Theophilus was the High Priest in the Second Temple in Jerusalem from AD 37 to 41 according to Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews. He was a member of one of the wealthiest and most influential Jewish families in Iudaea Province during the 1st century. A growing belief[1] points to this person as the person to whom the Gospel of Luke is addressed.

Theophilus was the son of Annas and the brother of Eleazar, Jonathan, Matthias and Ananus, all of whom served as High Priests. He was also the brother-in-law of Joseph Caiaphas, the High Priest before whom Jesus appeared. In addition, his son Matthias served as the next to the last High Priest before the destruction of the Temple by the Romans.

Archeological evidence confirming the existence of Theophilus, as an ossuary has been discovered bearing the inscription, "Johanna granddaughter of Theophilus, the High Priest".[2]} The details of this ossuary have been published in the Israel Exploration Journal. Therefore Theophilus had at least one other son named Jonathan, father to Johanna. Johanna appears twice in the New Testament in the Gospel of Luke. First as one of women healed by Jesus who travels with Jesus and the disciples to Jerusalem. Her second appearance also in the Gospel of Luke is on Easter Sunday when she and other women visits the empty tomb.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_ben_Ananus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annas

High Priests under Herodians and Romans

• Ananelus 37-36 BC
• Jonathan Aristobulus III 36 BC-last of the Hasmoneans; paternal grandson of Aristobulus II and brother of Herord's wife Mariamne (second wife of Herod).
• Ananelus (restored) 36-30 BC
• Joshua ben Fabus 30-23 BC
• Simon ben Boethus 23-5 BC (his daughter Mariamne was third wife of Herod the Great)
• Matthias ben Theophilus 5-4 BC [6]
• Joazar ben Boethus 4 BC (Sadducee)
• Eleazar ben Boethus 4-3 BC (Sadducee)
• Joshua ben Sie 3 BC - ?
• Joazar ben Boethus? - AD 6 (Sadducee)
• Ananus ben Seth 6-15
• Ishmael ben Fabus 15-16
• Eleazar ben Ananus 16-17
• Simon ben Camithus 17-18
• Joseph Caiaphas 18-36 Son-in-law of the high priest Ananas or Annas,
• Jonathan ben Ananus 36-37
• Theophilus ben Ananus 37-41
• Simon Cantatheras ben Boethus 41-43 (Sadducee)
• Matthias ben Ananus 43
• Elioneus ben Simon Cantatheras 43-44 (Sadducee)
• Jonathan ben Ananus 44 (restored)
• Josephus ben Camydus 44-46
• Ananias ben Nebedeus 46-52
• Jonathan 52-56
• Ishmael ben Fabus 56-62 (restored?)
• Joseph Cabi ben Simon 62-63
• Ananus ben Ananus 63
• Joshua ben Damneus 63
• Joshua ben Gamaliel 63-64-his wife Martha belonged to family of Boethus (Sadducee)
• Mattathias ben Theophilus 65-66

During the First Jewish-Roman War

• Phannias ben Samuel 67-70

The House of Boethus

• Simon ben Boethus 23-5 BC (his daughter Mariamne was third wife of Herod the Great)
• Joazar, son of Boethus (4 BC and before 6 AD), unpopular and an advocate of compliance with the Roman census
• Eleazar, son of Boethus (4-3 BC)
• Simon Cantheras, son of Boethus (41-42 AD)
• Elioneus, son of Simon Cantheras (43-44 AD)
• Joshua, son of Gamaliel (64 AD), whose wife Martha belonged to the house

The House of Ananus

• Annas ben Seth (6–15)
• Eleazar ben Ananus (16–17)
• Joseph ben Caiaphas (18–36/37), who had married the daughter of Annas (John 18:13)
• Jonathan ben Ananus (36–37)
• Theophilus ben Ananus (37–41)
• Matthias ben Ananus (43)
• Ananus ben Ananus (63)
• Matthias ben Theophilus (65-66)