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English Scottish and northern Irish: habitational name from any of several places in England and Scotland variously spelled that are named with Old English ceald ‘cold’ + well(a) ‘spring stream’. Caldwell in North Yorkshire is one major source of the surname; Caldwell in Renfrewshire in Scotland another. Possibly also from Caldwell (Warwickshire) Caldwall (Worcestershire) Cauldwell (Bedfordshir...