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For naming conventions, see Medieval Kingdoms of Western Europe.
The First Crusade was a military expedition from 1096 to 1099 by Western Christianity to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquest of the Levant, ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem. It was launched in 1095 by Alexios I Komnenos, who requested that western volunteers come to his aid and help to repel the invading Seljuq Turks from Anatolia. An additional goal soon became the principal objective—the Christian reconquest of the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land and the freeing of the Eastern Christians from Islamic rule.
Timeline of major events
- Taking of Antioch
- Taking of Jerusalem
- ...
List of commanders and leaders
Christendom
- Laugier d'Agout
- Raymond d'Aguilers
- Boemondo I d'Altavilla, principe d'Antiochia (c1058-1111)
- Ermanno d'Altavilla (-1097)
- Tancredi d'Altavilla, principe di Galilea (1075-1112)
- Constantine I, Prince of Armenia
- Edgar Atheling
- Guillaume VI d'Auvergne, comte d'Auvergne (c1069-1136)
- Pierre Barthelemy
- Welf I von Bayern, Herzog von Bayern (c1030-1101)
- Gaston IV de Béarn, vescomte de Béarn (c1073-1131)
- Stephen II, Count of Blois — Stephen was the head of the army council at the Crusaders' siege of Nicaea in 1097. He returned home in 1098 during the lengthy siege of Antioch to later join the crusade of 1101.
- Godfrey IV of Bouillon, Duke of Lower Lorraine — Godfrey took out loans on most of his lands to gather thousands of knights to fight in the Holy Land. After the successful siege of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
- Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse — Raymond left Toulouse at the end of October 1096 with a large company and marched to Dyrrhachium, and then east to Constantinople. In October 1097 he captured the city of Antioch from Kerbogha at the siege of Antioch.
- Baudouin I de Boulogne, King of Jerusalem — In 1096 Baldwin joined the First Crusade, selling much of his property to the church in order to pay for his expenses. Baldwin commanded a detachment of troops from the People's Crusade which captured a bridge in the vicinity of Constantinople. In September 1097 he took control of Tarsus and installed his own garrison in the city. After Godfrey's death in 1100 he was crowned the first king of Jerusalem.
- Eustache III de Boulogne, comte de Boulogne (c1058-c1125)
- Manuel Boutoumites
- Alain IV de Cornouaille, duc de Bretagne (c1067-1119)
- Gui de Brosse, baron de Brosse (1076-)
- Hugues II "Campdavaine", comte de Saint Pol (-1130)
- Guillaume de Cerdagne
- Guillaume Ier de Chanaleilles
- Foucher de Chartres
- Arnoul de Chocques
- Enguerrand I de Boves, seigneur de Coucy, comte d'Amiens (c1042-1116)
- Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy
- Thoros d'Édesse
- Guglielmo Embriaco (c1040-c1102)
- Hugues de Fauquembergues
- Firouz
- Robert II, Count of Flanders
- Foulques de Guines
- Baudouin II de Hainaut, comte de Hainaut (c1056-1098)
- Alexios I Komnenos, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire
- Hugues VI de Lusignan, seigneur de Lusignan (c1039-1102)
- Gabriel de Malatya
- Thomas de Marle, seigneur de Coucy (1073-1131)
- Adhémar de Monteil
- Guillaume de Montfort
- Gui II de Montlhéry, seigneur de Montlhéry (-1109)
- Guibert de Nogent
- Rotrou III du Perche
- Guillaume IX de Poitiers
- Bertrand des Porcellets
- Adhemar of Le Puy
- Anselme II de Ribemont Comte d'Ostrevant
- Geoffroy Rorgon
- Warinus, seigneur de Rougé
- Girard Ier de Roussillon
- Caffaro di Rustico da Caschifellone
- Guillaume Ier de Sabran
- Tatikios
- Onfroy Ier de Toron
- Étienne II de Troyes, comte d'Aumâle (c1061-1127)
- Geoffroy II de Vendôme
- Hugh I, Count of Vermandois
Muslim world
- Danichmend
- Duqâq
- Iftikhâr al-Dawla
- Il Ghazi ibn Ortoq
- Kerbogha
- Kiliç Arslan Ier
- Ridwan
- Tughtekin
- Yaghi Siyan