Gisulf II, duke of Friuli

Gisulf Italian: Gisulfo
Also Known As:	"Gisulf de Frioul", "Gisulph of Friuli", "Gisulfo II di Friuli"
Birthdate:	circa 545
Birthplace:	Regnum Langobardorum (probably present Hungary)
Death:	circa 610 (56-74) Probably Forum Iluli (Present Cividale del Friuli), Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum (present northern Italy) (Killed in battle against the King of the Avars while defending his duchy.)
Immediate Family:	Son of Gisulf I, duke of Friuli Husband of Romilda Father of Geila di Friuli; Taso, duke of Friulia; Kakko Of Friuli; Radoald di Friuli, duke of Benevento; Appa of Friuli and 1 other Brother of Grasulf, duke of Friuli
Occupation:	Second Duke of Friuli (591-611)

Managed by:	Private User
Last Updated:	today

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Immediate Family

Romilda

wife
Geila di Friuli

daughter
Taso, duke of Friulia

son
Kakko Of Friuli

son
Radoald di Friuli, duke of Benev...

son
Appa of Friuli

daughter
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_ferrea

Grimoald I, king of the Lombards...

son
Gisulf I, duke of Friuli

father
Grasulf, duke of Friuli

brother

About Gisulf II, duke of Friuli

Gisulf II of Friuli

Title of nobility: Duke of Friuli from 590-years 610
Predecessor: Gisulf I of Friuli
Successor: Taso of Friuli and Kako of Friuli
Death: 610 or 611
Family: Gausian dynasty
Father: Gisulf I of Friuli
Siblings: Grasulf II of Friuli
Spouse: Romilda of Friuli

Children

Taso of Friuli
Grimoald I of Benevento
Radoald of Benevento
Kako of Friuli
Geila von Friaul (d)
Acca von Friaul

Biography

Gisulf II (Gisulfo II di Friuli; abt. 545 – 611) was the Duke of Friuli from around 591 to his death. He was the son and successor of Grasulf I of Friuli.

Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria.

Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus to the patriarchate of Aquileia in 606.

The most significant event of his reign occurred probably in 611.[2] When the Avars invaded Italy, Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to meet them. The Avars were a larger force, however, and they soon overwhelmed the Lombards. Gisulf died in battle, and his duchy was overrun. He left four sons and four daughters by his wife Romilda (or Ramhilde). His elder two sons, Tasso and Kakko, succeeded him.

Gisulf's younger sons, Radoald and Grimoald, fled to Arechis I of Benevento, a relative of Gisulf's. They both eventually became dukes of Benevento in turn, and Grimoald even became king. Gisulf left two daughters, Appa and Geila (or Gaila). Paul the Deacon says that one married the King of the Alemanni (uncertain) and another the Prince of the Bavarians, probably Garibald II of Bavaria , but he does not identify who married whom.

Hodgkin, Thomas (1916). Italy and her Invaders. Clarendon Press. p. 48.
It has been dated as early as 602. However, Gisulf certainly took part in the confirmation of Candidianus in 606.

Family

From Romilda Friuli Romilda of Friuli (born around 575 - died in 610), was a Lombard noblewoman of Italy, wife of Gisulf II, Duke of Friuli (c. 590 - 610) under the reign of King Agilulf. It passed to posterity thanks to the story of Paul Deacon, author at the end of the fourth century of a history of the Lombard people.

Romilda was probably the daughter of Garibald, 1st Duke of Bavaria, and Lombard Princess Waldrada1. In 610, during an Avar invasion in the Lombard Duroyaume N.-E., Romilda lost her husband, Duke Gisulf II, who was massacred with most of his men after boldly walking against the invaders, superior in number and led by the khagan Bayan II. She took refuge with women and children in the stronghold of Cividale (Forum Julii), capital of the Duchy of Friuli, soon joined by the surviving Lombard warriors. As for the Avars, they arrived in front of Cividale after deravaring Friuli and put the blockade in front of the fortress.

From the top of the walls of Cividale, Romilda observed the avar khagan in arms and large crew who was around the besieged city, studying on which side his troops could attack. Seeing him young and flourishing, she told him through a messenger that if he married her, she would deliver the city to him with all those who were there. Bayan II accepted and pledged to marry her. Romilda, against the advice of the people, therefore opened the doors of the stronghold; entering the city, the Avar riders took out Cividale, whom they set on fire after enslaving all the inhabitants who had survived the violence. Romilda, his eight children and the inhabitants of Cividale enslaved were taken prisoner by Bayan II in Pannonia, in the "Ring", the fortified capital of the Avars located in present-day Hungary.

Romilda, the "infamous whore" (meretrix nefaria) as Paul Deacon had designated him in his History of the Lombards2, spent a night with the khagan, as if they were husband and wife, because of the oath he had promised her during the siege of Cividale, but he delivered her immediately after to twelve Avar warriors who rap After Romilda had to suffer this collective rape, Bayan II had a post erected in the middle of the royal camp and ordered it to be impaled, adding these words of opapros: "here the husband you deserve! ».

Romilda's young sons (two children and two teenagers), managing to seize two horses, escaped from the Avar camp and returned to Italy. The girls remained prisoners of Bayan II and were later sold in various countries as slaves, concubines or wives.

Paul Deacon seems to have been inspired by the myth of Tarpeia.

Descendants

Romilda had Duke Gisulf II of Friuli eight children, four sons and four daughters:

Tasso, who will become Duke of Friuli with his brother Cacco;
Cacco, who would become Duke of Friuli together with his brother Taso;
Radoald, who will become Duke of Benevento;
Grimoald, who would become Duke of Benevento and then King of the Lombards;
Appa, which, captured during the invasion of 610 by the Avars, is sold by the latter and marries the Duke of the Alamans;
Gaila, who suffers the same fate as her sister and marries a Bavarian prince;
a girl, who suffers the same fate as her sisters;
a girl, who suffers the same fate as her sisters.

References

Settipani 1989, pp. 89-90. Les Ancêtres de Charlemagne, 1989
Paul Deacon, History of the Lombards, Book IV, XXXVIII.

Charles Cawley, "Rilda [archive]" on Medieval Lands, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, 2006-2016. < link >
"Rhild and Grimoald child [archive]", In: German vigils; chronicles, tales, popular traditions and beliefs, by Grimm. Imprimerie de Mme Huzard, Paris, 1838, pp. 58-60 < link >

Genealogy

-http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20900-1100.htm#Gis...
1. GISULF (-killed in battle Friulia 610). The primary source which confirms that Gisulf was the son of Duke Gisulf I has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father as GISULF II Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Gaidoaldus dux de Tridento et Gisulfus de Foroiuli" rebelled against Agilolf King of the Lombards but were pardoned[172]. His importance as ruler in Friulia is shown by Paulus Diaconus specifying that the installation of "Iohannes" as Patriarch of Aquileja was "cum consensu regis et Gisulfi ducis"[173]. Paulus Diaconus records that "rex Avarum" launched another invasion during which "Gisulfus Foroiulianis dux" was killed[174].

m ROMILDA, daughter of ---. Paulus Diaconus names "Romilda" as wife of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when he records her escape with her children after her husband was killed[175].

Duke Gisulf & his wife had eight children:

historical [modern] place names:

birth - Kingdom of the Lombards [Italian Peninsula]

The Kingdom of the Lombards (regnum Langobardorum), later the Kingdom of (all) Italy (regnum totius Italiae), was an early medieval state established by the Lombards, a Germanic-speaking people, on the Italian Peninsula between 568–69. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards

http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/ItalyLombards.htm

death - Duchy of Friuli, Langobardia Major, Kingdom of the Lombards [Friuli, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Veneto, Italy] or: Forum Iluli, Langobardia Major, Kingdom of the Lombards [Cividale del Friuli, Udine, Friuli-Venezia, Italy]

Cividale del Friuli (Friulian: Cividât, German: Östrich, Slovene: Čedad) is a town and comune in the Province of Udine, part of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Northern Italy. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli

The Duchy of Friuli was a Lombard duchy in present-day Friuli, the first to be established after the conquest of the Italian peninsula in 568. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Friuli

Langobardia Maior was the name that, in the Early Middle Ages, was given to the domains of the Lombard Kingdom in Northern Italy. It comprised Lombardy proper with its capital Pavia, the Duchies of Friuli and Trent as well as the Tuscany region. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobardia_Major

Summary:

Relationships:

Parents:

Father: Gisulf I, dux Foroiulanis (Duke of Friuli), d. c590 according to Wikipedia
Mother: Unknown

Siblings:

1. Grasulf (d. 641), dux Foroiulanis (he succeeded Gisulf's sons in this position after his death in 610)

Spouse: Romilda (according to Paulus Deaconus)

Children:

1. Taso, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy)
2. Cacco, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy)
3. Radoald, dux de Benevento (641/642 - 647/648)
4. Grimoald I, dux de Benevento (647/648 - 671)
5. Appa, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi)
6. Gaila, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi)
7. Unknown daughter
8. Unknown daughter

Basic information :

Birth: circa 565 (unknown if it was before or after the Lombard invasion of Italy in 569)

Baptism: Unknown.

Marriage: Unknown, but probably between 580 and 595, given the execution date of his eldest sons, and the likely spacing of 8 children who survived him.

Death: 610, during an invasion by the King of the Avars into his Duchy (Ducato).

Burial: Unknown (killed in battle, body may not have been recovered)

Occupation: dux Foroiulanis (military leader of the territory around Forum Iulii, later known as Cividale di Friuli), circa 590 - 610.

Alternate Names: Gisulfus de Foroiuli,

From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on Northern Italy (covering both birth family and his marriage family):

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20900-1100.htm#Gis...

DUKES of FRIULIA [569]-625

GISULF, son of --- .

Shield-bearer of Alboin King of the Lombards, who installed him as duke in the region of Friuli after the Longobard migration into Italy in [569][167], in effect succeeding as GISULF I Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that King Alboin installed "Gisulfum…suum nepotem" as "ducem…[in] Foroiulanæ civitati"[168]. The Chronicle of Andreas Bergomatis records that Alboin conceded Friuli to "nepoti sui Gisolfi"[169].
The precise relationship between Gisulf and King Alboin is unknown and may have been more remote than implied by "nephew" if the word nepos if translated strictly in these passages.
m ---. The name of the wife of Duke Gisulf has not yet been identified.

Duke Gisulf & his wife had two children:

1. GISULF (-killed in battle Friulia 610).

The primary source which confirms that Gisulf was the son of Duke Gisulf I has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father as GISULF II Duke of Friulia.
Paulus Diaconus records that "Gaidoaldus dux de Tridento et Gisulfus de Foroiuli" rebelled against Agilolf King of the Lombards but were pardoned[170].
His importance as ruler in Friulia is shown by Paulus Diaconus specifying that the installation of "Iohannes" as Patriarch of Aquileja was "cum consensu regis et Gisulfi ducis"[171].
Paulus Diaconus records that "rex Avarum" launched another invasion during which "Gisulfus Foroiulianis dux" was killed[172].

m ROMILDA, daughter of ---.

Paulus Diaconus names "Romilda" as wife of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when he records her escape with her children after her husband was killed[173].

Duke Gisulf & his wife had eight children:

a) TASO (-executed Opitergium 625).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[174].
He succeeded his father in 610 as TASO Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Taso et Cacco filii eius" succeeded as dukes of Friulia after the death of their father[175].

b) CACCO (-executed Opitergium 625).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[176].
He succeeded his father in 610 as CACCO Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Taso et Cacco filii eius" succeeded as dukes of Friulia after the death of their father[177].

c) RADOALD (-[647/48]).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[178]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Radoald…et Grimoald" went to Benevento to join "Arichis Beneventanorum ducem"[179]. He fled to Benevento with his brother Romuald after the execution of their two older brothers.
He succeeded his relative Aion I in [641/42] as RADOALD Duke of Benevento.

d) GRIMOALD (-671, bur Ticinum, Basilica of St Ambrosius).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording Grimoald's difficulty in escaping after the death of their father[180]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Radoald…et Grimoald" went to Benevento to join "Arichis Beneventanorum ducem"[181]. He fled to Benevento with his brother Radoald after the execution of their two older brothers.
He succeeded his brother in [647/48] as GRIMOALD I Duke of Benevento.

e) APPA .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", recording that one later married "Alamannorum regi, alia…Baioariorum principi", without specifying which[182].
[m --- [Duke of Alamannia] ---. The identity of this Alamannian duke is not known, assuming that the report of Paulus Diaconus is accurate.]

f) GAILA .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", recording that one later married "Alamannorum regi, alia…Baioariorum principi", without specifying which[183].
[m --- [Duke of Bavaria] ---. The identity of this Bavarian duke has not yet been identified, assuming that the report of Paulus Diaconus is accurate.]

g) daughter .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux"[184].

h) daughter .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux"[185].

Brother of Gisulf II:

2. GRASULF (-[641]).

Paulus Diaconus names "Grasulfus, Gisulfi germanus" when recording that he was installed as "dux Foroiulanis"[186].
Paulus Diaconus records the death of "aput Foroiuli Grasulfo duce" and the accession of Ago, the passage being undated but immediately following the report of the death of Emperor Heraclius which is dated to 641[187]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Ago" succeeded on the death of "Grasulfo Foroiulanorum duce", and after the death of Ago, "Lupus"[188].

…

The precise relationship between Arichis and Duke Gisulf II has not yet been identified:

3. ARICHIS, son of --- .

Paulus Diaconus records the death of "Zottone Beneventanorum duce", specifying that "Arigis" was appointed to succeed as missus by King Agilulf, specifying that he was "consanguineus" of "Gisulfi Foroiulani ducis" (presumably referring to Duke Gisulf II) whose sons he had educated[189]. The precise relationship between Duke Gisulf and Arichis has not yet been identified.
According to the Chronicon Ducum Beneventi, Salerni, Capuæ et Neapolis, "Archis" was installed as ARICHIS I Duke of Benevento in [604/05] and ruled 50 years[190] but the period is exaggerated.

References:

[167] Christie, N. (1998) The Lombards (Blackwell, Oxford), pp. 76-7.
[168] Pauli Historia Langobardorum II.9, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 77.
[169] Andreæ Bergomatis Chronicon 1, MGH SS III, p. 232.
[170] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.27, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 125.
[171] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.33, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 127.
[172] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[173] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[174] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[175] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.38, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 132.
[176] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[177] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.38, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 132.
[178] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[179] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133.
[180] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128.
[181] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133.
[182] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129.
[183] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129.
[184] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129.
[185] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129.
[186] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133.
[187] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.50, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 137.
[188] Pauli Historia Langobardorum V.17, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 151.
[189] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.18, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 122.
[190] Chronicon Ducum Beneventi, Salerni, Capuæ et Neapolis, MGH SS III, p. 211.

From the Wikipedia page on Gisulf II of Friuli:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisulf_II_of_Friuli

Gisulf II was the Duke of Friuli from around 591[1] to his death. He was the son and successor of Gisulf I.

Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria.

Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus to the patriarchate of Aquileia in 606.

The most significant event of his reign however occurred probably in 611[2]. The Avars invaded Italy and Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to meet them. The Avars were a larger force, however, and they sooned overwhelmed the Lombards.

Gisulf died in battle and his duchy was overrun. He left four sons and four daughters by his wife Romilda (or Ramhilde). His elder two sons, Tasso and Kakko, succeeded him.

Gisulf's younger sons, Radoald and Grimoald, fled to the Arechis I of Benevento, a relative of Gisulf's. They both eventually became dukes of Benevento in turn and Grimoald even became king. Gisulf left two daughters, Appa and Geila (or Gaila). Paul the Deacon says that one married the King of the Alemanni (uncertain) and another the Prince of the Bavarians, probably Garibald II of Bavaria, but he does not identify who married whom.

Notes

1.^ Or 594.

2.^ It has been dated as early as 602. However, Gisulf certainly took part in the confirmation of Candidianus in 606.

Sources

Paul the Deacon. Historia Langobardorum. Available at Northvegr.

Allmänna hänvisningar:

Gisulf och Gaidoald av Trent var i strid med kung Agilulf tills de slöt fred i 602 eller 603 . Gisulf allierade sig också med avarerna att föra krig på Istrien.

Gisulf var inblandad i den lokala kyrkan. Biskoparna av " schismatics av Istrien och Venetia ", som Paul diakonen kallar dem , flydde till skyddet av Gisulf . Gisulf deltog också i bekräftelsen av den av Candidianus till patriarkatet i Aquileia i 606 .

Den mest betydelsefulla händelsen av hans regeringstid inträffade dock troligen i 611 [ 2 ]. Den avarerna invaderade Italien och Gisulf område är det första som de passerade . Gisulf tillkallade en stor armé och gick för att möta dem . Den avarerna var en större kraft , dock , och de sooned överväldigad langobarderna . Gisulf dött i strid och hans hertigdöme överskridits. Han lämnade fyra söner och fyra döttrar med sin hustru Romilda (eller Ramhilde ). Hans äldre två söner , Tasso och Kakko , efterträdde honom.

Gisulf yngre söner, Radoald och Grimoald , flydde till Arechis I i Benevento , en släkting till Gisulf 's. Båda blev så småningom hertigar av Benevento i tur och Grimoald även blev kung . Gisulf lämnade en dotter, Geila , som gifte sig Garibald II av Bayern

1: e hertig av Friuli ( 575-585 )

Allmänna hänvisningar:

den första hertigen av Friuli (då Forum Julii ) , en brorson till Alboin första kung av langobarderna i Italien, som son till hans bror Grasulf . Alboin utnämnde honom till hertig runt 569 efter Lombard erövringen av regionen.

Innan dess hade Gisulf varit hans farbrors marpahis eller " herre på hästen ", som ibland uppfattas som en sköld - bärare. Han var, enligt Paul diakonen , " en man passar på alla sätt. "[1] Han frågade Alboin om lov att välja vilken Faras eller klaner han skulle härska över i Friuli och denna begäran beviljades. Han Därmed valde som familjer skulle bosätta sig permanent i Friuli och han " fått äran av en ledare ( ducior ). " [ 2] Liksom beviljade Alboin honom en stor besättning med ston , kanske som ett erkännande av hans tidigare tjänst

Gisulf II was the Duke of Friuli from around 591 to his death. He was the son and successor of Gisulf I.

Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria.

Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus to the patriarchate of Aquileia in 606.

The most significant event of his reign however occurred probably in 611. The Avars invaded Italy and Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to meet them. The Avars were a larger force, however, and they sooned overwhelmed the Lombards. Gisulf died in battle and his duchy was overrun. He left four sons and four daughters by his wife Romilda (or Ramhilde). His elder two sons, Tasso and Kakko, succeeded him.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisulf_II_of_Friuli for more information.

Relationships:

Parents:

Father: Gisulf I, dux Foroiulanis (Duke of Friuli), d. c590 according to Wikipedia Mother: Unknown Siblings:

1. Grasulf (d. 641), dux Foroiulanis (he succeeded Gisulf's sons in this position after his death in 610) Spouse: Romilda (according to Paulus Deaconus)

Children:

1. Taso, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy)
2. Cacco, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy)
3. Radoald, dux de Benevento (641/642 - 647/648)
4. Grimoald I, dux de Benevento (647/648 - 671)
5. Appa, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi)
6. Gaila, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi)
7. Unknown daughter
8. Unknown daughter

Basic information :

Birth: circa 565 (unknown if it was before or after the Lombard invasion of Italy in 569)

Baptism: Unknown.

Marriage: Unknown, but probably between 580 and 595, given the execution date of his eldest sons, and the likely spacing of 8 children who survived him.

Death: 610, during an invasion by the King of the Avars into his Duchy (Ducato).

Burial: Unknown (killed in battle, body may not have been recovered)

Occupation: dux Foroiulanis (military leader of the territory around Forum Iulii, later known as Cividale di Friuli), circa 590 - 610.

Alternate Names: Gisulfus de Foroiuli,

From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on Northern Italy (covering both birth family and his marriage family):

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20900-1100.htm#Gis...

DUKES of FRIULIA [569]-625

GISULF, son of --- .

Shield-bearer of Alboin King of the Lombards, who installed him as duke in the region of Friuli after the Longobard migration into Italy in [569][167], in effect succeeding as GISULF I Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that King Alboin installed "Gisulfum…suum nepotem" as "ducem…[in] Foroiulanæ civitati"[168]. The Chronicle of Andreas Bergomatis records that Alboin conceded Friuli to "nepoti sui Gisolfi"[169]. The precise relationship between Gisulf and King Alboin is unknown and may have been more remote than implied by "nephew" if the word nepos if translated strictly in these passages. m ---. The name of the wife of Duke Gisulf has not yet been identified. Duke Gisulf & his wife had two children:

1. GISULF (-killed in battle Friulia 610).

The primary source which confirms that Gisulf was the son of Duke Gisulf I has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father as GISULF II Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Gaidoaldus dux de Tridento et Gisulfus de Foroiuli" rebelled against Agilolf King of the Lombards but were pardoned[170]. His importance as ruler in Friulia is shown by Paulus Diaconus specifying that the installation of "Iohannes" as Patriarch of Aquileja was "cum consensu regis et Gisulfi ducis"[171]. Paulus Diaconus records that "rex Avarum" launched another invasion during which "Gisulfus Foroiulianis dux" was killed[172]. m ROMILDA, daughter of ---.

Paulus Diaconus names "Romilda" as wife of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when he records her escape with her children after her husband was killed[173]. Duke Gisulf & his wife had eight children:

a) TASO (-executed Opitergium 625).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[174]. He succeeded his father in 610 as TASO Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Taso et Cacco filii eius" succeeded as dukes of Friulia after the death of their father[175]. b) CACCO (-executed Opitergium 625).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[176]. He succeeded his father in 610 as CACCO Duke of Friulia. Paulus Diaconus records that "Taso et Cacco filii eius" succeeded as dukes of Friulia after the death of their father[177]. c) RADOALD (-[647/48]).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording their escape after their father was killed[178]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Radoald…et Grimoald" went to Benevento to join "Arichis Beneventanorum ducem"[179]. He fled to Benevento with his brother Romuald after the execution of their two older brothers. He succeeded his relative Aion I in [641/42] as RADOALD Duke of Benevento. d) GRIMOALD (-671, bur Ticinum, Basilica of St Ambrosius).

Paulus Diaconus names "Taso et Cacco iam adulescentes, Raduald…et Grimuald adhuc in puerili ætate" as the sons of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", when recording Grimoald's difficulty in escaping after the death of their father[180]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Radoald…et Grimoald" went to Benevento to join "Arichis Beneventanorum ducem"[181]. He fled to Benevento with his brother Radoald after the execution of their two older brothers. He succeeded his brother in [647/48] as GRIMOALD I Duke of Benevento. e) APPA .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", recording that one later married "Alamannorum regi, alia…Baioariorum principi", without specifying which[182]. [m --- [Duke of Alamannia] ---. The identity of this Alamannian duke is not known, assuming that the report of Paulus Diaconus is accurate.] f) GAILA .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux", recording that one later married "Alamannorum regi, alia…Baioariorum principi", without specifying which[183]. [m --- [Duke of Bavaria] ---. The identity of this Bavarian duke has not yet been identified, assuming that the report of Paulus Diaconus is accurate.] g) daughter .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux"[184]. h) daughter .

Paulus Diaconus names "una Appa alia Gaila…duarum vero nomina non retinemus" as the daughters of "Gisulfus Foroiulanus dux"[185]. Brother of Gisulf II:

2. GRASULF (-[641]).

Paulus Diaconus names "Grasulfus, Gisulfi germanus" when recording that he was installed as "dux Foroiulanis"[186]. Paulus Diaconus records the death of "aput Foroiuli Grasulfo duce" and the accession of Ago, the passage being undated but immediately following the report of the death of Emperor Heraclius which is dated to 641[187]. Paulus Diaconus records that "Ago" succeeded on the death of "Grasulfo Foroiulanorum duce", and after the death of Ago, "Lupus"[188]. …

The precise relationship between Arichis and Duke Gisulf II has not yet been identified:

3. ARICHIS, son of --- .

Paulus Diaconus records the death of "Zottone Beneventanorum duce", specifying that "Arigis" was appointed to succeed as missus by King Agilulf, specifying that he was "consanguineus" of "Gisulfi Foroiulani ducis" (presumably referring to Duke Gisulf II) whose sons he had educated[189]. The precise relationship between Duke Gisulf and Arichis has not yet been identified. According to the Chronicon Ducum Beneventi, Salerni, Capuæ et Neapolis, "Archis" was installed as ARICHIS I Duke of Benevento in [604/05] and ruled 50 years[190] but the period is exaggerated. References:

[167] Christie, N. (1998) The Lombards (Blackwell, Oxford), pp. 76-7. [168] Pauli Historia Langobardorum II.9, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 77. [169] Andreæ Bergomatis Chronicon 1, MGH SS III, p. 232. [170] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.27, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 125. [171] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.33, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 127. [172] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [173] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [174] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [175] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.38, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 132. [176] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [177] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.38, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 132. [178] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [179] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133. [180] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 128. [181] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133. [182] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129. [183] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129. [184] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129. [185] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.37, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 129. [186] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.39, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 133. [187] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.50, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 137. [188] Pauli Historia Langobardorum V.17, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 151. [189] Pauli Historia Langobardorum IV.18, MGH SS rer Lang I, p. 122. [190] Chronicon Ducum Beneventi, Salerni, Capuæ et Neapolis, MGH SS III, p. 211.

From the Wikipedia page on Gisulf II of Friuli:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisulf_II_of_Friuli

Gisulf II was the Duke of Friuli from around 591[1] to his death. He was the son and successor of Gisulf I.

Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria.

Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus to the patriarchate of Aquileia in 606.

The most significant event of his reign however occurred probably in 611[2]. The Avars invaded Italy and Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to meet them. The Avars were a larger force, however, and they sooned overwhelmed the Lombards.

Gisulf died in battle and his duchy was overrun. He left four sons and four daughters by his wife Romilda (or Ramhilde). His elder two sons, Tasso and Kakko, succeeded him.

Gisulf's younger sons, Radoald and Grimoald, fled to the Arechis I of Benevento, a relative of Gisulf's. They both eventually became dukes of Benevento in turn and Grimoald even became king. Gisulf left two daughters, Appa and Geila (or Gaila). Paul the Deacon says that one married the King of the Alemanni (uncertain) and another the Prince of the Bavarians, probably Garibald II of Bavaria, but he does not identify who married whom.

Notes

1.^ Or 594.

2.^ It has been dated as early as 602. However, Gisulf certainly took part in the confirmation of Candidianus in 606.

Sources

Paul the Deacon. Historia Langobardorum. Available at Northvegr.

Allmänna hänvisningar:

Gisulf och Gaidoald av Trent var i strid med kung Agilulf tills de slöt fred i 602 eller 603 . Gisulf allierade sig också med avarerna att föra krig på Istrien.

Gisulf var inblandad i den lokala kyrkan. Biskoparna av " schismatics av Istrien och Venetia ", som Paul diakonen kallar dem , flydde till skyddet av Gisulf . Gisulf deltog också i bekräftelsen av den av Candidianus till patriarkatet i Aquileia i 606 .

Den mest betydelsefulla händelsen av hans regeringstid inträffade dock troligen i 611 [ 2 ]. Den avarerna invaderade Italien och Gisulf område är det första som de passerade . Gisulf tillkallade en stor armé och gick för att möta dem . Den avarerna var en större kraft , dock , och de sooned överväldigad langobarderna . Gisulf dött i strid och hans hertigdöme överskridits. Han lämnade fyra söner och fyra döttrar med sin hustru Romilda (eller Ramhilde ). Hans äldre två söner , Tasso och Kakko , efterträdde honom.

Gisulf yngre söner, Radoald och Grimoald , flydde till Arechis I i Benevento , en släkting till Gisulf 's. Båda blev så småningom hertigar av Benevento i tur och Grimoald även blev kung . Gisulf lämnade en dotter, Geila , som gifte sig Garibald II av Bayern -------------------- 1: e hertig av Friuli ( 575-585 )

Allmänna hänvisningar:

den första hertigen av Friuli (då Forum Julii ) , en brorson till Alboin första kung av langobarderna i Italien, som son till hans bror Grasulf . Alboin utnämnde honom till hertig runt 569 efter Lombard erövringen av regionen.

Innan dess hade Gisulf varit hans farbrors marpahis eller " herre på hästen ", som ibland uppfattas som en sköld - bärare. Han var, enligt Paul diakonen , " en man passar på alla sätt. "[1] Han frågade Alboin om lov att välja vilken Faras eller klaner han skulle härska över i Friuli och denna begäran beviljades. Han Därmed valde som familjer skulle bosätta sig permanent i Friuli och han " fått äran av en ledare ( ducior ). " [ 2] Liksom beviljade Alboin honom en stor besättning med ston , kanske som ett erkännande av hans tidigare tjänst

Gisulf II was the Duke of Friuli from around 591 to his death. He was the son and successor of Gisulf I.

Gisulf and Gaidoald of Trent were at odds with King Agilulf until they made peace in 602 or 603. Gisulf also allied with the Avars to make war on Istria.

Gisulf was involved in the local church. The bishops of "the schismatics of Istria and Venetia," as Paul the Deacon calls them, fled to the protection of Gisulf. Gisulf also took part in the confirmation of the succession of Candidianus to the patriarchate of Aquileia in 606.

The most significant event of his reign however occurred probably in 611. The Avars invaded Italy and Gisulf's territory was the first they passed through. Gisulf summoned a large army and went to meet them. The Avars were a larger force, however, and they sooned overwhelmed the Lombards. Gisulf died in battle and his duchy was overrun. He left four sons and four daughters by his wife Romilda (or Ramhilde). His elder two sons, Tasso and Kakko, succeeded him.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisulf_II_of_Friuli for more information.

Summary:

Relationships:

Parents:

Father: Gisulf I, dux Foroiulanis (Duke of Friuli), d. c590 according to Wikipedia Mother: Unknown Siblings:

1. Grasulf (d. 641), dux Foroiulanis (he succeeded Gisulf's sons in this position after his death in 610) Spouse: Romilda (according to Paulus Deaconus)

Children:

1. Taso, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy) 2. Cacco, dux Foroiulanis (d. 625, executed at Opitergium, Ducato di Friuli, Regnum Langobardorum, or present Oderzo, provincia Treviso, Regione Veneto, Italy) 3. Radoald, dux de Benevento (641/642 - 647/648) 4. Grimoald I, dux de Benevento (647/648 - 671) 5. Appa, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi) 6. Gaila, (m. either a Duke of Alemannia or a Duke of Bavaria, possibly Garibaldi) 7. Unknown daughter 8. Unknown daughter Basic information :