Founders of "old line" Carnival (Mardi Gras and New Year's) krewes and mystic societies in Mobile and New Orleans:
- Cowbellion de Rakin Society (1830, Mobile)
- Strikers Independent Society (1843, Mobile)
- T.D.S. (The Determined Set, 1844. Mobile)
- Krewe of Comus (1856, New Orleans)
- Lost Cause Minstrels (1867. Mobile)
- Order of Myths (1868, Mobile)
- Infant Mystics (H.S.S., 1869, Mobile)
- Twelfth Night Revelers (1870, New Orleans)
- Knights of Momus (1872, New Orleans)
- Rex (1872, New Orleans)