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This project is for people who have tested and been assigned the paternal haplogroup G-L497 and also for people who are believed to have belonged to this paternal haplogroup based on tests done on descendants.
Add your earliest known direct paternal ancestor to the project.
Defining Mutations
See the ISOGG Haplogroup G tree for the most recent discoveries and mutations.
* L497
L497 is downstream of L140 and ancestral to L42. All L42+ are also L497+.
G2a3b1a2a men will be positive for other genetic markers:
- G (M201), about 17,000 years ago
- G2 (P287), about 15,000 years ago
- G2a (P15), about 15,000 years ago
- G2a3 (U8 or S126 or L30), about 10,000 years ago
- G2a3b (L141), about 10,000 years ago
- G2a3b1 (P303 or S135), about 9,300 years ago
- G2a3b1a (L140), about 3,500 years ago
- G-L497
(Haplogroup G Categories; Haplogroup G Origins & Dating.)
Distribution
It is one of the least common haplogroups in Europe. Haplogroup G2a might have been the main Neolithic link that ties the farmers that went north across the Balkans to Central Europe, and those that followed the western, maritime route to the Western Mediterranean. See Dienekes Anthropology Blog, Y-chromosome, mtDNA, and autosomal DNA from Treilles (5,000 years ago, Neolithic France).
The oldest skeleton confirmed by DNA testing as carrying haplogroup G was found at the Neolithic cemetery of Derenburg Meerenstieg II in north central Germany. Burial artifacts in the cemetery belong to the Linear Pottery culture. This skeleton could not be dated by radiocarbon dating, but other skeletons there were dated to between 5,100 and 6,100 years old. This skeleton's DNA was found to belong to subgroup G2a3. (Origins of Haplogroup G.)
Resources
Swedish lecture by Peter Sjölund on the findings of G2a for "Bure-ætten"