Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross

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Máel Coluim mac Áeda, Earl of Ross

Also Known As: "Malcolm II MacHeth Jarl of Ross", "Malcolm Earl of Ross", "Earl of Ross", "1st Earl of Ross"
Birthdate:
Birthplace: Scotland, United Kingdom
Death: circa 1168 (39-56)
Morayshire, Scotland
Place of Burial: Ross, Moray, Scotland
Immediate Family:

Son of Áed, Mórmaer of Moray
Husband of Unknown sister of Somerled, of the Isles
Father of Gormflaeth (Hvafleva) MacEth
Half brother of Gillecoimded mac Áeda; Malcom II MacHeth de Ros; Angus, Mórmaer of Moray and Gruaidh nic Áeda

Occupation: Mórmaer of Ross, Real or alleged son
Managed by: Sharon Doubell
Last Updated:
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Immediate Family

About Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross

Timeline of chronicled events in the lives of Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross & Malcolm MacAlexandair

as we have reconstructed it, using Alasdair Ross's excellent research work in 'The Identity of the Prisoner of Roxburgh: Malcolm son of Alexander or Malcolm MacEth?' in S. Arbuthnot, K. Hollo, and A.Ross (editors), Festschrift: Essays in honour of Professor Colm Ó Baoill, (forthcoming, 2004). which the author was kind enough to allow us to peruse. http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/handle/1893/2634#.VoaNgPl97IU Translations below, are, for the most part, by Alisdair Ross.



  • 1130: Angus, Mórmaer of Moray dies
  • 1130: Áed, Mórmaer of Moray disappears from record.
  • 1130: (Angus, Mórmaer of Moray and Malcolm MacAlexandair entered Scotland with five thousand armed men, attempting to gain control of the kingdom. Then Edward, son of Siward who had been a thane of Mercia in King Edward's time, himself a constable and a kinsman of David I, King of Scots, mustered the army and fell without warning on the enemy forces. In the course of the conflict he killed the earl of Moray and shattered his troops, killing some and putting the rest to flight. He and his forces, triumphant at their victory, hotly pursued the fugitives into the territory of Moray which no longer had a lord and defender, and with God's aid conquered the whole of that extensive duchy. Orderic Vitalis (c1141):
  • 1130: (In the same year Angus, Mórmaer of Moray, with Malcolm MacAlexandair, illegitimate son of Alexander I, King of Scots, who was brother of David I, King of Scots and had reigned before him, and with five thousand armed men entered Scotland, and wished to reduce the whole region to himself. At that time David I, King of Scots was present in the court of the king of the English; but Edward, his kinsman and leader of his knighthood, went against them with an army and slew Angus, Mórmaer of Moray, and overthrew, captured and routed his troops. Then he entered Moray, which lacked a defender and a lord; and control of the whole spacious region was, with God's help, through Edward made subject thenceforth to the religious King David.) Robert de Torigni, abbot of Mont-Saint-Michel’s World Chronicle: (c1154 -86)





  • 1160-62 (King Máel Coluim IV mac Eanric, King of Scots to Malcolm, earl of Ross; command to protect and maintain monks of Dunfermline, and cause them to have their rights by land and water as they had in time of King David.) Regesta Regum Scottorum, i, Acts of Malcolm IV, ed. G.W.S. Barrow (Edinburgh, 1960) no. 179



  • c1168 :Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross dies This is supposed to be Malcolm as son of Aed and younger brother of Oengus of Moray. He is *not* a De Ros from Holderness in Yorkshire, and has been assigned far too many wives and children.
  • 20 November 1160 X 13 September 1162 (King Malcolm to Malcolm, earl of Ross; command to protect and maintain monks of Dunfermline, and cause them to have their rights by land and water as they had in time of King David.) Regesta Regum Scottorum, i, Acts of Malcolm IV, ed. G.W.S. Barrow (Edinburgh, 1960) no. 179 http://db.poms.ac.uk/record/source/97/#

EARL of ROSS (MALCOLM MacEth)

The earldom of Ross was first created in 1162 by Malcolm IV King of Scotland in favour of Floris III Count of Holland who had married his sister, but withdrawn from him. It was then granted to Malcolm MacEth, probably illegitimate son of Alexander I King of Scotland. After his death in 1168, it was more than fifty years before the earldom was granted again, to Ferquhard MacTaggart.

MALCOLM, illegitimate son of ALEXANDER I King of Scotland & his mistress --- ([1105/15]-). Orderic Vitalis names "Melcofus" bastard son of King Alexander[1]. Robert of Torigny records that "Aragois comes Morefie cum Melcolmo notho filio Alexandri fratri regis David" invaded Scotland in 1130[2].
same person as …? MALCOLM MacHeth (-23 Oct 1168[3]). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Malcolmus filius Macheth" lied to claim he was "filium Angusii comitis Moraviæ" who was killed "tempore…regis David…apud Strucathroth a Scotis" and, after his alleged father’s death, rebelled against King David who imprisoned him "in turre castri de Marchemond, quond nunc Roxburgh nuncupator"[4]. Duncan suggests that these two persons were different, Malcolm MacHeth being the son of "Aed" or "Heth" who witnessed two charters in the early years of the reign of King David I[5]. It appears that Heth was the same person as Beth Mormaer [of Fife]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records that "Malcolm Macheth" made peace with the king the year after his son was captured[6]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that Malcolm MacHeth made peace with King Malcolm the year after his son was captured[7]. He was created Earl of Ross in 1162 or before[8]. m ([1130]%29 [--- of Argyll, daughter of ---]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Summerledus regulus Ergadiæ et sui nepotes, filii…Malcolmi Macheth" rebelled against King Malcolm IV in the first year of his reign[9]. This assumes that the term "nepos" should be interpreted as "nephews" in that source. Her marriage date is estimated assuming that it is correct that her husband was imprisoned from 1134, before which his two children must have been born. There would be no such restriction on the date if Malcolm son of King Alexander I and Malcolm MacHeth were two different persons as suggested by Duncan[10].

. HVORFLAED [Hvafleda or Gormflaeth/Gormlath] (before 1134-). Orkneyinga Saga records that “Hvarflod, the daughter of Earl Malcolm of Moray” was the second wife of Earl Harald[14]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records that "Harald the earl" was "goaded on by his wife, the daughter of Mached" to rebel against King William in 1196[15]. m as his second wife, HARALD Maddadsson Jarl of Orkney, son of MADDAD [of Scotland] Earl of Atholl & his second wife Margaret of Orkney (1134-1206).

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY%20LATER.htm#Mal... [The sons have been removed as current academic theory suggests that they belonged to Malcolm MacAlexander - not Malcolm MacEth See Project Malcolm MacHeth vs Malcolm MacAlexandar


This is Malcolm as son of Oengus, last of the Loarn Earls of Moray. He has been paired up with a sister of Somerled, rightly or wrongly, and assigned a daughter who was temporarily married to Haraldr Maddadson of Orkney. (He was Earl of Ross, not Moray - King Malcolm IV fobbed him off with a small piece of his birthright.)

Notes
It is now most interesting to know who the ancient Earls of Ross, from whom the Mackenzies are really descended, were. The first of these earls of whom we have any record is Malcolm Mac Heth to whom Malcolm IV. gave Ross in 1157, with the title of Earl of Ross, but the inhabitants rose against him and drove him out of the district [this may be a mis-remembrance of the way the Cumbrians rebelled against Bishop Wimund]. Wyntoun mentions an Earl "Gillandrys," a name which we believe is derived from the common ancestor of the Mackenzies and Rosses, "Gilleoin-Ard-Rois," as one of the six Celtic earls who besieged King Malcolm at Perth in 1160. Skene is also of opinion that this Gillandres represented the old Celtic earls of Ross, as the clan bearing the name of Ross are called in Gaelic Clann Ghilleanrias, or descendants of Gillandres, and may, he thinks, have led the revolt which drove Malcolm Mac Heth out of the earldom. We have seen that the first Earl of Ross recorded in history was Malcolm Mac Heth, to whom a precept is found, directed by Malcolm IV., requesting him to protect the monks of Dunfermline and defend them in their lawful privileges and possessions. The document is not dated, but judging from the names of the witnesses attesting it, the precept must have been issued before 1162. It will be remembered that Mac Heth was one of the six Celtic earls who besieged the King at Perth two years before, in 1160. [ http://www.fullbooks.com/History-Of-The-Mackenzies1.html ]

Sources [S386] Macdonald genealogy, Roddy Macdonald of the Clan Donald Society of Edinburgh, (http://www.clandonald.org.uk/genealogy.htm), genealogy/d0001/g0000032.html#I2532 (Reliability: 3)

Note: This account conflates two different men, Malcolm MacEth and son of Alexander.

ROSS EARLDOM [S.] II. 1162?

1. Malcolm MacEth, illegitimate son of Alexander I [S.],%28d141%29 in 1124, upon Alexander's death, fought two battles for the Crown, against his uncle David I.(e-141) In 1130 the "Earl" of Moray and Malcolm again entered Scotland; the "Earl" was defeated at Stricathrow, Moray became a province of Scotland, and Malcolm MacEth a fugitive. He was captured in 1134, and imprisoned in Roxburgh Castle.(f-141) Liberated after not less than 23 years' imprisonment, as Malcolm Maceth he witnessed a charter of Malcolm IV. He was created EARL OF ROSS in or before 1162; for [1160-62] as Malcolm, Earl of Ros, he received the King's command to protect the monks of Dunfermline.(a-142) He presumably m. a sister of Sumerled, lord of Argyll.(b-142) His death, as Malcolm Mackbeth, Earl of Ross, is recorded on 23 October 1168.(c-142)

  • (d-141) Orderic (1075-1143), (ed. Le Prévost), vol. iii, p. 403, where the Editor’s note is wrong; Robert de Torigni, in _Chron. of Stephen_, &c., Rolls Ser., vol. iv, p. 118. An authority with _personal_ knowledge (see _Priory of Hexham_, Surtees Soc., p. lxxiii, and his Letter upon the death of David I in Twysden, _Hist. Angl. Scriptores Decem_, pp. 347-50), Aelred of Rievaulx, describing (_de Standardo, Chron. Stephen_, p. 193) the effort of Robert de Brus to dissuade his old friend David I [S.] from fighting the English, represents Brus as calling MacEth _paterni odii et persecutionis heredem_. He has been alleged to be son of Angus, “Earl” of Moray (cf. Le Prévost, note on Orderic, _loc. cit_.), who in 1130 invaded Scotland with Malcolm. When Angus was slain, Moray was left without a defender and lord (_Idem_, vol. iii, p. 404); which implies that Malcolm was not his son. See also the notes, _Chron. of Holyrood_ (ed. Anderson, Scot. Hist. Soc.), pp. 129, 130.
  • (e-141) Orderic, _loc. cit_.
  • (f-141) _Chron. de Mailros_, Bannatyne Club, p. 69. He appears to have remained there till given his liberty by Malcolm IV in 1157 (_Chron. of Holyrood_, _loc. ult. cit._, where he appears as Mabeth). In 1153 Sumerled, lord of Argyll, with his nephews, sons of Malcolm, invaded Scotland; in 1156 Donald, Malcolm’s son, was captured at Whithorn and imprisoned with his father (_Idem_, pp. 125, 128).
  • (g-141) Next after 3 Earls, and followed by Walter FitzAlan and Robert de Brus. The charter (_Registrum de Dunfermelyn_, Bannatyne Club, p. 40) has been dated [1157%E2%80%9459].

[Ref: CP XI:141-2]

THE ANCIENT EARLS OF ROSS

Ross was not one of the ancient provinces or earldoms of Scotland, but was comprehended in the great district of Moray, and was ruled by the same Jarls or Earls as that territory.(1-230) But in a writ dated between November 1160 and September 1162 there appears on record

I. Malcolm, Earl of Ross, to whom King Malcolm IV. directed a letter placing the monks of Dunfermline under his protection.(2-230) Some doubts have been cast on his identity, but there is good reason to believe that he is identical with Malcolm MacEth, who also appears before 1160 as a witness to one of King Malcolm's charters.(3-230) He had, for former insurrection against David I., been imprisoned in Roxburgh Castle, but in 1154 Somerled, Lord of Argyll, with his nephews, Malcolm's sons, invaded Scotland, and caused a civil war, which lasted until the King released Malcolm in 1157(4-230) and, according to an English chronicler, 'gave him a certain province.' Mr. Skene, in his Celtic Scotland, expresses an opinion that this was Ross, part of the territory of Moray, from the ancient rulers of which he claimed descent. He is not to be confounded with the Wimund whose remarkable career is narrated by William of Newburgh.(1-231) If, as is probable, he was made Earl of Ross in 1157, he may have been the 'Gillandres,' one of the six Earls who, according to Wyntoun, joined in the opposition to Malcolm IV. after his return from Toulouse.(2-231) 'Gillandres' has been supposed to be a different Earl of Ross, but as 'Gillandres' or 'Ghilleanrias' was the patronymic of the Earls of Ross in the time of Wyntoun, it is not improbable that he applied it to Malcolm. The latter died 23 October 1168.(3-231) Malcolm married a sister of Somerled, Lord of Argyll*, and had issue, with others, a son Donald, who was imprisoned with his father, and a daughter Gormlath, or Hvarfleda, married to Harald, Earl of Caithness. (See that title, and also Moray and Reay.)

  • (1-230) Vol. vi. of this work, 280.
  • (2-230) _Reg. de Dunfermelyn_, 25; Ernald, Bishop of St. Andrews, is a witness, which determines the date.
  • (3-230) _Ibid._, 24.
  • (4-230) _Chron. Sancti Crucis_.
  • (1-231) _Chronicles of Stephen, etc._, Rolls ser., i. 72-75; cf. _Scot. Hist. Review_, vii. 32.
  • (2-231) Wyntoun, Laing's edition, ii. 196.
  • (3-231) _Chronicle of Holyrood_. [Ref: SP VII:230-1]
  • Prior to the 12th century when chroniclers called Somerled, "Lord of the Isles", he had inherited & assumed the title of Thane or Regulus (Lord) of Argyll (he is also referred to as King of Argyll & King of the Isles/south Isles in some accounts - Norwegian titles).

Notes about the Earldom of Ross

According to CP, the 1st Earl of Ross was Florence III Count of Holland, who m. Ada, sister of Malcolm IV of Scotland, and the Earldom of Ross was created for his benefit. He d. in 1190 in Antioch on Cursade. Ada d. in 1206. Per SP, "it is probable" Malcolm was made Earl of Ross in 1157 by Malcolm IV. Per SP, Florence III, Count of Holland became Earl (in title only) in 1161 on his marriage to Ada, sister of Malcolm IV & William the Lion. SP counts the 1st Earl of Ross as Ferquhard Macintagert, so created by Alexander II ca 1225. It seems a rather odd decision considering that the 1st earl (per SP) was preceeded, per SP, by two others historically known to be earls of Ross. Perhaps it is due to a technicality – the 1st _extant_ writ of creation names Ferquhard. All of this of course is counter to CP IX:140-1 which names Florence 1st Earl in 1162 & Malcolm 2nd Earl curiously "in or before 1162" & Ferquhard 3rd Earl possibly before 12 Dec., 1225.

He is sometimes said to have been Mormaer of Moray [Ref: Paget p. 153], but this assumes he was son of Angus, the previous Mormaer [Ref: Burke's Peerage 1999 I:469], which he was not per CP XI:141(d).

Scots Peerage, Vol V, p. 30 seems to identify Malcolm the earl of Ross with Malcolm MacBeth who was claiming the earldom of Moray. Vol VI, p. 284 on Moray says the it was Eth or Beth, earl of Moray who was the ancestor of Malcolm MacEth, earl of Ross. Eth the earl died after 1128. In SP VII, p. 230 Malcolm earl of Ross, supposedly identical with Malcolm MacEth, was around from 1154 to 1168 and was made earl around 1157. On the other hand Alexander I died in 1124, some thirty years before Malcolm earl of Ross came to prominence, which seems rather a long time in those genearally [sic] shorter lives. [Ref: Tim Powys-Lybbe 11 Apr 2003 msg to SGM]


The Correct History of Clann MacAoidgh (The Clan Mackay)

(by Dr. Gary Mckay)

This is a message posted at the Clan Mackay, USA discussion forum by Dr. Gary McKay on May 09 1999.

Dear All, As I have noted a general fallacy running through many of the supposed "histories" of the Clann MacAoidgh, I shall generate an abbreviated one for all. Please note that I am in the middle of a five year effort at annotating the "Book of Mackay" and currently have access to the papers of Dr. Ian Grimble, Historian of the Strathnaver and il D'uath M'hic Aoidh ("Land of the Mackays"), now deceased sadly. As a blood relative, and I do not refer to political associations or military alliances, the following is historically true and verifiable:

1) Around 710 A.D., three separate tribes leave Ireland from a region known as Dalriada and land in what is now known as Argyll and the southern Hebrides. One of the tribes is known as the C'nel Lorne, the progenitors of Clann MacAoidh. The C'nel Lorne are descended from Aedh, grand-son of the Irish king N'iall.

2) Around the year 1100 A.D., the C'nel Lorne move up the Great Glen (the Loch Ness divide) to the present day region of the Moray after centuries of battle with the C'nel Gabhrain. The Mac Aedh (then Gaelic spelling...) left in Argyll become a later war sept of the Clan Ranald of McDonald, later known as the "Lords of the Isles".

3) The Mac Aedh/Mac Aed/Mac Heths (all variations of the Gaelic pronunciation of the time) become a virtual separate kingdom around the Moray Firth on Scotland's middle north eastern coast, becoming known as the "Mormaers", or Great Rulers (of Men). However, in the 1200's their power was broken after the grandson of MacBeth, by virtue of Lulach (or Gormflaith) his wife, challenged one of the early Scottish kings. The Mormaers were banished over the far northwestern Munros (Mountains) into the region of the Strathnaver.

4) The Strathnaver at the height of the Clann MacAoidgh (modern Gaelic spelling) stretched from Assynt in the west to Loch Naver, to the borders of Ross-shire and just west of present day Thurso. From late 1200s until the middle 1400s, the power of the Aoidgh was unchallenged particularly after the battle of Drum na Cub in the shadow of Ben Loyal, when Iain Abrach Mackay led a party of 500 men into battle againt men of the Sutherland (Clann Suderland). Some 1500 Suderlands were killed, virtually the entire war group. These Suderlands were NOT related to the later infamous Sutherlands of the Clearances of the 1800's.

5) Throughout the 1500s and 1600s the Clann Aoidgh was under constant pressure from the Gordon-Huntly Clann (later assuming the name Sutherland by royal decree) throuch fractricidal policies. The Chiefs of Mackay always backed the Crown and WERE NOT at anytime Jacobites. ONLY those whom remained as septs of the Clan MacDonald were Jacobites. The famous Mackay's Regiment came into being in the middle 1600's, fighting as mercenaries in Holland and Germany for William the Orange. In 1688, the Chief of Mackay through his support behind William fully, thus ending the House of Stewarts reign as Kings of Scotland and England.

6) The Clann Mac Aoidgh declined throughout the 18th and 19th century due to the avarice of the Suitherland's, a failure of land reform policy of the newly united "Kingdom", and the lure of America.

7) In the year 1999 in Sutherland County, which comprises one-quarter of the original "Strathnaver", there are only 2,126 inhabitants. In 1825 at the beginning of the worst years of the "Clearances", there were 26,245 inhabitants. Some 76 percent were blood relation Mackay's and were Gaelic language speakers as their ancestors had been for 2000 years. While "mythical" historians relate a relation to the Clann Mhoirgunn (Morgan), it remains that and nothing more.

While certain portions of the Coat of Arms and later colors may have been adapted, they have nothing to do with the Aoidgh's actual history. Per political and military septs allied to the Clann Mac Aoidgh, they are as numerous throughout history as the colors of the rainbow, from Frasers to Mackenzie, to Grant and Blair. Thus, it is quite okay for one to "ally" himself to any modern "Clan" should they so desire. However, in doing so one is an anachronist (or one who portrays history) and not per se following the "modern" conventions of some form of "blood" relationship. (That is merely a commentary on the situation as I see it here in Scotland!)

Finally, on tartan. Tartan was not specific to Clann but to region--thus, the Gunn colors are similar to Mackay etc. There is a very specific regional sett called "Strathnaver Mackay" which is dyed in the actual known colors of that region (heather brown and grey-blue) in the same pattern. (I have them, much nicer than the "modern" Mackay I think, but only an opinion!) Should you desire to come to Scotland, travel to Edinburgh, thence to Thurso, thence to Bettyhill, where there is the Clan Mackay Museum at the Farr Bay Church in Sutherland County.

To finish, Clann M'hic Aoidgh is one of the most famous and certainly oldest of the true Gaelic Clanns. If you are blood related, then you may count King Niall of Ireland, King David of Scotland, and Macbeth as your relations--not to mention a legion of Barons, Lords, and Knights and can be justifiably proud. I close with the words of the original Clann M'hic Aoidgh motto and inscribed on the tomb of The Scourie-Mackay at Balnakiel Church in Durness, "Bi Tren, Bi Treun!" Be True, Be Steadfast! Cheers, Dr. Gary Mckay Barra Suite Dept. of Archaeology and Geography Univ. of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland EH8 9XP Scotland, UK 011 44 131 650 2532

In c. 1130, both Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) and Earl Angus rebelled against King David I when he imposed new feudal laws upon the Moraymen's pre-existing ancient kingdom. In the rebellion that followed, Earl Angus was defeated and slain but Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) escaped to the isles where he was protected by Somerled, Lord of the Isles. There, Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth), married Lord Somerled's sister, who gave birth to Donald and Gormiath (Blue eyes) MacHeth (MacEth), c. 1130. While scholars believe that Gormiath MacHeth (MacEth) married Harold Maddadarson, Norse Earl of Orkney and Caithness.

The Mackaymen's rebellion continued without interruption from c. 1130 to c. 1134, until Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) was captured and imprisioned by King David I, at the Roxburgh Castle. Twenty-two years later, his son, Donald MacHeth (MacEth), was captured in a similar Mackaymen's rebellion hence imprisoned along with his father at the Roxburgh Castle, c. 1156. One year later, Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) was released from the Roxburgh Castle prison by Malcolm IV and given the title of First Earl of Ross, c. 1157.

This title was later rescinded as punishment due to the Morymen's rebellious disloyalty to King David I. Then, Malcolm IV: (1) banished the ancestors of the Mackay's from their ancestral home, and (2) gave the Mackay's ancient land to Normans and Saxons who were loyal to the Crown. Here, the Mackay's men, women, and children fled north, while others escaped into Argyll, Islay, and Galloway. Note, according to Scots Peerage c. 1910, the first of the MacEths to settle in the Strathnaver region was Iye MacEth, Chamberlain to Walter de Baltrodi, Bishop of Caithness. This Iye (Aodh) Walter de Baltrodi produced a daughter, Conchar.

=============================

"The Book of McKee," pg 271 - pedigree from William Skene, D.C.L., LL.D., Historiographer-Royal of Scotland, in "Celtic Scotland," Edinburgh 1890; this shows the history of Scotland as being the Irish Kings; also from "The Mackays of Strathnaver," pg 305a;

Malcolm was created Earl of Ross in 1157 by King Malcolm, his mother's brother; then deposed by the inhabitants circa 1160; The Highland Clans (941 D2mo) gives his death date.

"The Book of McKee", pg 265 states: "In 1134..Olave, the Norwegian king of the Isle of Man, granted lands in that island to Yvo, abbot of the monastery at Furness, to found another Cistercian monastery at Russin, and Brother Wymundus was sent with some monks to fill it..[who] so pleased the barbarous natives with the sweetness of his address and openness of his countenance, being also of a tall and athletic make, that they requested him to become their bishop and obtained their desire...A short time later...he announced that he was the son and rightful heir of Angus Mac Eth, earl of Moray, who was wrongfully murdered in 1130 by King David...[Skene in footnote states:] Malcolm Mac Eth was born 'in obscurissimo Angliae loco,'... acted as a scribe to certain monks, connoting above-average education... [was] 'de Schid,' or Skye...[did] his father Angus Mac Eth ... spirit him away as a tender youth to relatives in Skye before his fatal expedition against the Scot king David sometime prior to 1130 A.D."

Parentage information from Blackcastle Manuscript 1832 quoting Vide Collectanea de Robus Albanicis in Iona Club Transactions, V 1, p 341. He is known as "Moddan" in the Norwegian chronicles.

McKee p 24 states "It appears to be historically documented that in 1039, King Duncan gave all Caithness to his nephew Moddan, whose descendant also named Moddan flourished circa 1100, and was referred to at that time as 'Moddan the noble man of Dolum Katanesi.' Katanesi is a variant of Caithness."


Malcolm MAC ETH Earl of Ross

[2595]

ABT 1120 - 1168

BIRTH: ABT 1120, Scotland [2593]

DEATH: 1168, Moray, Ross, Scotland [2594]

Father: Hugh or Angus (Aodh) Mac Eth

Mother: Sister of King Malcolm IV

Family 1 : Mariotte (Margaret) Sister of Somerled

MARRIAGE: ABT 1142, Scotland 

Donald MAC ETH

Gormlath MAC ETH
+Ferquhard MAC ETH Earl of Ross

+Hugh (Mackie) MAC ETH


Earl of Ross

married the sister of Somerled

-----------------------------------

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Malcolm Macbeth (Mackbeth) d. 23 October 1168

Person:141525

Full Tree
Descendants (Inventory)

Lineage

Macbeth

Sex

Male

Full name (at birth)

Malcolm Macbeth

Other last names

Mackbeth

Other given names

Milcolm

Parents ♂ Hugh Farquarson (Macbeth, Melbaeda) [Macbeth] b. < 1070? d. 1093

♀ Grouch MacLulach [Loarn]

Events

child birth: ♂ Donald MacHeth [Macbeth]

child birth: ♀ # Gormflaeth MacEth [Macbeth]

1145 child birth: Morven, Argyle, Scotland, ♂ Angus Macrory (MacKay) [MacRoy] b. 1145 d. 1210

1157 ? 1168 title: Earl of Ross

23 October 1168 death:

Notes

In c. 1130, both Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) and Earl Angus rebelled against King David I when he imposed new feudal laws upon the Moraymen's pre-existing ancient kingdom. In the rebellion that followed, Earl Angus was defeated and slain but Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) escaped to the isles where he was protected by Somerled, Lord of the Isles. There, Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth), married Lord Somerled's sister, who gave birth to Donald and Gormiath (Blue eyes) MacHeth (MacEth), c. 1130. While scholars believe that Gormiath MacHeth (MacEth) married Harold Maddadarson, Norse Earl of Orkney and Caithness.

The Mackaymen's rebellion continued without interruption from c. 1130 to c. 1134, until Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) was captured and imprisioned by King David I, at the Roxburgh Castle. Twenty-two years later, his son, Donald MacHeth (MacEth), was captured in a similar Mackaymen's rebellion hence imprisoned along with his father at the Roxburgh Castle, c. 1156. One year later, Malcolm MacHeth (MacEth) was released from the Roxburgh Castle prison by Malcolm IV and given the title of First Earl of Ross, c. 1157.

This title was later rescinded as punishment due to the Morymen's rebellious disloyalty to King David I. Then, Malcolm IV: (1) banished the ancestors of the Mackay's from their ancestral home, and (2) gave the Mackay's ancient land to Normans and Saxons who were loyal to the Crown. Here, the Mackay's men, women, and children fled north, while others escaped into Argyll, Islay, and Galloway. Note, according to Scots Peerage c. 1910, the first of the MacEths to settle in the Strathnaver region was Iye MacEth, Chamberlain to Walter de Baltrodi, Bishop of Caithness. This Iye (Aodh) Walter de Baltrodi produced a daughter, Conchar.

From grandparents to grandchildren

Grandparents

♂ Lulach MacGilllecomgain birth: 1032 title: King of Scotland death: 17 March 1057, Essie, Strathbogie, Scotland

♂ Farquar MacBeaton birth: < 1057?

♀ Finnghuala de Aeongus

Grandparents

Parents

♂ Hugh Farquarson (Macbeth, Melbaeda) birth: < 1070? marriage: title: Thane of Cromarty death: 1093

♀ Grouch MacLulach

Parents

3

♂ Angus MacHeth

♀ Gruoch MacAedh (MacHugh, Mackay)
marriage: ♂ William FitzDuncan (Uilleam macDonnchada)

♀ Gillebridesdotter

♂ # Malcolm Macbeth (Mackbeth) title: 1157 ? 1168, Earl of Ross death: 23 October 1168

3

Children

♂ # Harald Maddadsson (Maddadsson)
birth: 1130 marriage: ♀ # Aufrica MacSomerled death: 1206

♀ # Gormflaeth MacEth marriage: ♂ # Harald Maddadsson (Maddadsson)

♂ Angus Macrory (MacKay) birth: 1145, Morven, Argyle, Scotland death: 1210, Bute, Strathclyde, Scotland

♂ Donald MacHeth

Children

Grandchildren

♂ Seamus (James) Macrory birth: 1190, Bute, Scotland death: 1210, Bute, Men Skye, Strathclyde, Scotland

♂ Kenneth MacEth death: 1215

♂ Thorfinn Haraldsson (Maddadsson, Macmaddad)

♂ David Haroldsson (Maddadsson, Macmaddad)

♂ John Haraldsson (maddadsson, macmaddad)

♀ Gunnhild Haraldsdotter (Macmaddad)

♀ Herberg Haraldsdotter (Macmaddad)

♂ Henrik Haraldsson (Madisson, Maddadson)

♂ Haakon Haraldsson (Maddansson)

♀ Helena Haroldsdotter

♀ Margaret Haroldsdotter

Ψ Langleiv ? (Langley)

Grandchildren

Aeongus

Delisle

Loarn

MacRoy

Macbeth

Madison


Mael Coluim (Malcolm) MacEth formerly Dunkeld aka MacEth

Born 1110 in Stirling Castle, Scotlandmap

Son of Alexander mac Maíl Coluim (Dunkeld) of Scotland and [mother unknown]

Brother of Aveline (Hesding) de St Hilary and Malcolm MacEth

Husband of Mariotte aka Margaret sister Somerled MacGillebride — married 1160 in Stranith, East Lothian, Scotlandmap

Father of Gormflaeth Macheth and Malcolm II (Ross MacHeth) Macbeth

Died 1157 in Moray, Scotlandmap

Kenneth Mac Eth Ver árbol Sexo Masculino

Nacimiento aproximadamente 1170 Scotland

Defunción 1215

CITA DE ESTE REGISTRO The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:1:MK6W-HY4 : accessed 2016-06-10), entry for Kenneth Mac Eth.

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MacHeths From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The MacHeths were a Celtic kindred who raised several rebellions against the Scotto-Norman kings of Scotland in the 12th and 13th centuries. Their origins have long been debated. Origins

The main controversy concerning the MacHeths is their origin. The key question relates to the paternity of Máel Coluim MacHeth, the first of the kindred known. The present orthodoxy makes Máel Coluim the son of one Beth (or Áed or Eth), Mormaer of Ross, who witnessed two charters in the early reign of David I.[1] Earlier theories involved conflating two persons generally now seen as distinct: Máel Coluim MacHeth and Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair, an illegitimate son of Alexander I.[2]

Even when it is accepted that Máel Coluim MacHeth was the son of Áed of Ross, this has raised further questions concerning the background of the kindred and the nature of their claims. The general consensus favours a background in Ross, and claims to the Mormaerdom; descent from the Scots royal house, perhaps through Domnall, son of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada, who died in 1085, has also been proposed.[3] Dramatis personae Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair

Máel Coluim, now presumed to be the son of Alexander rather than MacHeth, first appears in 1124, when Orderic Vitalis reports: “ But Máel Coluim, base-born son of Alexander, affected to snatch the kingdom from his uncle [David], and fought against him two sufficiently fierce battles. But David, who was loftier in understanding and in power and wealth, conquered him and his followers.[4] ”

It is not certain whether it was this Máel Coluim, the royal bastard, who married a sister of Somerled, king (or lord) of Argyll.[5] If it were he, then this must have been prior to his capture and imprisonment in 1134. He was held at Roxburgh, and was still there in 1156 when his son was captured at Whithorn and imprisoned with him.[6] Máel Coluim MacHeth

If it is accepted that this Máel Coluim and the son of Alexander I are not one and the same, Máel Coluim MacHeth appears in 1157, when it is said that he was reconciled with the king, Malcolm IV. It appears that he was restored to the mormaerdom of Ross, which he held until his death in around 1168.[7] Domnall MacHeth

The existence of Domnall MacHeth is dependent upon accepting that Máel Coluim MacHeth was the prisoner of Roxburgh and the husband of Somerled's sister. If this is so, then Domnall was involved in a rebellion early in the reign of Malcolm IV, was captured at Whithorn in 1156 and was, perhaps, released in 1157 when his father was restored as Mormaer of Ross in 1157. Adam mac Domnaill

In 1186, a certain Adam son of Domnall, "the king's outlaw", was killed by Máel Coluim, Mormaer of Atholl, in the sanctuary of the church at Cupar, and the church burnt with 58 of Adam's associates within. It may be that this Adam mac Domnaill was a son of Domnall mac Uilleim.[8] However, his identification is not certain. One reading would give his name as Áed mac Domnaill, and it may be that he should be counted among the MacHeths.[9] Kenneth MacHeth [show]

   v t e

Clan Mackay-Clan Ross feud

As with the Meic Uilleim, the MacHeths disappear from history in the years around 1200. It may be that there were no adult male MacHeths to press their claims to Ross, or that the record is incomplete. This is the period in which Harald Maddadsson, Earl of Orkney, appears as the chief threat to the Kings of Scots in the north.

The next, and last, MacHeth to be reported is Kenneth (or Cináed), who joined with Domnall Bán mac Uilleim and an unnamed Irish prince, to invade Ross in 1215, shortly after the death of king William. This invasion proved to be no threat to the new king, Alexander II, as it was defeated by Ferchar mac in tSagairt, the future Mormaer of Ross, who killed the leaders and sent their heads to King Alexander.[10] With this, the MacHeth claims to Ross appear to have ended.

The chiefs of the Highland Clan Ross were direct descendants of the aforementioned Ferchar mac in tSagairt, Mormaer of Ross and according to one historian the chiefs of the Highland Clan Mackay were probably direct descendants of the aforementioned Kenneth MacHeth.[11] The two clans later feuded in the 15th century.

SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacHeths

----------------------------
Clan Mackay From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Clan Mackay MacCaoidh[1] or MacAoidh[2] Clan member crest badge - Clan Mackay.svg Crest: A dagger held erect Motto Manu forti (With a strong hand)[2] War cry Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh Profile Region Highland District Strathnaver Plant badge Bulrush[2] Pipe music Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh (The White Banner of MacKay)[2] Chief Lord Reay arms.svg Æneas Simon Mackay 15th Lord Reay Historic seat Castle Varrich[3] [show]Septs of Clan Mackay [show]Clan branches [show]Allied clans [show]Rival clans

Clan Mackay (Gaelic: Mac Aoidh) is an ancient and once-powerful Scottish clan from the far North of the Scottish Highlands, but with roots in the old kingdom of Moray. They supported Robert the Bruce during the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century. In the centuries that followed they were anti-Jacobite. The territory of the Clan Mackay consisted of the parishes of Farr, Tongue, Durness and Eddrachillis, and was known as Strathnaver, in the north-west of the county of Sutherland. However it was not until 1829 that Strathnaver was considered part of Sutherland when the chief sold his lands to the Earls of Sutherland and the Highland Clearances then had dire consequences for the clan. In the 17th century the Mackay chief's territory had extended to the east to include the parish of Reay in the west of the neighboring county of Caithness. The chief of the clan is Lord Reay and the lands of Strathnaver later became known as the Reay Country.

History Origins of the clan

Historian Angus Mackay in his "Book of Mackay" (1906) compares two different genealogies of the early chiefs of the Clan Mackay.[7] The first is by Sir Robert Gordon, a 17th-century historian and the second by Alexander Mackay of Blackcastle, an 18th- to 19th-century historian who had access to the charters and historical documents of the Mackay chief's family.[7] Both genealogies have similarities but there are also significant differences given for the ancestry of the Mackay chiefs. Gordon's genealogy also claims that the chiefs of the Clan Mackay shared a common ancestor with both the chiefs of the Clan Forbes[note 1] and chiefs of Clan Farquharson. Historian Angus Mackay gives evidence that explains that Gordon's theory of the connection to the Forbeses was due to an extremely strong alliance between the two families that began during the 16th century in a long feud with the Gordon family.[8][note 2] The Blackcastle MS shows that the Mackay chiefs were related to the Farquharsons but gives a different connection to that given by Gordon.[7] Angus Mackay analyses what evidence is available to support each of the two genealogies and concludes that the one given in Alexander Mackay's Blackcastle Manuscript is by far the most accurate.[7]

The Blackcastle MS claims that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of the Clan Mackay, who was born in about 1210, was a descendant of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross who died in about 1168.[7] Malcolm MacHeth, Earl of Ross may well have been related to the early rulers or Mormaers of Moray.[9] According to Angus Mackay, sometime in the 1160s, the MacHeths and their supporters after conflict with king Malcolm IV of Scotland fled northwards over the hills of Ross into Strathnaver, where they were welcomed by the Norse Harald Maddadsson, Mormaer of Caithness who was then an enemy of the king.[10] In 1215 the MacHeths along with the MacWilliams retaliated against the king but were defeated by Fearchar, Earl of Ross and the grandson of Malcolm MacHeth, Kenneth MacHeth was killed.[11] According to Angus Mackay it is possible that from this Kenneth MacHeth the Stathnaver Mackays are descended,[11] and that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of Clan Mackay may well have been his son or nephew.[12] According to the Blackcastle MS Iye Mackay's son was Iye Mor Mackay, 2nd chief of Clan Mackay who married a daughter of Walter, Bishop of Caithness in 1263.[7]

SOURCE:Clan Mackay From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Clan Mackay MacCaoidh[1] or MacAoidh[2] Clan member crest badge - Clan Mackay.svg Crest: A dagger held erect Motto Manu forti (With a strong hand)[2] War cry Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh Profile Region Highland District Strathnaver Plant badge Bulrush[2] Pipe music Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh (The White Banner of MacKay)[2] Chief Lord Reay arms.svg Æneas Simon Mackay 15th Lord Reay Historic seat Castle Varrich[3] [show]Septs of Clan Mackay [show]Clan branches [show]Allied clans [show]Rival clans

Clan Mackay (Gaelic: Mac Aoidh) is an ancient and once-powerful Scottish clan from the far North of the Scottish Highlands, but with roots in the old kingdom of Moray. They supported Robert the Bruce during the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century. In the centuries that followed they were anti-Jacobite. The territory of the Clan Mackay consisted of the parishes of Farr, Tongue, Durness and Eddrachillis, and was known as Strathnaver, in the north-west of the county of Sutherland. However it was not until 1829 that Strathnaver was considered part of Sutherland when the chief sold his lands to the Earls of Sutherland and the Highland Clearances then had dire consequences for the clan. In the 17th century the Mackay chief's territory had extended to the east to include the parish of Reay in the west of the neighboring county of Caithness. The chief of the clan is Lord Reay and the lands of Strathnaver later became known as the Reay Country.

Contents

   1 History
       1.1 Origins of the clan
       1.2 Wars of Scottish Independence
       1.3 15th century and clan conflicts
       1.4 16th century and clan conflicts
       1.5 17th century
           1.5.1 Thirty Years' War
           1.5.2 Civil War
       1.6 18th century and Jacobite risings
           1.6.1 Jacobite rising of 1715
           1.6.2 Jacobite rising of 1745
   2 Later clansmen
   3 Castles
   4 Chiefs
   5 Tartans
   6 See also
   7 References
   8 Bibliography
   9 Notes
   10 External links

History Origins of the clan

Historian Angus Mackay in his "Book of Mackay" (1906) compares two different genealogies of the early chiefs of the Clan Mackay.[7] The first is by Sir Robert Gordon, a 17th-century historian and the second by Alexander Mackay of Blackcastle, an 18th- to 19th-century historian who had access to the charters and historical documents of the Mackay chief's family.[7] Both genealogies have similarities but there are also significant differences given for the ancestry of the Mackay chiefs. Gordon's genealogy also claims that the chiefs of the Clan Mackay shared a common ancestor with both the chiefs of the Clan Forbes[note 1] and chiefs of Clan Farquharson. Historian Angus Mackay gives evidence that explains that Gordon's theory of the connection to the Forbeses was due to an extremely strong alliance between the two families that began during the 16th century in a long feud with the Gordon family.[8][note 2] The Blackcastle MS shows that the Mackay chiefs were related to the Farquharsons but gives a different connection to that given by Gordon.[7] Angus Mackay analyses what evidence is available to support each of the two genealogies and concludes that the one given in Alexander Mackay's Blackcastle Manuscript is by far the most accurate.[7]

The Blackcastle MS claims that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of the Clan Mackay, who was born in about 1210, was a descendant of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross who died in about 1168.[7] Malcolm MacHeth, Earl of Ross may well have been related to the early rulers or Mormaers of Moray.[9] According to Angus Mackay, sometime in the 1160s, the MacHeths and their supporters after conflict with king Malcolm IV of Scotland fled northwards over the hills of Ross into Strathnaver, where they were welcomed by the Norse Harald Maddadsson, Mormaer of Caithness who was then an enemy of the king.[10] In 1215 the MacHeths along with the MacWilliams retaliated against the king but were defeated by Fearchar, Earl of Ross and the grandson of Malcolm MacHeth, Kenneth MacHeth was killed.[11] According to Angus Mackay it is possible that from this Kenneth MacHeth the Stathnaver Mackays are descended,[11] and that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of Clan Mackay may well have been his son or nephew.[12] According to the Blackcastle MS Iye Mackay's son was Iye Mor Mackay, 2nd chief of Clan Mackay who married a daughter of Walter, Bishop of Caithness in 1263.[7]

Clan Mackay From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Clan Mackay MacCaoidh[1] or MacAoidh[2] Clan member crest badge - Clan Mackay.svg Crest: A dagger held erect Motto Manu forti (With a strong hand)[2] War cry Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh Profile Region Highland District Strathnaver Plant badge Bulrush[2] Pipe music Bratach Bhan Chlann Aoidh (The White Banner of MacKay)[2] Chief Lord Reay arms.svg Æneas Simon Mackay 15th Lord Reay Historic seat Castle Varrich[3] [show]Septs of Clan Mackay [show]Clan branches [show]Allied clans [show]Rival clans

Clan Mackay (Gaelic: Mac Aoidh) is an ancient and once-powerful Scottish clan from the far North of the Scottish Highlands, but with roots in the old kingdom of Moray. They supported Robert the Bruce during the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century. In the centuries that followed they were anti-Jacobite. The territory of the Clan Mackay consisted of the parishes of Farr, Tongue, Durness and Eddrachillis, and was known as Strathnaver, in the north-west of the county of Sutherland. However it was not until 1829 that Strathnaver was considered part of Sutherland when the chief sold his lands to the Earls of Sutherland and the Highland Clearances then had dire consequences for the clan. In the 17th century the Mackay chief's territory had extended to the east to include the parish of Reay in the west of the neighboring county of Caithness. The chief of the clan is Lord Reay and the lands of Strathnaver later became known as the Reay Country.

Contents

   1 History
       1.1 Origins of the clan
       1.2 Wars of Scottish Independence
       1.3 15th century and clan conflicts
       1.4 16th century and clan conflicts
       1.5 17th century
           1.5.1 Thirty Years' War
           1.5.2 Civil War
       1.6 18th century and Jacobite risings
           1.6.1 Jacobite rising of 1715
           1.6.2 Jacobite rising of 1745
   2 Later clansmen
   3 Castles
   4 Chiefs
   5 Tartans
   6 See also
   7 References
   8 Bibliography
   9 Notes
   10 External links

History Origins of the clan

Historian Angus Mackay in his "Book of Mackay" (1906) compares two different genealogies of the early chiefs of the Clan Mackay.[7] The first is by Sir Robert Gordon, a 17th-century historian and the second by Alexander Mackay of Blackcastle, an 18th- to 19th-century historian who had access to the charters and historical documents of the Mackay chief's family.[7] Both genealogies have similarities but there are also significant differences given for the ancestry of the Mackay chiefs. Gordon's genealogy also claims that the chiefs of the Clan Mackay shared a common ancestor with both the chiefs of the Clan Forbes[note 1] and chiefs of Clan Farquharson. Historian Angus Mackay gives evidence that explains that Gordon's theory of the connection to the Forbeses was due to an extremely strong alliance between the two families that began during the 16th century in a long feud with the Gordon family.[8][note 2] The Blackcastle MS shows that the Mackay chiefs were related to the Farquharsons but gives a different connection to that given by Gordon.[7] Angus Mackay analyses what evidence is available to support each of the two genealogies and concludes that the one given in Alexander Mackay's Blackcastle Manuscript is by far the most accurate.[7]

The Blackcastle MS claims that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of the Clan Mackay, who was born in about 1210, was a descendant of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross who died in about 1168.[7] Malcolm MacHeth, Earl of Ross may well have been related to the early rulers or Mormaers of Moray.[9] According to Angus Mackay, sometime in the 1160s, the MacHeths and their supporters after conflict with king Malcolm IV of Scotland fled northwards over the hills of Ross into Strathnaver, where they were welcomed by the Norse Harald Maddadsson, Mormaer of Caithness who was then an enemy of the king.[10] In 1215 the MacHeths along with the MacWilliams retaliated against the king but were defeated by Fearchar, Earl of Ross and the grandson of Malcolm MacHeth, Kenneth MacHeth was killed.[11] According to Angus Mackay it is possible that from this Kenneth MacHeth the Stathnaver Mackays are descended,[11] and that Iye Mackay, 1st chief of Clan Mackay may well have been his son or nephew.[12] According to the Blackcastle MS Iye Mackay's son was Iye Mor Mackay, 2nd chief of Clan Mackay who married a daughter of Walter, Bishop of Caithness in 1263.[7]

SOURCE: Clan MackayFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaClan MackayMacCaoidh[1] or MacAoidh

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Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross's Timeline

1120
1120
Birth of Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross
Scotland, United Kingdom
1135
1135
Birth of Gormflaeth (Hvafleva) MacEth
Roxburn Castle, Morayshire, Scotland (United Kingdom)
1168
1168
Age 48
Death of Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross at Morayshire,...
Morayshire, Scotland
1168
Age 48
Burial of Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross
Ross, Moray, Scotland (United Kingdom)
????
Malcolm MacEth, Earl of Ross worked as Real or alleg...
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