Bower, Essex Nov. 1544; 1t. pens July 1544; gent. privy chamber in 1544; v.-adm. 1545.3
- Biography
- It was perhaps envy of his younger brother’s presence at the battle of Pavia which led George Carew to join a friend of his, Edward Rogers, in persuading Andrew Flamank, whom they met in Exeter in 1526, to take them to Calais. The three embarked at Dartmouth but were driven by the wind to Le Conquet, whence they travelled first to Paris and then to Blois. There the Regent of France refused their offer of service unless they had a letter of commendation from Henry VIII or Wolsey, so that they were obliged to return to Paris. Flamank left his companions and continued to Calais, where he was examined by the deputy on behalf of the Privy Council. After an interval Carew and Rogers followed his example and eventually they received pardons, Carew’s being issued on 21 Nov. 1526.4
- This escapade was an uncharacteristic beginning to a brief but meritorious career at home and abroad. On his first return to the Commons, at a by-election held on 4 Jan. 1536, Carew replaced his uncle Sir William Courtenay I as second knight of the shire for Devon. His choice may be thought to have owed something to Sir Thomas Denys, the senior knight, a friend of Courtenay’s and one of the overseers of his will, as well as perhaps to the sheriff Hugh Pollard, but the suggestion that it may have been a sign of opposition in the west is wide of the mark, for Carew was both favoured and trusted at court. It was probably in 1536—not, as has been supposed, in 1527—that he was knighted: he lacks that title on the election return in January but is given it when appointed to attend the Queen during the northern rebellion of the autumn. If, as is likely, he had been re-elected to the intervening Parliament, in accordance with the King’s general request for the return of the previous Members, he was probably knighted, as were several other Members, at the time of Cromwell’s elevation to the peerage on 9 July. He was later held in readiness to serve against the rebels, and in November he was pricked sheriff of Devon.5
- During the summer of 1537 Carew had leave to go abroad and later he co-operated with Sir John Dudley in patrolling the Channel against pirates. When the captaincy of the Rysbank Tower at Calais fell vacant Carew was appointed: it was a post involving residence, and he arrived there on 4 Mar. 1539 even though the appointment was not formally made until 29 July and not enrolled until 23 Oct. While holding this office Carew was, according to John Foxe, one of the few on the deputy’s council sympathetic towards the Protestants of Calais. In April 1540 he obtained leave to return temporarily to England, and on 1 May he was one of the challengers at the tournament held at Durham Place before the King. He was still on leave when Lord Lisle, the deputy of Calais, was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower. Carew was taken there to confront Lisle and in the mistaken belief that he too was under arrest he fell into such a panic that several days passed before he was able to leave: his appointment shortly afterwards to a commissioner of oyer and terminer in Devon confirmed his safety. This unheroic display notwithstanding, on his return to Calais Carew won the confidence of Lisle’s successor as deputy, who reported that he would prove a very good man of war. It was perhaps in an effort to justify this prediction that during an engagement with the French at Landrecy early in November 1543 Carew showed himself ‘more forward than circumspect’ and was taken prisoner. Peter Carew tried but failed to get his brother exchanged, and it needed the King’s intervention to release him.6
- Carew took part in the campaign crowned by the fall of Boulogne, and his services there, especially his handling of the transport, led to his appointment as vice-admiral. In the spring of 1545 he prepared the fleet and began to patrol the Channel in the Mary Rose. In June he was ordered to Portsmouth, and it was there that on 19 July he was dining with the King aboard the Great Harry when the French fleet entered the harbour. Henry immediately dispersed the company and after speaking privately with the admiral and Carew, ‘at his departure from him, took his chain from his neck, with a great whistle pendant to the same, and did put it about the neck of the said Sir George Carew, giving him also therewith many good and comfortable words’. Carew then returned to the Mary Rose which on hoisting her sails capsized, with the loss of 500 men, all but some 30 of her whole complement. Mary Carew watched the catastrophe by the side of the King, who himself attended her when she fainted.7
- Carew had been returned on 20 Jan. 1545 as the senior knight for Devon to the Parliament originally summoned for the end of that month, but as its meeting was postponed until 23 Nov. he never attended it: no by-election is known to have replaced him. He appears not to have made a will, and he left no children: the inquisition held on 3 Apr. 1546 found that the heir was his brother Peter. Although Carew had parted with family property in Devon worth at least £30 a year, or one tenth of the total yield of the Carew estate, he had diminished the family fortune very little, if at all, as he had been granted considerable monastic property by the crown. His widow married Sir Arthur Champernon. Carew’s portrait was painted by Holbein between 1540 and 1543.8
- Ref Volumes: 1509-1558
- Authors: L. M. Kirk / A. D.K. Hawkyard
- Notes
- 1. Did not serve for the full duration of the Parliament.
- 2. Date of birth estimated from age at fa.’s i.p.m., C142/59/106. Vis. Devon. ed. Vivian. 136; Vis. Devon, ed. Colby 36; LP Hen. VIII, xiv. xvi.
- 3.LP Hen. VIII, xiii, xv, xvii-xix; Archaeologia xxviii, 110.
- 4.LP Hen. VIII, iv; J. E. Kew, ‘Land market in Devon 1536-58’ (Exeter Univ. Ph.D. thesis, 1967), 262.
- 5. S. E. Lehmberg, Ref. Parl. 219; G. Mattingly, Catherine of Aragon, 288; C219/18A/1, 2; LP Hen. VIII, xi.
- 6.LP Hen. VIII, xii, xiv, xv, xviii; PPC, vii. 313; Foxe, Acts and Mons. v. 520; Archaeologia xxviii. 107.
- 7.Archaeologia xxviii. 110; LP Hen. VIII, xix, xx.
- 8. C142/73/20; Kew, 264; Holbein Paintings, ed. Ganz, 255.
- From: http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/ca...
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- Sir William Carew1,2,3,4,5
- M, #94879, b. circa 1483
- Father Sir Edmund Carew, Baron Carew1,6,7 b. c 1464, d. 24 Jun 1513
- Mother Katherine Huddersfield1,6,7 b. c 1462, d. a 9 Jun 1528
- Sir William Carew was born circa 1483 at of Mohun Ottery, Devonshire, England; Age 30 in 1513.1,8,4 He married Joan Courtenay, daughter of Sir William Courtenay, Sheriff of Devonshire and Margaret Bonville, circa 1511 at of Powderham, Devonshire, England; They had 3 sons (Sir George; Sir Philip; & Sir Peter) and 1 daughter (Cecily, wife of Thomas Kirkham, Esq.).8,3,5
- Family Joan Courtenay b. c 1480
- Child
- Cecilie Carew+8,4 b. c 1512, d. a 1575
- Citations
- 1.[S61] Unknown author, Family Group Sheets, Family History Archives, SLC.
- 2.[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 405.
- 3.[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 31.
- 4.[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 101.
- 5.[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 403.
- 6.[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 403-404.
- 7.[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 100.
- 8.[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 404.
- From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p3158.htm#...
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- Peter CAREW (Sir)
- Born: 1512
- Died: 27 Nov 1575, Ross, Waterford, Ireland
- Buried: 15 Dec 1575, Waterford, Ireland
- Notes: See his Biography.
- http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/Bios/PeterCarew.htm
- Father: William CAREW (Sir)
- Mother: Joan COURTENAY
- Married: Margaret SKIPWITH (B. Talboys of Kyme) (dau. of William Skipwith of South Ormsby and Alice Dymoke) (w. of George Talboys, 2° B. Talboys - m.3 Sir John Clifton)(See her Biography) 20 Feb 1547
- From: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/CAREW1.htm#Peter CAREW (Sir)2
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Sir Peter Carew, MP's Timeline
| 1510 |
1510
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Mohun's Ottery, Tavistock, Devon, United Kingdom
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| 1575 |
November 27, 1575
Age 65
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Waterford Cathedral - on the south side of the chancel. The Cathedral was rebuilt in the 18th century, and nothing remains of his grave. There is, however, a mural monument to him in the south transept of Exeter Cathedral., Waterford, Ireland
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