Sultan Ali Mirza Safavi (32b)

Leader of the Safaviyya order

Sultan Ali Safawi succeeded his father Sheikh Haydar as leader of the Safaviya (sufi order) in 1488. He was killed in 1494 by the Ak Koyunlu due to the threat of his acquiring the leadership of the Ak Koyunlu. This was due to his relationship to the dynasty through the marriages of his father and grandfather into the Ak Koyunlu dynasty. Before he died, he designated his younger brother Ismail I as leader of the Safaviya. Ismail then went into hiding, but reappeared in 1499 at 12 years of age to begin his military campaign of conquest.[1][2]

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Padeshah Ali Mirza Safavi succeeded his father Haydar Safavi as leader of the Safaviyya, a Twelver Shi'i militant religious order, in 1488. He was killed in 1494 by order of the Ak Koyunlu leader, Roustam, who viewed his former ally as a growing threat. Ali Mirza's father and grandfather had married into the Ak Koyunlu dynasty: his mother was Alam-Shah Begum, daughter of the Ak Koyunlu leader Uzun Hasan.

Before he died, Ali Mirza designated his younger brother Ismail I as leader of the Safaviyya.

Ismail then went into hiding, but reappeared in 1499 at 12 years of age to begin his military campaign of conquest.

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ʿALĪ MĪRZĀ (d. 899/1494), eldest son of Shaikh Ḥaydar, head of the Safavid ṭarīqa, and ʿAlamšāh Begom, daughter of the Āq Qoyunlū ruler Uzun Ḥasan. On the death of his father in battle on 29 Raǰab 893/9 July 1488, ʿAlī Mīrzā succeeded him as head of the order; he was the first Safavid leader to assume the title pādešāh (“king”), a clear indication that by this stage the Safavids were aspiring to temporal as well as spiritual authority. It is doubtful that he also used the title solṭān conferred on him by later historians (R. M. Savory, “The Struggle for Supremacy in Iran after the Death of Timur,” Der Islam 40, 1964, p. 56). A large number of Sufis of the Safavid ṭarīqa rallied round him at Ardabīl and incited him to avenge his father’s death, in which the Āq Qoyunlū ruler Yaʿqūb had played a part. Alarmed, Yaʿqūb arrested ʿAlī Mīrzā, together with his mother and two brothers, and imprisoned them in the fortress of Eṣṭaḵr in Fārs. ʿAlī Mīrzā’s life was spared only on the intercession of his mother, Yaʿqūb’s sister (Savory, “Struggle,” p. 57).

After four and a half years of imprisonment, ʿAlī Mīrzā was released in 898/1493 by the Āq Qoyunlū prince Rostam, one of the claimants to the throne after the death of Yaʿqūb; he planned to make use of the fighting élan of the supporters of the Safavid house. In return for ʿAlī Mīrzā’s support, Rostam is said to have offered him the throne of Iran after his own death. ʿAlī Mīrzā played a vital part in the defeat of Rostam’s principal rival, Bāysonqor (Ḏu’l-qaʿda, 898/August, 1493; see Savory, “Struggle,” p. 58). But by the following year (899/1494), Rostam in his turn had come to view the nascent Safavid movement as a threat to his position and he arrested ʿAlī Mīrzā and his brothers. Hearing that Rostam planned to put him to death, ʿAlī Mīrzā escaped from Rostam’s camp with his brothers and a few close companions and made for Ardabīl. Aware of the danger if ʿAlī succeeded in reuniting himself with his followers, Rostam sent a force in hot pursuit. With a premonition of his approaching death, ʿAlī designated his brother Esmāʿīl [I] as his successor as head of the Safavid order and sent him ahead to Ardabīl. ʿAlī Mīrzā was overtaken by the Āq Qoyunlū troops at Šamasbi near Ardabīl and killed. His body, on the instructions of his mother ʿAlamšāh Begom, was subsequently taken to Ardabīl for burial.

Bibliography : Ḥabīb al-sīar (Bombay) III/4, pp. 11, 17. ʿAbd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī, Maṭlaʿ al-saʿdayn, ed. M. Šafīʿ, Lahore, 1941, II/1, p. 408; B.M. Or. 3248, fols. 24a, 27a-29a.

علی‌میرزا صفوی از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد (تغییرمسیر از سلطان علی (صفوی)) پرش به ناوبریپرش به جستجو سلطان علی‌ و یا علی میرزا، (مرگ ۱۴۹۴) پسر ارشد شیخ حیدر صفوی و به عنوان جانشین وی رهبر طریقت صفویه را بر عهده داشت. او به خون‌خواهی پدرش قیام کرد و به آغازگر قیام صفویان بود که بعدا به واسطه برادر کوچکش شاه اسماعیل یکم امپراتوری صفوی بنیان گذاری شد.

نگاره‌ای از نبرد سلطان علی و سلطان رستم در شام‌اسبی. زندگی سلطان علی، فرزند ارشد شیخ حیدر و همسرش عالم شاه بیگم و نوه اوزون حسن و دسپینا خاتون بود. او دو برادر به نام‌های اسماعیل و ابراهیم داشت.

علی میرزا بعد از مرگ پدرش رهبری طریقت صفویان را بر عهده گرفت و لقب سلطان را بر خود برگزید و اولین کسی بود که از خاندان صفویان لقب پادشاه (سلطان) را قبول کرد. او توسط بزرگان طریقت صفوی تحریک شد تا انتقام پدرش را از خاندان آق‌قویونلو بگیرد به همین دلیل سلطان یعقوب دستور داد سلطان علی را همراه با مادر و برادرانش به فارس برده و زندانی کنند. او به مدت چهار سال زندانی بود. تا اینکه در سال ۱۵۸۳ توسط سلطان رستم ازاد شد و به او در شورش علیه بایسنقر میرزا کمک کند و انتقام پدر و پدر بزرگش را بگیرد.

پس از انکه رستم در جنگ پیروز شد علی میرزا را تهدیدی برای حکومت خود دید به همین دلیل دستور داد او و برادر هایش را دستگیر کنند اما سلطان علی از لشکر رستم فرار کرد و به اردبیل رفت. سلطان رستم دستور به تعقیب آن‌‌ها را صادر کرد. علی میرزا برادرش اسماعیل را جانشین خود معرفی کرد و او را به اردبیل فرستاد. در نهایت سلطان علی و نیروهایش در شام‌اسبی با لشکر سلطان رستم رو به رو شدند و در نبردی که بین آن‌ها ایجاد شد سلطان علی کشته شد.

جسد سلطان علی به فرمان مادرش به اردبیل برده شد. او را در مقبره پدرش کشته شد. برادر او شاه اسماعیل در سال ۱۵۰۱ با شکست آخرین سلطان آق‌قویونلو، امپراتوری صفویه را تشکیل داد.[%DB%B1][%DB%B2]

جستارهای وابسته سلسله صفوی شجره‌نامه صفویان