Badges above from left 1. 34th Foot - Cumberland Regiment; 2. 55th Foot - Westmorland Regiment; (1&2 Courtesy of British Armed Forces; 3. Border Regiment collar badge; 4. The Border Regiment WW1 (3&4 Courtesy of British Military Badges.

The Border Regiment
British Army - Infantry

The Duke of Lancaster's Regiment

Including
(Reflecting historic name changes)

34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot

34th Foot

34th Regiment of Foot

55th Foot (Westmorland)

55th Regiment of Foot

55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot

73rd Foot (1758-1763)

75th Regiment of Foot (Col. George Perry)

Lord Lucas's Regiment of Foot

Westmorland Regiment

Please link profiles of those who served in the The Border Regiment (including those in the "included" list above), to this project regardless of rank, conflict or nationality. People of note can be individually listed in Alphabetical Order below.
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Regiments and Corps of the British Army

The Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment

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The Border Regiment

The Border Regiment was a line infantry infantry regiment of the British Army, which was formed in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot and the 55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot. The regimental district of the Border Regiment comprised the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, with the depot established at Carlisle Castle.

Active - 1881-1959

Motto -

Uniform -

Corps March - John Peel

Nick-name -

Ancestry

8.3.1.2. - The Border Regiment

formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of ...

8.3.1.2.1. - 34th Foot (Cumberland)

and

8.3.1.2.1. - 55th Foot (Westmorland)

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Timeline

8.3.1.2. The Border Regiment

1881 - formed by the amalgamation of 34th Foot (Cumberland) and 55th Foot (Westmorland) forming the 1st and 2nd Battalions of The Border Regiment
Border Regt collar badge
after 1883 - badge similar to that on the right was worn.
1899 - at the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Boer War the 1st Battalion was one of many "home service" units dispatched to fight in the conflict. The Battalion saw action at Colenso and Spion Kop as part of the campaign to relieve Ladysmith.
after 1901 - badge had crown added
1914-1918 - the Border Regiment was increased in size for the duration of the 1914–1918 war by the creation of additional battalions, either by the duplication of the existing territorial units or by the raising of new "service" battalions.

• 1st Battalion Began war in Burma, moved to England in 1915. Took part in Gallipoli Campaign in 1915–1916, on Western Front from 1916.
• 2nd Battalion On Western Front from October 1914. In November 1917 moved to the Italian Front.
• 3rd (Reserve) Battalion Remained in United Kingdom as training unit.
• 1/4th (Cumberland and Westmorland) Battalion 4th Battalion mobilised August 1914, re-designated 1/4th on formation of duplicate 2/4th Battalion in September 1914. In India from September 1914.
• 2/4th (Cumberland and Westmorland) Battalion Formed September 1914. In India from March 1915.
• 3/4th (Cumberland and Westmorland) Battalion Formed in March 1915, remained in United Kingdom as training and reserve unit.
• 1/5th (Cumberland) Battalion 5th Battalion mobilised in August 1914, re-designated 1/5th on formation of duplicate 2/5th Battalion in October 1914. On Western Front from October 1914.
• 2/5th (Cumberland) Battalion Formed October 1914. Remained in United Kingdom and in November 1915 moved to Scotland where it was disbanded, with men drafted into the Royal Scots Fusiliers.
• 3/5th (Cumberland) Battalion Formed in March 1915, remained in United Kingdom as training and reserve unit, absorbed by 3/4th Battalion in September 1916.
• 6th (Service) Battalion Raised August 1914. Took part in Gallipoli Campaign 1915–1916, on Western Front from 1916. Disbanded February 1918.
• 7th (Service) Battalion Raised September 1914. On Western Front from 1915. In September 1917 absorbed the dismounted Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry and renamed 7th (Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry) Battalion.
• 8th (Service) Battalion Raised September 1914. On Western Front from September 1915. Disbanded July 1918.
• 9th (Service) Battalion Raised September 1914. In February 1915 converted to Pioneers. On Western Front from September – November 1915, Macedonian Front from November 1915.
• 10th (Service) Battalion Raised October 1914. Remained in United Kingdom and became a reserve battalion in April 1915. Absorbed into Training Reserve in September 1916.
• 11th (Service) Battalion (Lonsdale) "Lonsdale Pals" Battalion raised September 1914 by an executive committee headed by the Earl of Lonsdale. Adopted by War Office as 11th Battalion August 1915. On Western Front from November 1915. Reduced to cadre May 1918, absorbed by 1/5th Battalion July 1918.
• 12th (Reserve) Battalion Formed 1915, absorbed by Training Reserve September 1916.
• 13th (Service) Battalion Raised in June 1918. Did not leave United Kingdom and was absorbed by 11th Battalion Hampshire Regiment in the same month. 1919 - all the war-formed battalions were disbanded and the system of rotating the two regular battalions resumed.
• 1st Battalion - went to the North West Frontier of India, where it was engaged in the Waziristan campaigns of 1919–1920 and 1921–1924. In 1924, it moved to Aden, returning to England in the following year. Apart from a brief spell in Shanghai in 1927, it remained in the United Kingdom until 1936, when it moved to Palestine to suppress the Arab revolt. It returned to England in the following year, and was based at Catterick Garrison when the Second World War broke out.
• The 2nd Battalion was in Italy at the end of the First World War, remaining there until 1919 when it moved to Ireland, where the War of Independence had broken out. Based in County Mayo, the battalion had few casualties, and returned to England at the end of the conflict in 1922. In the next few years, the 2nd Battalion was on garrison duty at various locations: Malta, The Sudan, Tientsin in China and Rawalpindi in India. The Battalion was part of the forces that suppressed the Afridi and Red Shirt Rebellions of 1930 – 1931. The Battalion remained in India, and on the outbreak of the Second World War was stationed in Calcutta.
• The 3rd (Reserve) Battalion was placed in "suspended animation" following the war, and was never embodied again. It was formally disbanded in 1953.
• The two territorial battalions were reformed in 1920 as part of the renamed Territorial Army (TA). In April 1939, when it seemed clear war was likely to break out with Germany, the TA was doubled in size, with each existing unit forming a duplicate. When war broke out in September 1939, the four TA battalions were as follows:

• 4th (Westmorland and Cumberland) Battalion
  
• 5th (Cumberland) Battalion
  
• 6th (East Cumberland) Battalion
  
• 7th (Cumberland) Battalion 1939-1940 - 1st Battalion, Border Regiment formed part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in Europe. The 2nd Battalion was serving in British India on the outbreak of war. In 1942, it moved to Ceylon and later took part in the Burma Campaign from 1944 onward with the 100th Indian Infantry Brigade, part of 20th Indian Infantry Division. In April 1945, the battalion was transferred to the 36th British Infantry Division, which was previously an Indian Army formation, and became a Reconnaissance Regiment for the division.
  

n 1945, the 1st Battalion formed part of the force sent to disarm the German occupiers of Norway, moving on to become part of the Allied Occupation Force in Trieste. In 1947, it moved to Somaliland and in 1947 to Palestine, returning to the UK in 1950. The 2nd Battalion returned to England in 1946.

28 October 1950, the two regular battalions were formally amalgamated into a single 1st Battalion.
1951 the battalion moved to Egypt

1955 - moved to to Germany, where it remained for the rest of its existence.[ July 1957 - the Defence White Paper outlined a substantial reduction in the size of the British Army, with a number of regiments being amalgamated.
1 October 1959 - The Border Regiment amalgamated with the King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster) to form the King's Own Royal Border Regiment - see The Duke of Lancaster's Regiment

Battle honours

• Early Wars Havannah, St. Lucia 1778, Albuhera, Arroyo dos Molinos, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Relief of Ladysmith, South Africa 1899–1902, Afghanistan 1919
• First World War Ypres 1914, '15, '17, '18, Langemark 1914, '17, Somme 1916 '18, Arras 1917 '18, Cambrai 1917, '18, Lys, France and Flanders 1914–18, Vittorio Veneto 1918, Macedonia 1915-18, Gallipoli 1915-16
• Second World War Dunkirk 1940, Arnhem 1944, North West Europe 1940 '44, Tobruk 1941, Landing In Sicily, Imphal, Myinmu Bridgehead, Meiktila, Chindits 1944, Burma 1943–5

Timeline

8.3.1.2.1. 34th Foot (Cumberland)

Soldier of the 34th Regiment about 1742 34th Cumberland Regiment of Foot 1869 1878

1702 - raised as Lord Lucas's Regiment of Foot
Known by colonels' names until 1751

1705 - Hans Hamilton
1712 - Thomas Chudleigh
1723 - Robert Hayes
1732 - Stephen Cornwallis
1738 - Lord James Cavendish
1742 - James Chodmondely
1749 - Henry Seymour Conway

1740 - served as Marines
1747 - Ranked 34th Regiment of Foot
1782 - re-designated 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot
1874 Badge (as above) worn - another example right.
1881 amalgamated with 55th Foot (Westmorland) to form 1st and 2nd Battalions of The Border Regiment

Battle honours

• Peninsular War: Albuhera, Arroyo dos Molinos, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Peninsula
• Crimean War: Sevastopol
• Indian Mutiny: Lucknow
• West Indies: Havannah (awarded 1909 to The Border Regiment)

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Timeline

8.3.1.2.2. - 55th Foot (Westmorland)

The 55th Regiment of Foot was a British Army infantry regiment which existed from 1755 to 1881. After 1782 it had a county designation added, becoming known as the 55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot. or simply the Westmorland Regiment. The 55th ceased to exist as a separate regiment when it was amalgamated into The Border Regiment in 1881 as part of widespread army reforms.

1757 - 2nd Battalion 34th Foot raised.
1758 - re-designated 73rd Foot - disbanded 1763.
1805 - 2nd Battalion 34th Foot raised - disbanded 1817
1755 - 2nd Battalion 34th Foot raised in Scotland as 75th Regiment of Foot (Col. George Perry)
1757 - re-designated 55th Regiment of Foot
1776-78 - sent to America for the second time to serve in the American Revolution. Notably - fought at the Battle of Brooklyn (1776), the Battle of Brandywine (1777).
1778 - transferred to the West Indies.
1782 - re-designated the 55th, or Westmorland Regiment of Foot.
1839–42) - served in the First Opium War arriving in China in 1841
1853-1855 - saw active service in Turkey and Russia during the Crimean War.
1874 - Badge worn as above.
1881 - amalgamated with 34th Foot (Cumberland) to form 1st and 2nd Battalions of The Border Regiment

Battle Honours

• War of American Independence (1775–78); St Lucia, 1778
• Crimean War (1854–55); Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol

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Notable Personnel

Names with Bold links are to Geni profiles. Other links take you to external biographical web pages.

Victoria Cross recipients

• Private Thomas Beach, Crimean War (5 Nov 1854)
• Brevet Major Frederick Cockayne Elton, Crimean War (29 March 1855)
• Private William Coffey, Crimean War (29 March 1855)
• Private George Richardson, Indian Mutiny (27 April 1859)
• Private John Joseph Sims, Crimean War (18 June 1855)
• Private James Alexander Smith (21 December 1914) WIKI
• Private Abraham Acton (21 December 1914) WIKI
• Sergeant Edward John Mott (27 January 1917) WIKI
• Sergeant Charles Edward Spackman (20 November 1917) WIKI
• Captain (Acting Lieutenant-Colonel) James Forbes-Robertson (11/12 April 1918) WIKI

Regimental Colonels

Pre 1751

• 1702–1705: Robert Lucas, 3rd Baron Lucas
• 1705–1712: Hans Hamilton
• 1712–1723: Thomas Chudleigh
• 1723–1732: Robert Hayes
• 1732–1738: Hon. Stephen Cornwallis
• 1738–1742: Lord James Cavendish
• 1742–1749: Hon. James Cholmondeley
• 1749–1751: Hon. Henry Seymour Conway

34th Regiment of Foot

• 1751–1754: Charles Russell
• 1754–1760: Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham
• 1760–1797: Lord Frederick Cavendish

34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot

• 1797–1810: George Fitzroy, 2nd Lord Southampton
• 1810–1816: Gen. Sir Eyre Coote
• 1816–1826: Gen. Hon. Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole
• 1826–1860: Sir Thomas Brisbane
• 1860–1874: Gen. John Eden
• 1874–1875: James Creagh
• 1875–1879: Gen. William Irwin
• 1879–1881: Gen. Alexander Maxwell

57th Regiment of Foot

• 1755–1757: Col Charles Perry 55th Regiment of Foot
• 1757–1758: Brig-Gen George Augustus Howe
• 1758–1759: Brig-Gen John Prideaux
• 1759–1762: Lt-Gen Sir James Adolphus Oughton
• 1762–1774: Lt-Gen William Gansell
• 1774–1775: Lt-Gen Richard Lambart, 6th Earl of Cavan
• 1775: Gen Sir Robert Pigot, 2nd Baronet
• 1775–1791: Gen James Grant

55th (Westmoreland) Regiment

• 1791–1811: Gen Loftus Anthony Tottenham
• 1811–1812: Lt-Gen Donald McDonald
• 1812–1814: Lt-Gen Sir Colin Campbell
• 1814–1846: Gen Sir William Henry Clinton
• 1846: Lt-Gen Alexander George Fraser, 16th Lord Saltoun
• 1846–1848: Lt-Gen John Wardlaw
• 1848–1855: Gen John Millet Hamerton
• 1855–1856: Lt-Gen Hon. Henry Edward Butler
• 1856–1857: Maj-Gen Hon. George Anson
• 1857–1861: Lt-Gen Sir James Holmes Schoedde
• 1861–1862: Gen Sir William Henry Elliott
• 1862–1873: Gen Sir Patrick Edmonstone Craigie
• 1873–1878: Gen Sir Philip Melmoth Nelson Guy
• 1878–1879: Gen Sir Edmund Haythorne
• 1879–1881: Gen Sir Henry Charles Barnston Daubeney

The Border Regiment

• 1881–1889: (1st Bn.) Gen. Alexander Maxwell, CB
• 1881–1903: (2nd Bn.) Gen. Sir Henry Charles Barnston Daubeney, GCB
• 1889–1897: (1st Bn.) Gen. Sir Richard Denis Kelly, KCB
• 1903–1909: Lt-Gen. Sir Robert Hume, GCB
• 1909–1919: Maj-Gen. William John Chads, CB
• 1915–1923: Gen. Sir Bruce Meade Hamilton, GCB, KCVO
• 1923–1936: Maj-Gen. Ewen George Sinclair-Maclagan, CB, CMG, DS
• 1936–1947: Brig-Gen. George Hyde Harrison, DSO
• 1947–1952: Maj-Gen. Philip James Shears, CB
• 1952–1959: Maj-Gen. Valentine Blomfield, CB, DSO

A

B

C

• Lord James Cavendish (1701-1741)
• General James Cholmondeley (1708 – 1775)
• Colonel Thomas Chudleigh
• Field Marshall Henry Seymour Conway (1721-1795)
• Major General Stephen Cornwallis (1703-1743)

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Sources, References and Further Reading

• Brereton, J M A Guide to the regiments and Corps of the British Army on the Regular Establishment (Bodley Head) 1985
• Griffin, P D Encyclopedia of Modern British Army Regiments (Sutton Publishers) 2006
• Lumley, Goff Amalgamations in the British Army 1660-2008 (Partizan Press 2009)
• WIKI

this project is in History Link