Margaret FitzGerald, Countess Ormonde

Margaret FitzGerald, Countess of Ormond

Margaret FitzGerald, Countess of Ormond, Countess of Ossory (born circa 1473-died 9 August 1542)[1] was an Irish noblewoman and a member of the powerful and celebrated FitzGerald dynasty also known as "The Geraldines". She married Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond, by whom she had four sons and five daughters.

In 1501,[2] she rebuilt Gowran Castle. In 1502, she also decorated St. Mary's Collegiate Church Gowran where her husband Sir Piers Butler's ancestors are buried including, Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick and Lord Deputy of Ireland, his son James Butler, First Earl of Ormonde, his grandson also James Butler second Earl of Ormonde his great grandson James Butler, third Earl of Ormonde. James Butler, third Earl of Ormonde built the first castle in Gowran in 1385 and made it his main residence. He bought Kilkenny Castle in 1391. She was a patron of schools and craftsmen and also played an active role in legal affairs pertaining to the Ormond estates.[3] She is sometimes styled the Great Countess of Ormond[4] or by her Irish name of Mairgread Gerroid. The Reverend James Graves in his History of the Cathedral Church of St. Canice, Kilkenny described her as having been "unquestionably one of the most remarkable women of her age and country".[5]

Lady Margaret was born in Ireland, the daughter of Gerard FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare and his first wife Alison FitzEustace, daughter of Rowland FitzEustace, 1st Baron Portlester.[6] She had a brother Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare, three sisters, Lady Eleanor Fitzgerald (ca. 1482-after 1541), Lady Alice, and Lady Eustacia; and five half-brothers from her father's later marriage to Elizabeth St. John following the death of her mother on 22 November 1495.

Her father was the premier nobleman in Ireland and he also served as Lord Deputy of Ireland during the reigns of English kings Edward IV, Edward V, Richard III, Henry VII, and Henry VIII. One of her nephews was Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare, known in Irish history as "Silken Thomas"; and one of her nieces was Elizabeth Clinton, Countess of Lincoln, the celebrated "Fair Geraldine", by her brother Gerald's second wife, Lady Elizabeth Grey.

Margaret was also known by her Irish name of Mairgread Gerroid, or else playfully as Magheen or Little Margaret, due to her tall stature.[7]

In 1485, she married Piers Ruadh Butler, son of Sir James Butler of Polestown (modern day Paulstown) and Sabh Kavanagh. The marriage was political; arranged with the purpose of ending the long-standing rivalry between the two families.[8] In the early years of their marriage, Margaret and her husband were reduced to penury by James Dubh Butler, an illegitimate nephew and agent of the absentee Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond, who resided in England and was rumoured to have been the wealthiest subject in the realm.[8] Piers retaliated by killing James Dubh in a skirmish in 1497; however, he received a pardon for his crime on 22 February 1498. Piers had a claim to the Earldom of Ormond, and on 3 August 1515, upon the death of the 7th Earl of Ormond (who had only two daughters as heirs), he succeeded as the 8th Earl of Ormond. Years earlier, in 1498, he and Margaret had seized Kilkenny Castle and made it their chief residence. Through her considerable efforts, the standard of living inside the castle had been greatly improved.

In 1528, Margaret's husband was persuaded to renounce his Ormond title in favour of one of his rival claimants, the 7th Earl's grandson, Sir Thomas Boleyn, whose daughter, Anne Boleyn was being courted by King Henry VIII with the purpose of making her queen consort. In 1522, there had been a proposal that Anne should marry James, the eldest son of Margaret and Piers, in an attempt to resolve the dispute over the earldom which had broken out following the death of the 7th Earl and subsequent accession of Piers.[9] She would have brought her Ormond inheritance as dowry, and thus ended the dispute. For reasons unknown, the marriage negotiations ended in failure,[10] and the King shortly afterwards became enamoured of Anne. To please her as well as elevate her in rank, Henry decided to bestow the earldoms of Ormond and Wiltshire upon her father. Aided by Cardinal Thomas Wolsey Piers was compensated for his loss of title by being made 1st Earl of Ossory that same year (1528). In 1535, James was created Viscount Thurles.

Together Margaret and Piers had a total of nine children:

• James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond, Viscount Thurles (1496- 28 October 1546), married Lady Joan Fitzgerald, by whom he had issue.
• Richard Butler, 1st Viscount Mountgarret (1500- 20 May 1571), married Eleanor Butler, by whom he had issue.
• Thomas Butler, married Joan Sutton, by whom he had issue.
• Edmund Butler, Archbishop of Cashel (died 1551)
• Catherine Butler (died 17 March 1553), married firstly Richard Power, 1st Baron Le Power and Coroghmore, by whom she had issue; her second husband was James Fitzgerald, 14th Earl of Desmond.
• Margaret Butler, married firstly Richard de Burgh "MacWilliam", by whom she had issue; secondly Barnaby FitzPatrick, 1st Baron of Upper Ossory, by whom she had issue; and thirdly Thomas Fitzgerald, by whom she had two daughters.
• Joan Butler, married James Butler of Dunboyne, by whom she had issue.
• Eleanor Butler (died after 1550), married Thomas Butler, 1st Baron Cahir, by whom she had issue.
• Helen Butler (died 2 July 1597), married Donough O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Thomond, by whom she had issue.

The earldom of Ormond was restored to Piers on 22 February 1538 after Thomas Boleyn, whose daughter Queen Anne Boleyn had been executed for High Treason in 1536, died. Prior to that date, Piers and Margaret had continued to style themselves as Earl and Countess of Ormond.

Margaret was sometimes styled the "Great Countess of Ormond". She signed herself "Margaret Fitzgerald of the Geraldines", and occupied herself in legal matters regarding her family and the Ormond estates,[3] having worked with Piers in developing the estate, expanding and rebuilding manor houses. She also established Kilkenny Grammar School.[11] She urged Piers to bring over skilled weavers and artificers from Flanders and she helped establish industries for the production of carpets, tapestries and diapers (a type of cloth).[8] Margaret and her husband were responsible for having commissioned significant additions to the castles of Granagh and Ormond. They also rebuilt Gowran Castle, which had been originally constructed in 1385 by James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond.

Richard Stanihurst described Margaret as having been "manlike and tall of staure, liberal and bountiful, a sure friend and a bitter enemy".[12] He also credits her with having improved the standard of living in Kilkenny. Reverend James Graves said of her: "The fairest daughter of the Earl of Kildare was unquestionably one of the most remarkable women of her age and country".[12] He also claims that she was the "traditional builder of nearly every castle in the district".[12] Another chronicler considered her "a lady so politic, that nothing was thought substantially debated without her advice,[13] while another described her as "able for wisdom to rule a realm had not her stomach overruled itself".[8]

Margaret also developed a personal estate on her jointure lands which eventually descended to her younger son, Richard, 1st Viscount Mountgarret.[13]

Her husband Piers died in 1539; Margaret was the sole executor of his will. She herself died on 9 August 1542 and was buried in St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny alongside Piers. Their effigies are on their tomb.

From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piers_Butler,_8th_Earl_of_Ormond

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• Margaret FitzGerald1
• F, #15013, d. 9 September 1542
• Father Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl Kildare b. 1456, d. 3 Sep 1513
• Mother Allison FitzEustace b. c 1459, d. 22 Nov 1495
• Margaret FitzGerald married Sir Piers Butler, 8th Earl Ormonde, Earl of Ossory, son of Sir James Butler and Sabh MacMorough Kavanaugh, in 1485. Margaret FitzGerald died on 9 September 1542.
• Family Sir Piers Butler, 8th Earl Ormonde, Earl of Ossory b. 1467, d. 26 Aug 1539
• Children
  • Ellen Butler2 d. 2 Jul 1597
  • Sir Richard Butler, 1st Viscount Mountgarret3 d. 20 Dec 1571
  • Thomas Butler4 d. 1532
  • Margaret Butler4 d. bt 9 Sep 1542 - 25 Jul 1551
  • Catherine Butler5 d. 17 Mar 1553
  • Joan Butler4
  • Ellinor Butler4,6
  • James Butler, 9th Earl Ormonde, Viscount Thurles7 b. b 20 Jul 1504, d. 28 Oct 1546
• Citations
• [S3921] Unknown author, Burke's Peerage, 1938, p. 1909.
• [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. XII/1, p. 704.
• [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. IX, p. 320-321.
• [S147] Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage, 1938 ed., by Sir Bernard Burke, p., 1909.
• [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. X, p. 626.
• [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. II, p. 465.
• [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. X, p. 142-144.
• From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p500.htm#i... _________________________
• Lady Margaret FitzGerald1
• F, #33155, d. 1542
• Last Edited=8 Feb 2015
• Lady Margaret FitzGerald was the daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare and Alison Eustace.1 She married Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormonde, son of Sir James Butler and Sabh Kavanagh, circa 1485.2 She died in 1542.2 She was buried at St. Canice Cathedral, Kilkenny, County Kilkenny, Ireland.3
• From circa 1485, her married name became Butler.2 As a result of her marriage, Lady Margaret FitzGerald was styled as Countess of Ormonde on 3 August 1515.
• Children of Lady Margaret FitzGerald and Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormonde
  • Lady Ellen Butler+4 d. 2 Jul 1597
  • Hon. John Butler+4 d. 10 May 1570
  • Richard Butler, 1st Viscount Mountgarret+4 d. 20 Dec 1571
  • Lady Margaret Butler+4
  • Lady Joan Butler+4
  • Lady Eleanor Butler+5 d. a 1550
  • Lady Katherine Butler+4 d. 17 Mar 1552/53
  • Lady Ellice Butler+4
  • Hon. Thomas Butler4 d. 1532
  • James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormonde+4 b. b 20 Jul 1504, d. 28 Oct 1546
• Citations
• [S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 2298. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
• [S1007] Dr. G. Harry McLaughlin, "re: McLaughlin Family," e-mail message to Darryl Lundy, 25 January 2004 and 6 April 2004. Hereinafter cited as "re: McLaughlin Family."
• [S4697] Charles R. Buterl, "re: Butler Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger LUNDY (101053), 27 June 2010. Hereinafter cited as "re: Butler Family."
• [S37] BP2003. [S37]
• [S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, page 465. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
• From: http://www.thepeerage.com/p3316.htm#i33155 ________________________
• Margaret FITZGERALD (C. Ormonde)
• Died: 9 Aug 1542
• Buried: St. Canice, Kilkenny, Ireland
• Notes: played an active role in legal matters concerning her family and the Ormond estate and was sole executor of the will of her husband, Piers Butler, 8th E. of Ormond and 1st E. of Ossory. In the seventeenth century, Margaret and her husband were credited with having brought civilization to Tipperary and Kilkenny. Margaret in particular was a patron of both schools and craftsmen.
• Father: Gerald Garret Mor FITZGERALD (8° E. Kildare)
• Mother: Alison FITZEUSTACE
• Married: Piers BUTLER (8° E. Ormonde) ABT 1485
• Children:
  • 1. James BUTLER (9° E. Ormonde)
  • 2. Margaret BUTLER
  • 3. Thomas BUTLER
  • 4. Richard BUTLER (1° V. Mountgarret)
  • 5. Edmund BUTLER (Archbishop of Cashel)
  • 6. Catherine BUTLER (C. Desmond)
  • 7. Joan BUTLER
  • 8. Helen BUTLER (C. Thomond)
  • 9. Eleanor BUTLER
• From: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/FITZGERALD1.htm#Margaret FITZGERALD1 _______________________
• Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 08
• Butler, Pierce (d.1539) by Thomas Finlayson Henderson ‎
• BUTLER, Sir PIERCE or PIERS, eighth Earl of Ormonde and first Earl of Ossory (d. 1539), was descended from the Butlers, baronets of Poolestown, and was the son of Sir James Butler and Sawe (Sabina), daughter of Donnell Reogh MacMurrough Cavenagh, prince of his sept. He succeeded Thomas, seventh earl of Ormonde, in 1515. He took a prominent part in suppressing the Irish rebellions, and when the Earl of Surrey, who was his intimate friend, left the kingdom in 1521, he was appointed lord-deputy. Owing to the representations of the Talbots he was removed from the government in 1524, but the king, to indicate his disagreement with the decision of the commissioners, created him on 13 May lord-treasurer of Ireland. At the special request of the king he surrendered the earldom of Ormonde to Sir Thomas Boleyn (or Bullen), grandson of the seventh earl of Ormonde and brother of Anne Boleyn, and in lieu thereof he was created Earl of Ossory by patent dated 23 Feb. 1527–8. By Lodge and other authorities it is stated that the earldom of Ormonde was restored to Sir Pierce Butler on 22 Feb. 1537–8, on the death of Sir Thomas Boleyn; but, as is shown by Mr. J. H. Round (Foster, Collect. Geneal. vol. i.), the grant of the earldom was made before the death of Thomas Boleyn, earl of Wiltshire and Ormonde, and that the earldom was a new one is sufficiently attested by the fact that it was limited to heirs male of his body. After its conferment ‘the Earl of Wilts,’ as is mentioned in the ‘Carew State Papers,’ ‘was content to be so named earl of Ormonde in Ireland, semblably as the two Lords Dacres be named the one of the south and the other of the north’ (Calendar, Carew MSS. 1515–1574, p. 127). The Earl of Ormonde manifested the sincerity of his loyalty by his activity in taking measures for crushing the insurrection of his brother-in-law, Lord Thomas Fitzgerald, and after the latter's execution he was rewarded by a large grant of lands. He afterwards turned his arms against the Earl of Desmond, who submitted and took an oath of fidelity. He died on 21 or 26 Aug. 1539, and was buried in the chancel of St. Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny. He is stated to have been ‘a man of great honour and sincerity, infinitely good-natured.’ He brought over to Kilkenny artificers and manufacturers from Flanders and the neighbouring provinces, whom he employed in working tapestry, diaper, Turkey carpets, and similar industries. By his wife Margaret, daughter of Gerald Fitzgerald, earl of Kildare, he had three sons and six daughters. His second son, Richard, created Viscount Mountgarret, 23 Oct. 1550, was grandfather of Richard, third Viscount Mountgarret [q. v.] His eldest son, James, created Viscount Thurles in 1535, became ninth Earl of Ormonde, married Lady Joan Fitzgerald, daughter and heiress of James, eleventh earl of Desmond, was suspected of hostility to the English government, and was poisoned while in London at a supper at Ely House. He died on 28 Oct. 1546. His son Thomas (1532–1614) [q. v.] succeeded to the earldom.
• [Carte's Life of the Duke of Ormonde (Oxford ed. 1851), i. lxxxvi–xciii; Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, iv. 19–22; Paper on the Barony of Arklow by J. H. Round in Foster's Collectanea Genealogica, vol. i.; and on the Ormonde Attainders in the Genealogist, new ser., vol. i. No. 7, 186–9; State Papers, Irish Series; Calendar of Carew MSS.]
• From: http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Butler,_Pierce_(d.1539)_(DNB00)
• https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati08stepuoft#page/72/mode/1up to https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati08stepuoft#page/73/mode/1up _________________________