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Exodusters: Black Migration to Kansas after Reconstruction Exodusters: Black Migration to Kansas After Reconstruction The first major migration to the North of ex-slaves. "In 1879, fourteen years after the Emancipation Proclamation, thousands of blacks fled the South. They were headed for the homesteading lands of Kansas, the 'Garden Spot of the earth' and the 'quintessential Free State, the la...