Historic Cambridgeshire

History of the County of Cambridgeshire - England

Image - Coat of arms of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely County Council 1965–1974 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cambs_Ely_arms.png - licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License.

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The purpose of this project is to give a historic background to Cambridgeshire, to provide information about those individuals of Historic importance linked to the county and to add links to any profiles of significant people linked to Cambridgeshire who have profiles on GENi.

See also Cambridgeshire Main Page

Battles

Castles

• Kimbolton Castle

Historic Houses

History - over view

Timeline

Pre-history

9th Century

• 875 Cambridge was founded when the Danes conquered Eastern England.

10th Century

• 905 A.D. Edward the Elder of Wessex entered Cambridgeshire, over running large areas of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely up to the Fenlands.
• 921 A.D. The English completed the reconquest of East Anglia. peace reigned until the advent of Ethelred. the army of Cambridgeshire swore loyalty to Edward the Elder separately from other East Anglian forces. The settlement broke from the Roman enclave on Castle Hill into the market area, with outlying villages at Barnwell and Girton; the population rose to around 1,600 making it one of East Anglia's largest cities.
• 958-975 A.D. The abbeys that had been previously ransacked by the Danes were re-established by Edgar. The new foundations included Ramsey and Chatteris. Ely was re-established in 974.
• 991 A.D. The defence of Maldon stopped the Danes.

11th Century

• 1010 A.D. Battle of Ringmere, near Thetford, The Danes won East Anglia and started major moves into the fens, plundering, looting and killing. Cambridge was burned by the Danes
• 1025 St Benet's church was built by the Saxons and still stands today in Benet Street.
• 1068 The Normans built a castle on Castle Hill. Originally a timber structure it was replaced by a stone castle in the 12th century.
• 1092 Barnwell Priory was founded. It was originally situated on Castle Hill, but later moved to an area by the Elizabeth Way bridge.

13th Century

• 1209 Cambridge University was founded by around 3,000 scholars and academics who had left Oxford following riots there.
• 1275 A Jewish community in Cambridge were all expelled to Huntingdon.

14th Century

• 1349, 1361 and 1368 Like many other places in the country Cambridge was decimated by the Black Death, losing up to a third of its population in 1349.

17th Century

• 1640 Oliver Cromwell was elected as Member of Parliament for Cambridge. He had previously been MP for Huntingdon.
• 1642 Cambridge was garrisoned for Parliament at the outbreak of the Civil War.
• 1669 Sir Isaac Newton was appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, in October.

18th Century

• 1744 The first newspaper in Cambridge started. "The Cambridge Journal", was founded.
• 1766 The Addenbrooke Hospital opened in Trumpington Street, Cambridge. It was named after Dr John Addenbrooke, a fellow of St Catharine's College, who left £4,500 in his will for its establishment.

References, Sources and further reading

• The visitation of Cambridge made in a (1575) : continued and enlarged with the vissitation of the same county made by Henery St. George, Richmond herald, marshall and deputy to Willm. Camdem, Clarenceulx, in a 1619, with many other descents added therto

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Members of Parliament

For Biographical articles go to - http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/research/members

A

B

C

• Oliver Cromwell 1640

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Lord Lieutenants of Cambridgeshire. (to 1965)

Incorporating the liberty of Isle of Ely, a county palatine from 1107 to 1535/6, declared a division of Cambridgeshire in 1837 when the secular powers of the Bishop of Ely ended. For the Soke of Peterborough to 1965, see Lord Lieutenant of Northamptonshire and for Huntingdonshire during this period, Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire.

This list is incomplete

• The Marquess of Northampton 1547–?
• The 1st Lord North 1559–1564
• The 2nd Lord North 20 November 1569 – ?
• unknown
• The 2nd Lord North 8 April 1588 – 3 December 1600
• vacant
• The 1st Earl of Suffolk 17 July 1602– 28 May 1626
• The 2nd Earl of Suffolk 15 June 1626 – 3 June 1640
• The Lord Maynard 17 June 1640 – 17 December 1640 jointly with
• The Lord North 22 October 1640 – 1642
• Interregnum
• The 3rd Earl of Suffolk 25 July 1660 – 9 March 1681
• The Lord Alington 9 March 1681 – 1 February 1685
• The Earl of Sandwich 1685 (did not serve; exercised in his absence by:)
• The Earl of Ailesbury 4 March 1685 – 20 October 1685
• vacant
• The Lord Dover 26 November 1686 – 10 May 1689
• The 1st Duke of Bedford 10 May 1689 – 7 September 1700
• Lord Edward Russell 22 November 1700 – 27 November 1701
• The 2nd Duke of Bedford 27 November 1701 – 26 May 1711
• The 6th Lord North 6 December 1711 – 28 October 1715
• The Earl of Orford 28 October 1715 – 26 November 1727
• The Earl of Lincoln 28 March 1728 – 7 September 1728[1]
• The Lord Montfort 13 June 1729 – 24 July 1742
• The Duke of Newcastle 24 July 1742 – 25 August 1757
• The 2nd Earl of Hardwicke 25 August 1757 – 16 May 1790
• The 3rd Earl of Hardwicke 3 July 1790 – 18 November 1834
• The 4th Earl of Hardwicke 20 January 1834– 17 September 1873
• Charles Watson Townley 20 January 1874 – 17 October 1893
• Alexander Peckover 11 December 1893 – 12 December 1906
• The Viscount Clifden 12 December 1906 – 1915[2]
• Charles Adeane 25 October 1915 – 11 February 1943
• Richard George Briscoe 15 May 1943 – 16 June 1958
• Robert Henry Parker 16 June 1958 – 14 April 1965

High Sheriffs of Cambridgeshire

Before 1154

• Tempore Regis Eduardi: Aluric Godricson, Orgar, Blacuin
• 1066: Elfric
• 1128: Fulk
• 1070–c.1090: Picot of Cambridge
• Michaelmas 1129: Richard Basset with Aubrey de Vere
• c.1133: Fulk
• 1140: Payn

From 1154 until 1635, appointees to the shrievalty held the joint office of High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire.

1636–1641

• 3 October 1636: Sir John Carleton, 1st Baronet, of Cheveley
• 30 September 1637: Sir Thomas Chicheley of Wimpole Hall
• 4 November 1638: Sir Thomas Wendy of Haslingfield
• 1639: Thomas Prichard of Trumpington
• 1640: John Crane of Kingston
• 1641: Sir John Cotton, 1st Baronet of Landwade

From 1642 until 1965, appointees to the shrievalty held the joint office of High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire. From 1965 until 1974, sheriffs were High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely.

1974–1999

• 1974: Michael Henry Tindall Carter of Paget Hall, Tydd St. Giles, Wisbech
• 1975: Kenneth Beaton
• 1976: Peter Boyton Taylor
• 1977: David Dring Morrell
• 1978: David Whittome
• 1979: George Edward McWatters
• 1980: George Simon Cecil Gibson, of Landwade Hall
• 1981: John Ray Horrell CBE TD
• 1982: David Owen Arthur Morbey
• 1983: Major William Birkbeck, of Bainton House
• 1984: Brigadier Alan Norman Breitmeyer
• 1985: John Sinclair Martin, CBE, of Denny Abbey, Waterbeach
• 1986: Dr Irwin Arthur William Peck MBE
• 1987: Sir Alexander James Reid, Bt
• 1988: Michael John Marshall
• 1989: Joseph Odam
• 1990: Nigel Stewart Elgood
• 1991: Archibald Hugh Duberly
• 1992: Godfrey Richard Warde Wright
• 1993 Elizabeth Anne, The Hon. Lady Hastings of Milton Hall, Peterborough
• 1994: Frederick James Grounds
• 1995: Margaret Elspeth Thomas
• 1996: Nigel Hugh Mosman Chancellor
• 1997: David Temple Ramply
• 1998: Richard Brian Bamford
• 1999: John Edwin Heading

2000–present

• 2000: Antony Francis Pemberton
• 2001: William Henry Proby
• 2002: Jane Lewin Smith
• 2003: David John Riddington OBE
• 2004: Sir Charles Edward Chadwyck-Healey Bt
• 2005: Simon Patrick Leatham of Burghley House
• 2006: John Jeremy Seymour Marshall
• 2007: Colonel Peter Geoffrey Ray Horrell, TD
• 2008: Judith Penelope Glossop Bennett Gape Pearson
• 2009: The Lady De Ramsey
• 2010: Dr Nigel Wooldridge Brown
• 2011: Richard Barnwell
• 2012: Penelope Walkinshaw of Cambridge
• 2013: Aubrey James Francis Buxton of Newmarket
• 2014: Linda Alison Fairbrother of Cambridge
• 2015: Captain Victor H. Lucas of the Manor House, Warboys

this project is in HistoryLink