Follow
This project is for those that served in the New Mexico Campain and were stationed at Fort Union New Mexico and those who supported it.
Fort Union exposed to the wind, within a sweeping valley of short grass prairie, amid the swales of the Santa Fe Trail, lie the territorial-style adobe remnants of the largest 19th century military fort in the region. For forty years, 1851-1891, Fort Union functioned as an agent of political and cultural change, whether desired or not, in New Mexico and throughout the Southwest.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico_Campaign
https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/foun/contents.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Valverde
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Glorieta_Pass
Glorieta Pass Other Names: La Glorieta Pass
Location: Santa Fe County and San Miguel County
Campaign: Sibley’s New Mexico Campaign (1862)
Date(s): March 26-28, 1862
Principal Commanders: Maj. John C. Chivington and Col. John P. Slough [US]; Maj. Charles L. Pyron and Lt. Col. William R. Scurry [CS]
Forces Engaged: Northern Division, Army of New Mexico [US]; 4th, 5th, and 7th Texas Cavalry Regiment, artillery, and a company of independent volunteers [CS]
Estimated Casualties: 331 total (US 142; CS 189)
Description: Glorieta Pass was a strategic location, situated at the southern tip of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, southeast of Santa Fe, and on the Santa Fe Trail. In March 1862, a Confederate force of 200-300 Texans under the command of Maj. Charles L. Pyron encamped at Johnson’s Ranch, at one end of the pass. Union Maj. John M. Chivington led more than 400 soldiers to the Pass and on the morning of March 26 moved out to attack. After noon, Chivington’s men captured some Rebel advance troops and then found the main force behind them. Chivington advanced on them, but their artillery fire threw him back. He regrouped, split his force to the two sides of the pass, caught the Rebels in a crossfire, and soon forced them to retire. Pyron and his men retired about a mile and a half to a narrow section of the pass and formed a defensive line before Chivington’s men appeared. The Yankees flanked Pyron’s men again and punished them with enfilade fire. The Confederates fled again and the Union cavalry charged, capturing the rearguard. Chivington then retired and went into camp at Kozlowski’s Ranch. No fighting occurred the next day as reinforcements arrived for both sides. Lt. Col. William R. Scurry’s troops swelled the Rebel ranks to about 1,100 while Union Col. John P. Slough arrived with about 900 men. Both Slough and Scurry decided to attack and set out early on the 28th to do so. As Scurry advanced down the canyon, he saw the Union forces approaching, so he established a battle line, including his dismounted cavalry. Slough hit them before 11:00 am. The Confederates held their ground and then attacked and counterattacked throughout the afternoon. The fighting then ended as Slough retired first to Pigeon’s Ranch and then to Kozlowski’s Ranch. Scurry soon left the field also, thinking he had won the battle. Chivington’s men, how-ever, had destroyed all Scurry’s supplies and animals at Johnson’s Ranch, forcing him to retreat to Santa Fe, the first step on the long road back to San Antonio, Texas. The Federals had won and, thereby, stopped Confederate incursions into the Southwest. Glorieta Pass was the turning point of the war in the New Mexico Territory.
Result(s): Union victory
CWSAC Reference #: NM002
Preservation Priority: I.1 (Class A)
Johnson's Ranch Battle, Apache Canyon
COMMANDING OFFICERS OF FORT UNION [1] Officer Rank Regiment Term in Office Edmond B. Alexander Captain Third Infantry July 26, 1851-April 22, 1852 James H. Carleton Captain First Dragoons April 22, 1852-August 3, 1852 William T. H. Brooks Captain Third Infantry August 3, 1852-September 28, 1852 James H. Carleton Captain First Dragoons September 28, 1852-November 16, 1852 William T. H. Brooks Captain Third Infantry November 16, 1852-November 22, 1852 James H. Carleton Captain First Dragoons November 22, 1852-December 18, 1852 Gouverneur Morris Major Third Infantry December 18, 1852-June 30, 1853 Horace Brooks Captain Second Artillery June 30, 1853-August 3, 1853 Nathaniel C. Macrae Captain Third Infantry August 3, 1853-November 4, 1853 P. St. George Cooke Lt. Colonel Second Dragoons November 4, 1853-March 31, 1854 Nathaniel C. Macrae Captain Third Infantry March 31, 1854-May 7, 1854 P. St. George Cooke Lt. Colonel Second Dragoons May 7, 1854-June 23, 1854 Nathaniel C. Macrae Captain Third Infantry June 23, 1854-June 30, 1854 P. St. George Cooke Lt. Colonel Second Dragoons June 30, 1854-September 18, 1854 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons September 18, 1854-January 25, 1855 Nathaniel C. Macrae Captain Third Infantry January 25, 1855-February 5, 1855 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons February 5, 1855-February 20, 1855 Joseph H. Whittlesey Captain First Dragoons February 20, 1855-June 11, 1855 Horace Brooks Captain Second Artillery June 11, 1855-June 28, 1855 Joseph H. Whittlesey Captain First Dragoons June 28, 1855-July 9, 1855 Horace Brooks Captain Second Artillery July 9, 1855-July 10, 1855 Joseph H. Whittlesey Captain First Dragoons July 10, 1855-July 20, 1855 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons July 20, 1855-January 7, 1856 William T. Magruder First Lieut. First Dragoons January 7, 1856-February 15, 1856 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons February 15, 1856-April 17, 1856 John T. Mercer 2nd Lieut. First Dragoons April 17, 1856-April 29, 1856 William T. Magruder First Lieut. First Dragoons April 29, 1856-May 7, 1856 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons May 7, 1856-May 25, 1856 William T. Magruder First Lieut. First Dragoons May 25, 1856-June 16, 1856 Thomas T. Fauntleroy Colonel First Dragoons June 16, 1856-June 29, 1856 William N. Grier Captain First Dragoons June 29, 1856-August 21, 1856 Henry B. Clitz First Lieut. Third Infantry August 21, 1856-September 27, 1856 William W. Loring Colonel Mounted Riflemen September 27, 1856-April 19, 1857 Lewellyn Jones Captain Mounted Riflemen April 19, 1857-September 27, 1857 William W. Loring Colonel Mounted Riflemen September 27, 1857-April 8, 1858 Andrew J. Lindsay Captain Mounted Riflemen April 8, 1858-August 21, 1858 Herbert M. Enos 2nd Lieut. Mounted Riflemen August 21, 1858-September 14, 1858 William W. Loring Colonel Mounted Riflemen September 14, 1858-September 25, 1858 Robert M. Morris Captain Mounted Riflemen September 25, 1858-October 5, 1858 William W. Loring Colonel Mounted Riflemen October 5, 1858-January 31, 1859 John G. Walker Captain Mounted Riflemen January 31, 1859-February 1859 William W. Loring Colonel Mounted Riflemen February 1859-April 23, 1859 John G. Walker Captain Mounted Riflemen April 23, 1859-May 31, 1859 John S. Simonson Major Mounted Riflemen May 31, 1859-June 7, 1859 Robert M. Morris Captain Mounted Riflemen June 7, 1859-October 22, 1859 John S. Simonson Major Mounted Riflemen October 22, 1859-August 15, 1860 Charles F. Ruff Major Mounted Riflemen August 15, 1860-September 17, 1860 George B. Crittenden Lt. Colonel Mounted Riflemen September 17, 1860-December 27, 1860 Herbert M. Enos 2nd Lieut. Mounted Riflemen December 27, 1860-January 8, 1861 George B. Crittenden Lt. Colonel Mounted Riflemen January 8, 1861-February 26, 1861 Thomas Duncan Captain Mounted Riflemen February 26, 1861-May 18, 1861 Henry Hopkins Sibley Major First Dragoons May 18, 1861-June 4, 1861 Donald Chester Stith Lieutenant Fifth Infantry June 4, 1861-June 13, 1861 William Chapman Major Second Infantry June 13, 1861-December 13, 1861 Gabriel R. Paul Colonel Fourth N.M. Vol. Inf. December 13, 1861-April 6, 1862 Asa B. Carey Captain Thirteenth Infantry April 6, 1862-July 11, 1862 Peter W. L. Plympton Captain Seventh Infantry July 11, 1862-August 1862 Henry D. Wallen Major Seventh Infantry August 1862-September 25, 1862 Peter W. L. Plympton Captain Seventh Infantry September 25, 1862-August 4, 1863 William R. McMullen Captain First Calif. Vol. Inf. August 4, 1863-April 1864 Francisco P. Abreu Lt. Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. April 1865-May 1864 William R. McMullen Captain First Calif. Vol. Inf. May 1864-August 1864 Francisco P. Abreu Lt. Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. August 1864-September 24, 1864 Henry R. Selden [2] Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. September 24, 1864-February 2, 1865 Francisco P. Abreu Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. February 2, 1865-May 1865 Edward B. Willis Lt. Colonel First N.M. Vol Inf. May 1865-June 1865 Francisco P. Abreu Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. June 1865-September 26, 1865 Edward B. Willis Lt. Colonel First N.M. Vol. Inf. September 26, 1865-December 24, 1865 Christopher Carson Colonel First N.M. Vol. Cav. December 24, 1865-April 24, 1866 John Thompson Major First N.M. Vol. Cav. April 24, 1866-August 12, 1866 Elisha G. Marshall Colonel Fifth Infantry August 12, 1866-October 30, 1866 H. C. Bankhead Captain Fifth Infantry October 30, 1866-November 1866 Elisha G. Marshall Colonel Fifth Infantry November 1866-February 20, 1867 William B. Lane Major Third Cavalry February 20, 1867-October 12, 1867 John R. Brooke Lt. Colonel Thirty-Seventh Inf. October 12, 1867-May 12, 1868 Charles J. Whiting Major Third Cavalry May 12, 1868-June 10, 1868 John R. Brooke Lt. Colonel Thirty-Seventh Inf. June 10, 1868-July 12, 1868 William N. Grier Colonel Third Cavalry July 12, 1868-September 11, 1869 William Hawley Captain Third Cavalry September 11, 1869-October 11, 1869 William N. Grier Colonel Third Cavalry October 11, 1869-May 22, 1870 Charles Hobart Captain Eighth Cavalry May 22, 1870-June 16, 1870 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry June 16, 1870-August 29, 1870 Samuel P. Smith Captain Eighth Cavalry August 29, 1870-September 11, 1870 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry September 11, 1870-January 31, 1871 Horace Jewett Captain Fifteenth Infantry January 31, 1871-February 25, 1871 David R. Clendenin Major Eighth Cavalry February 25, 1871-May 3, 1871 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry May 3, 1871-May 29, 1871 David R. Clendenin Major Eighth Cavalry May 29, 1871-June 10, 1871 Horace Jewett Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 10, 1871-July 1, 1871 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry July 1, 1871-July 13, 1871 David R. Clendenin Major Eighth Cavalry July 13, 1871-July 20, 1871 Horace Jewett Captain Fifteenth Infantry July 20, 1871-July 30, 1871 David R. Clendenin Major Eighth Cavalry July 30, 1871-September 26, 1871 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry September 26, 1871-October 5, 1871 David R. Clendenin Major Eighth Cavalry October 5, 1871-December 17, 1871 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry December 17, 1871-March 8, 1872 Horace Jewett Captain Fifteenth Infantry March 8, 1872-March 29, 1872 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry March 29, 1872-April 24, 1872 Henry C. Bankhead Captain Eighth Cavalry April 24, 1872-April 27, 1872 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry April 27, 1872-May 16, 1872 Henry C. Bankhead Captain Eighth Cavalry May 16, 1872-May 31, 1872 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry May 31, 1872-June 12, 1872 Henry H. Humphreys First Lieut. Fifteenth Infantry June 12, 1872-July 4, 1872 Henry A. Ellis Captain Fifteenth Infantry July 4, 1872-September 21, 1872 John W. Eckles First Lieut. Fifteenth Infantry September 21, 1872-October 5, 1872 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry October 5, 1872-December 29, 1872 Henry A. Ellis Captain Fifteenth Infantry December 29, 1872-January 4, 1873 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry January 4, 1873-April 28, 1873 Charles Hobart Captain Eighth Cavalry April 28, 1873-May 4, 1873 J. Irvin Gregg Colonel Eighth Cavalry May 4, 1873-June 3, 1873 Henry A. Ellis Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 3, 1873-August 25, 1873 John W. Eckles First Lieut. Fifteenth Infantry August 25, 1873-September 15, 1873 Andrew J. Alexander Major Eighth Cavalry September 15, 1873-March 23, 1874 Louis T. Morris Captain Eighth Cavalry March 23, 1874-April 13, 1874 Andrew J. Alexander Major Eighth Cavalry April 13, 1874-May 5, 1874 John W. Eckles First Lieut. Fifteenth Infantry May 5, 1874-November 22, 1874 Andrew J. Alexander Major Eighth Cavalry November 22, 1874-December 12, 1874 Henry A. Ellis Captain Fifteenth Infantry December 12, 1874-February 16, 1875 Andrew J. Alexander Major Eighth Cavalry February 16, 1875-July 9, 1875 Henry A. Ellis Captain Fifteenth Infantry July 9, 1875-November 21, 1875 James M. Ropes First Lieut. Eighth Cavalry November 21, 1875-December 20, 1875 James F. Wade Major Ninth Cavalry December 20, 1875-January 13, 1876 Francis Moore Captain Ninth Cavalry January 13, 1876-February 10, 1876 James F. Wade Major Ninth Cavalry February 10, 1876-April 29, 1876 Francis Moore Captain Ninth Cavalry April 29, 1876-June 6, 1876 Edward Whittemore [3] Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 6, 1876-August 2, 1876 James F. Wade Major Ninth Cavalry August 2, 1876-October 31, 1876 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry October 31, 1876-November 18, 1876 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry November 18, 1876-February 8, 1877 Ambrose E. Hooker Captain Ninth Cavalry February 8, 1877-February 12, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry February 12, 1877-February 13, 1877 Ambrose E. Hooker Captain Ninth Cavalry February 13, 1877-February 22, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry February 22, 1877-March 28, 1877 James F. Wade Major Ninth Cavalry March 28, 1877-April 2, 1877 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry April 2, 1877-May 30, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry May 30, 1877-June 14, 1877 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry June 14, 1877-June 18, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 18, 1877-June 23, 1877 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry June 23, 1877-June 30, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 30, 1877-July 14, 1877 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry July 14, 1877-August 23, 1877 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry August 23, 1877-September 3, 1877 Albert P. Morrow Major Ninth Cavalry September 3, 1877-April 4, 1878 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry April 4, 1878-September 9, 1878 Albert P. Morrow Major Ninth Cavalry September 9, 1878-November 26, 1878 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry November 26, 1878-January 14, 1880 Nathan A. M. Dudley Lt. Colonel Ninth Cavalry January 14, 1880-June 28, 1880 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 28, 1880-July 15, 1880 Harrison S. Weeks First Lieut. Eighth Cavalry July 15, 1880-October 25, 1880 John B. Parke Captain Tenth Infantry October 25, 1880-November 1880 Harrison S. Weeks First Lieut. Eighth Cavalry November 1880-December 9, 1880 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry December 9, 1880-February 25, 1881 Nathan W. Osborne Major Fifteenth Infantry February 25, 1881-June 11, 1881 Edward Whittemore Captain Fifteenth Infantry June 11, 1881-August 10, 1881 James J. Van Horn Major Thirteenth Infantry August 10, 1881-September 14, 1881 Harrison S. Weeks First Lieut. Eighth Cavalry September 14, 1881-October 21, 1881 Granville O. Haller Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. October 21, 1881-February 8, 1882 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. February 8, 1882-April 29, 1882 Thomas MacK. Smith Captain Twenty-Third Inf. April 29, 1882-July 12, 1882 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. July 12, 1882-October 16, 1882 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. October 16, 1882-June 9, 1883 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. June 9, 1883-June 23, 1883 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. June 23, 1883-July 12, 1883 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. July 12, 1883-August 5, 1883 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. August 5, 1883-October 17, 1883 James Henton Captain Twenty-Third Inf. October 17, 1883-October 20, 1883 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. October 20, 1883-December 10, 1883 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. October 20, 1883-December 10, 1883 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. December 23, 1883-March 23, 1884 George K. Brady Captain Twenty-Third Inf. March 23, 1884-April 13, 1884 Henry M. Black Colonel Twenty-Third Inf. April 13, 1884-June 6, 1884 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry June 6, 1884-October 25, 1884 John B. Parke Captain Tenth Infantry October 25, 1884-October 30, 1884 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry October 30, 1884-March 4, 1885 Charles L. Davis Captain Tenth Infantry March 4, 1885-March 5, 1885 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry March 5, 1885-April 13, 1885 Charles L. Davis Captain Tenth Infantry April 13, 1885-April 18, 1885 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry April 18, 1885-June 5, 1885 Charles L. Davis Captain Tenth Infantry June 5, 1885-June 23, 1885 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry June 23, 1885-August 10, 1885 Henry Douglass [4] Colonel Tenth Infantry August 10, 1885-October 5, 1885 Charles L. Davis Captain Tenth Infantry October 5, 1885-November 15, 1885 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry November 15, 1885-December 2, 1885 Henry Douglass Colonel Tenth Infantry December 2, 1885-May 24, 1886 Joel T. Kirkman Captain Tenth Infantry May 24, 1886-June 8, 1886 Henry Douglass Colonel Tenth Infantry June 8, 1886-September 25, 1886 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry September 25, 1886-November 11, 1886 Emil Adam Major Sixth Cavalry November 11, 1886-November 17, 1886 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry November 17, 1886-February 9, 1887 Henry Douglass Colonel Tenth Infantry February 9, 1887-December 31, 1887 Henry R. Mizner Lt. Colonel Tenth Infantry December 31, 1887-January 1888 Henry Douglass Colonel Tenth Infantry January 1888-June 29, 1888 Charles L. Davis Captain Tenth Infantry June 29, 1888-July 17, 1888 Henry Douglass Colonel Tenth Infantry July 17, 1888-December 31, 1888 Albert P. Morrow Lt. Colonel Sixth Cavalry December 31, 1888-October 29, 1890 Edward Whittemore Major Tenth Infantry October 29, 1890-November 1890 Albert P. Morrow Lt. Colonel Sixth Cavalry November 1890-December 2, 1890 Edward Whittemore Major Tenth Infantry December 2, 1890-February 21, 1891 John H. Shollenberger First Lieut. Tenth Infantry February 21, 1891-May 15, 1891 1. Compiled from Post Returns, Fort Union, 1851-1891, AGO, RG 94, NA.
2. Selden died in office, February 2, 1865.
3. Whittemore served as post commander a total of 15 times, the most of any officer, but he did not have the longest tenure in that office.
4. Douglass served as commanding officer six times and had the longest combined tenure of all officers, 32 months in all.