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The Creek War (1813–1814), also known as the Red Stick War and the Creek Civil War, began as a civil war within the Creek (Muscogee) nation. It is sometimes considered to be part of the War of 1812.
The war began as a civil war, but the United States was pulled into the conflict in present-day southern Alabama, at the Battle of Burnt Corn.
The term "red sticks" is derived from the red-colored war clubs and the alleged magical red sticks used by Creek shamans. This faction of Creeks aggressively supported traditional views of Creek society such as hunting and communal land. Inspired by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh and angered by the unrestrained encroachment of white culture, Red Sticks went to war against their own pro-European Creeks.
Results
On August 9, 1814, Andrew Jackson forced the Creeks to sign the Treaty of Fort Jackson. Despite protest of the Creek chiefs who had fought alongside Jackson, the Creek Nation ceded 23 million acres (93,000 km²)—half of Alabama and part of southern Georgia—to the United States government.
Even though the Creek War was largely a civil war among the Creeks, Andrew Jackson recognized no difference between the Creeks that had fought with him and the Red Sticks that fought against him, taking the lands of both. 1.9 million acres (7,700 km²) of the 23 million acres (93,000 km²) Jackson forced the Creeks to cede what was claimed by the Cherokee Nation, who had also allied with the United States during the war.
As a result of these victories, Jackson became a national figure and eventually rose to become the seventh President of the United States in 1829. As President, Andrew Jackson advocated the Indian Removal Act which relocated the Southeastern tribes to the West, across the Mississippi River.
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Notables
- Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the USA
- Brigadier-General John Coffee
- William McIntosh
- William Weatherford (Red Eagle)
- Menawa
- Peter McQueen
- Benjamin Hawkins
People of the Creek War
- Julius Caesar Alford
- David Jackson Bailey
- William Butler (militiaman)
- Samuel Butts
- William Cocke
- John E. Coffee
- George Colbert
- Joel Crawford
- Davy Crockett
- William Barton Wade Dent
- John Floyd (Georgia politician)
- Ephraim H. Foster
- George Rockingham Gilmer
- Sam Houston
- James Lauderdale
- George Mayfield
- James Meriwether
- Lemuel P. Montgomery
- Daniel Newnan
- Major Ridge
- Gilbert C. Russell
- Josiah Ogden Watson
- James White (General)
- Joseph M. Wilcox
Links
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creek_War
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sticks
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Stick_War
- http://creekcombatveterans.org/heritage.html
- http://www.suite101.com/content/red-stick-rebellion-a31274