grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285

How are you related to grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285?

Connect to the World Family Tree to find out

grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285's Geni Profile

Share your family tree and photos with the people you know and love

  • Build your family tree online
  • Share photos and videos
  • Smart Matching™ technology
  • Free!

grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285

Lithuanian: LDK Daumantas 1 Romantaitis Uteniškis, LDK, Polish: WXL Dowmunt Romuntowicz Utianski, WXL, Russian: ВКЛ Довмонт Ромонтович Утенский, великій князь литовскій послѣ 1281 –, Belarusian: кн. Даўмонт, wialiki kniaź litoŭski paslia 1281 – 1285
Also Known As: "Domantas Romantaitis Vilkaitis iš Utenos"
Birthdate:
Death: March 24, 1285
Immediate Family:

Biological son of Romundas „Wolf“, Grand Prince of Lithuania, Samogitia and Ruthenia 1267 – 1270
Foster son of Wołk, Grand Prince of Lithuania, Samogitia and Ruthenia 1267 – 1270
Husband of Vaidiluta ??? of Lithuania and css daughter 2 of Fleder of Livonia
Ex-partner of css daughter 1 of Fleder of Livonia
Father of Gienwilo Dowmund 2; duke Ramunt Vasily Dovmontovich and dss Gaudemunda Dovmontovich
Brother of grand duke Narymont of Kernavė; grand duke Giedrus of Giedraičiai; Trojden, King of Lithuania 1270 – 1281; grand duke Traidenis of Aukstaitija and grand duke Alshas of Alshenay

Occupation: Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285 /князь утенский и 6-й Великий князь Литовский (1282-1285)
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated:

About grand duke Daumantas of Utena, Grand Prince of Lithuania after 1281 – 1285

Two or three princes (dukes) named Dovmont (Daumantas) lived at the same time, it is possible that in the chronicles and historical studies their biographical facts are combined into one person.

Daumantas or Dovmont, (c. 1240? – May 17, 1299), was a Lithuanian princeling best remembered as a military leader of the Principality of Pskov between 1266 and 1299. During his term in office, Pskov became de facto independent from Novgorod.

He is often confused with other Daumatas-Timofey, who was venerated as a saint in the Orthodox Church with his feast day observed on May 20.

Until 1265, Daumantas was Duke of Nalšia, a northern province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and was an ally of King Mindaugas. Mindaugas' and Daumantas' wives were sisters. In spite of the family relationship, Daumantas chose to ally himself with Mindaugas' nephew Treniota, who was Duke of Samogitia. Treniota had been steadily increasing his personal power within the kingdom as he tried to spark an all-Balts rebellion against the Teutonic Knights and the Livonian Order.

In 1263, Daumantas assassinated Mindaugas and two of his sons. It has been suggested that he acted in collusion with Treniota. As a result, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania relapsed into paganism for another one hundred and twenty years. Some Russian chronicles say that Daumantas' motive for the murder was to further his power and get revenge: after Queen Morta's death circa 1262, Mindaugas took Daumantas' wife for himself. When Mindaugas dispatched a large army towards Bryansk, Daumantas participated in the expedition, but suddenly returned and killed Mindaugas and two of his sons.

According to the Bychowiec Chronicle (a late and not very reliable source), Daumantas received the title of Duke of Utena as his reward.

When Vaišelga, the eldest son of Mindaugas, entered into an alliance with Shvarnas, duke of Halych-Volhynia, in 1264, he was able to take revenge for his father's death by killing Treniota. Daumantas and his followers fled to Pskov.

Ruler of Pskov
(this part of biography is about another person: Daimantas-Timofey)
Daumantas on the Millennium of Russia monument in Veliky Novgorod After arriving in Pskov, Daumantas was baptized into Eastern Orthodoxy, assumed the Christian name Timotheus (Russian: Timofei) and married a daughter of Dmitry of Pereslavl, son of Alexander Nevsky. He led Pskovian armies against Lithuanians and defeated them on the bank of the Western Dvina, proceeded to devastate the land of Duke Gerdenis, and captured his two sons and wife. Daumantas' daring spirit, his friendly ways, and the success of his military enterprise persuaded the Pskovians to elect him as their knyaz, or military leader.

Daumantas' election was never sanctioned by the Novgorod Republic, which had traditionally controlled the Pskovian affairs. Prince Yaroslav of Novgorod planned to punish the Pskovians for their willfulness and oust Daumantas from the city, but the Novgorodians refused to support Yaroslav's campaign and, joining their forces with the Pskovians, invaded Lithuania the following year. Daumantas was again in command and returned to Pskov in triumph.

In January 1268 the Pskovian-Novgorodian alliance was cemented when they invaded Danish Estonia together. The Pskovians, led by Daumantas, joined their forces with the Novgorodians led by Alexander Nevsky's son Dmitry and looted the Danish Estonian countryside, but were defeated by the combined forces of vassals of the Danish crown, Livonian Knights and local Estonian militia in the Battle of Rakvere (February 18, 1268, near modern-day Rakvere). The following year Master of the Livonian Order, Otto von Lutterberg, led the Livonian forces to the territory of Pskov, burned Izborsk castle and laid siege to Pskov itself, but Daumantas, after receiving support from Novgorodians, managed to conclude a truce with the Livonians.

Later years and legacy
(this part of biography is about another person: Daimantas-Timofey)
Daumantas Town in Pskov. In 1270, Yaroslav again attempted to interfere into Pskovian affairs and to replace Daumantas by his puppet ruler. The Pskovians stood up for Daumantas, forcing Yaroslav to abandon his plans. In order to strengthen his position, Daumantas married Dmitry's daughter, Maria. In 1282, when his father-in-law was ousted from Vladimir to Koporye, Daumantas made a sally into Ladoga, where he captured Dmitry's treasury from the Novgorodians and transported it to Koporye. Thereupon his name disappears from chronicles for some seventeen years.

In 1299, the Livonian Order unexpectedly invaded north-western Russia and laid siege to Pskov. Having expelled them from the republic, Daumantas abruptly lapsed into illness and died, survived by his alleged son, David of Hrodna. His body was buried in the Trinity Cathedral, where his sword and personal effects would be on exhibit until the 20th century.

According to Pskovian chronicles, no ruler was loved by the citizens of Pskov more than Daumantas; they particularly praise his military skills and wisdom. After the Russian Orthodox Church canonized him, he came to be regarded as a patron saint of Pskov (on the par with Vsevolod Mstislavich). The fortifications erected by Dovmont in Pskov's downtown became known as the "Daumantas Town". A church to the memory of the blessed prince Daumantas-Timofei was consecrated there in 1574.

In the 1990s, Russian author Sergey Kalitin wrote a novel, Hour of the Wolf, about the life of Daumantas and his transition from a "minor Lithuanian noble" to Prince of Pskov.

About кн. Даўмонт of Utena, wialiki kniaź litoŭski paslia 1281 – 1285 (Belarusian)

Даўмонт; умер ок. 1285)

Apie LDK Daumantas 1 Romantaitis Uteniškis, LDK (Lietuvių)

Vienu metu gyveno du ar trys kunigaikščiai vardu Daumantas, gali būti, kad metraščiuose ir istorinėse studijose jų biografiniai faktai sujungti į vieną asmenį.

Daumantas - Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis, Siesickių, Svirskių protėvis.

Gyvenimo metai: ? – 1285 m
Valdymo laikotarpis: 1282–1285 m
Tėvas: Vidas arba Romuntas
Žmonos: greičiausiai buvo dvi žmonos
Sūnus: Ramūnas (Ramuntas-Vasilijus)
Dukra: Gaudemundė (Gaudemunda)

Apie didįjį kunigaikštį Daumantą žinoma mažai, daugiausia iš nepatikimų Baltarusijos-Lietuvos metraščių. Kronikos skelbia, kad Daumants buvo Traideno brolis ir valdė Uteną. Iš pradžių Daumantas vedė Livonijos didiko Fledro dukterį. Jo brolis Narimantas buvo vedęs kitą Flederio dukterį. Kai Daumanto žmona mirė, Narimantas nusiuntė pas jį savo žmoną pareikšti užuojautos dėl sesers mirties. Daumantas klastingai paėmė atvykusią moterį sau į žmonas. Tarp brolių kilo nesantaika, dėl kurios Daumantas neva pabėgo į Pskovą. Greičiausiai čia metraštininkas supainioja Lietuvos Daumantą su Daumantu-Timofėjumi iš Pskovo.

1266 metais Daumantas užėmė Polocką. 1282 m. jis esą pasiuntė žudikus pas didįjį kunigaikštį Traidenį, po to su Pskovo ir Polocko pulkais išvyko į Lietuvą ir užėmė didžiojo kunigaikščio postą. Per savo trumpą valdymo laikotarpį Daumantas išvyko į Tverę, bet buvo nugalėtas Maskvos-Tverės kariuomenės. Tuo tarpu prieš jį susikūrė koalicija, kuriai vadovavo Traidenio sūnus Rimantas (Rimuntas), kuris dėl tos priežasties paliko vienuolyną, norėdamas atkeršyti už tėvo mirtį. Mūšyje prie ežero Daumanto kariuomenė buvo nugalėta, o jis pats žuvo. Rimantas vėl pasitraukė į vienuolyną, perleisdamas didįjį valdymą Budikio (Budikido) giminaičiui.

О ВКЛ Довмонте Ромонтовиче Утенском, великіе князе литовскіе послѣ 1281 – (русский)

Довмо́нт (лит. Daumantas; белор. Даўмонт; умер ок. 1285) — предполагаемый великий князь литовский, правивший, возможно, в 1282—1285 годах.

Одновременно жили два или три князя по имени Довмонт, возможно, что в летописях и исторических исследованиях их биографические факты соединяются в одну личность.

Биография:

Происхождение Довмонта неизвестно. По мнению историков, мог быть сыном Тройдена, после смерти которого и стал великим князем, либо братом Тройдена и сыном Вита.

О княжении Довмонта известно мало. Надёжные сведения о нём происходят из Троицкой летописи, а также других источников, опиравшихся на неё. В Троицкой летописи упоминается некий князь Довмонт, под руководством которого происходил крупный поход литовцев на волость Олешню, принадлежавшую тверскому епископу Симеону. Согласно летописи, во время похода князь Довмонт был убит в битве с объединённым войском из Москвы, Твери, Волока Ламского, Торжка, Дмитрова, Зубцова и Ржева. Согласно Воскресенской летописи, Довмонт был захвачен в плен, а не убит.

По мнению историков Станислава Зайончковского, Владимира Пашуто и Эккехарда Клюга, не исключёно, что Троицкая и Воскресенская летописи говорят о Довмонте Псковском, ошибочно называя его погибшим. В пользу такого предположения говорит и то, что Холмогорская летопись называет Довмонта зятем Дмитрия Александровича, коим в действительности и являлся псковский князь Довмонт.

Легендарные сведения

Согласно легендарной части второй и третьей редакций белорусско-литовских летописей, Довмонт был одним из сыновей литовского князя Романа и братом Тройдена. Хроника Быховца указывает, что после смерти отца Довмонт принимает Утенский удел. Согласно этим легендарным сведениям, когда князь Наримунт, его старший брат, прислал к Довмонту свою жену, тот взял её насильно в жены. Это возбудило вражду между братьями, Наримунт с братьями, князьями Тройденом, Гольшей и Гедрусом, организовал коалицию против Довмонта и осадил его в Утенах. Из Утен Довмонт якобы бежал в Псков. Таким образом, поздние летописи идентифицируют его с Довмонтом Псковским, но далее источник говорит об убийстве князя в 1285 году, Довмонт Псковский же умер около 1299 года.

После того, как Тройден становится великим князем, Довмонт задумывает убить его. Воспользовавшись смертью Гольшы и Гедруса, Довмонт подсылает к Тройдену шестерых убийц, которые расправляются с великим князем. Впоследствии против Довмонта сформировалась коалиция во главе с князем Рымантом, сыном Тройдена, который в это время был в монастыре. Рымант (или чернец Лавриш), обучавшийся в своё время у галицкого короля Льва, собрал войска и убил князя Довмонта.

Примечания:

  • Пазднякоў В. Даўмонт // Вялікае Княства Літоўскае. Энцыклапедыя у 3 т. — Мн.: БелЭн, 2005. — Т. 1: Абаленскі — Кадэнцыя. — С. 581—582. — 684 с. — ISBN 985-11-0314-4.
  • Daumantas. Iš piešinių komplekto „Lietuvos kunigaikščiai“ (лит.). Limis.lt. Дата обращения: 5 июля 2021.

Ссылки: