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The area that is now Rensselaer County was inhabited by the Algonquian-speaking Mohican Indian tribe at the time of European encounter. Kiliaen van Rensselaer, a Dutch jeweler and merchant, purchased the area in 1630 and incorporated it in his patroonship Rensselaerswyck. (It was part of the Dutch colony New Netherland).
The land passed into English rule in 1664; the Dutch regained control in 1673, but the English took it back in 1674. Until 1776, the year of American independence, the county was under English or British control. The county was not organized as a legal entity until after the Revolution, in 1791, when it was created from an area that was originally part of the very large Albany County.
In 1807, in a county re-organization, the rural sections of Troy were set off as Towns, and the city was incorporated. The two towns created were Brunswick (named for Duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Braunschweig-Lüneburg) and Grafton (named for Henry FitzRoy, 5th Duke of Grafton). A third town, Philipstown, was set off in 1806. In 1808, it was renamed Nassau after the duke of that area.
Adjacent Counties
- Bennington County, Ver.
- Berkshire County, Mass.
- Columbia County
- Albany County
- Saratoga County
- Greene County
- Washington County
Cities, Towns, Hamlets, Villages & Communities
Averill Park | Berlin | Brunswick | Castleton-on Hudson | Cherry Plain | Cropseyville | Defreetsville | Eagle Bridge | East Greenbush | East Nassau | East Schodack | Grafton | Hampton Manor | Hoosick | Hoosick Falls | Johnsonville | Melrose | Nassau | Nassau Lake | North Greenbush | Petersburgh | Pittstown | Poestenkill | Rensselaer | Sand Lake | Schaghticoke | Schodack | Schodack Center | Speigletown | Stephentown | Taborton | Troy (County Seat) | Valley Falls | West Sand Lake | Wynantskill | Wyomanock
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