House of Ascania

The purpose of this project which is a subproject to Noble houses of Europe is to make a total overview of all the countries ruled by the house, and its rulers.

Wikipedia

Official website

Countries ruled by the house:

County, Principality, and Duchy of Anhalt: c. 1100-1252 1863–1918

• Otto, Count of Ballenstedt ?-1123 Count of Ballenstedt and first Count of Anhalt
• Albert "the Bear" ?–1170
• Bernhard III 1170–1212
• Henry I(Heinrich I) 1212–1252 (Prince from 1218)

After the dead of Heinrich I in 1252 the Ducheri was partitioned between , 1) Anhalt-Bernburg, 2) Anhalt-Zerbst and 3) Anhalt-Aschersleben. The duchies was not totally reunited until 1863

Dukes of Anhalt, 1863–1918

• Leopold IV 1863–1871
• Frederick I 1871–1904
• Frederick II 1904–1918
• Eduard 1918
• Joachim Ernst 1918

Heads of the House of Anhalt since 1918

• Duke Joachim Ernst 1918–1947
• Prince Friedrich 1947–1963'
• Prince Eduard 1963–present

1) Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg: 1252–1468 and 1603–1863

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1252–1468

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

• Bernhard I 1252-1287
• John(Johann) I 1287-1291 son of Bernhard I, co-regent with his brother
• Bernhard II 1287-1323
• Bernhard III 1323-1348 son of Bernhard II
• Bernhard IV 1348-1354 son of Bernhard III
• Henry IV 1354-1374 son of Bernhard III
• Otto III 1374-1404 son of Bernhard III
• Bernhard V 1404-1420 son of Henry IV, co-regent with his cousin
• Otto IV, 1404-1415 son of Otto III
• Bernhard VI 1420-1468 (1380-1468) brother of Otto IV, left no male heirs

To Anhalt-Dessau

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1603–1807

• Christian I 1603-1630, second son of Prince Joachim Ernest of Anhalt
• Christian II '1630-1656, son of Christian I
• Victor I Amadeus (Viktor I Amadeus) 1656-1718, son of Christian II
• Karl Frederick(Karl Friedrich) 1718-1721, son of Victor Amadeus
• Victor Frederick(Viktor II. Friedrich) 1721-1765, son of Karl Frederick
• Frederick Albert 1765-1796, son of Victor Frederick.
• Alexius Frederick Christian 1796-1803, son

Raised to duchy

Dukes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1803–1863

• Alexius Frederick Christian 1803-1834
• Alexander Karl 1834-1863, son, died without issue

To re-united Anhalt

2) Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst: 1252–1396 and 1544–1796

Princes of Anhalt-Zerbst 1252-1396

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

• Siegfried I 1252-1298
• Albert I 1298-1316
• Albert II 1316-1362
• Albert III 1359 (co-regent)
• Waldemar I 1316-1368 (co-regent)
• Johann II 1362-1382
• Waldemar II 1368-1371 (co-regent)
• Waldemar III 1382-1391 (co-regent)
• Sigismund I 1382-1396 (co-regent)
• Albert IV 1382-1396 (co-regent)

Partitioned between Anhalt-Dessau and Anhalt-Köthen in 1396

Princes of Anhalt-Zerbst 1544-1796

'Principality was recreated when the princepallity of Anhalt-Dessau was divided into Anhalt-Zerbst, Anhalt-Plötzkau and Anhalt-Dessau'

• Johann V 1544-1551
• Karl I 1551-1561
• Bernhard VII 1551-1570 (co-regent)
• Joachim Ernest 1551-1586 (co-regent, later sole ruler; he unified all the Anhalt lands); later, his sons divided again Anhalt.
• Rudolph 1603-1621
• Augustus of Anhalt-Plötzkau regent 1621-1642
• Johann VI 1621-1667
  • Sophie Auguste of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp regent 1667-1674
• Karl William 1667-1718
• Johann August 1718-1742
• Johann Ludwig II 1742-1746
• Christian Augustus 1742-1747 (co-regent)
  • Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp regent 1747-1752
• Friedrich August 1747-1793
• Sophie Auguste Fredericke (Empress Catherine II of Russia) 1793-1796 (only in Jever)

To Anhalt-Dessau 1796

3) Principality of Anhalt-Aschersleben: 1252–1315

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

• [ Henry II '1252–1266
• [ Otto I 1266–1304
• [ Henry III 1266–1283 brother and co-regent
• [Otto II] 1304–1315

Went to the Bistum of Halberstadt

Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen: 1396–1561 and 1603–1847

Princes of Anhalt-Köthen 1396–1561

• Albert IV 1396–1423
• Waldemar V 1423–1436 (co-regent)
• Adolph I 1423–1473
• Albert V 1473–1475 (co-regent)
• Magnus 1475–1508 (co-regent) (d. 1524)
• Adolph II 1475–1508 (co-regent) (d. 1526)
• Philip 1475–1500 (co-regent)
• Waldemar VI 1471–1508 (Anhalt-Dessau)
• Wolfgang 1508–1562 (d. 1566)

To Anhalt-Dessau 1562.

Princes of Anhalt-Köthen 1603–1806

• Louis 1603–1650
  • Augustus of Anhalt-Plötzkau regent 1650–1653
  • Lebrecht and Emmanuel of Anhalt-Plötzkau joint regents 1653–1659
• William Louis 1650–1665
• Lebrecht 1665–1669
• Emmanuel 1665–1670 (co-ruler)
  • Anna Eleonore of Stolberg-Wernigerode regent 1670–1690
• Emmanuel Lebrecht 1671–1704
  • Agnes of Rath regent 1704–1715
• Leopold 1704–1728
• Augustus Louis 1728–1755
• Karl George Lebrecht 1755–1789
• Augustus Christian Frederick 1789–1806

Raised to Duchy 1806.

Dukes of Anhalt-Köthen 1806-1847

• Augustus Christian Frederick 1806–1812
  • Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau regent 1812-1817
  • Leopold IV of Anhalt-Dessau regent 1817-1818
• Louis Augustus Karl Frederick Emil 1812–1818
• Frederick Ferdinand 1818–1830
• Henry 1830–1847

To Anhalt-Dessau 1847.

Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau 1396–1561 and 1603–1863

Princes of Anhalt-Dessau 1396-1561

• Sigismund I 1396–1405
• Waldemar IV 1405–1417 (co-regent)
• Sigismund II 1405–1452 (co-regent)
• Albert VI 1405–1469 (co-regent)
• George I 1405–1474
• Ernest I 1474–1516
• George II 1474–1509 (co-regent)'
• Sigismund III 1474–1487 (co-regent)
• Rudolph IV 1474–1510 (co-regent)
• John V 1516–1544 (co-regent)
• George III 1516–1544 (co-regent)
• Joachim I 1516–1561

To Anhalt-Zerbst 1561.

Princes of Anhalt-Dessau 1603-1807

• John George(Johan Georg) I 1603–1618
• John Casimir 1618–1660
• John George II 1660–1693
• Henriette Katharina of Orange-Nassau regent 1693-1697
• Leopold I 1693–1747
• Leopold II 1747–1751
• Prince Dietrich regent 1751-1758
• Leopold III 1751–1807

Raised to Duchy 1807.

Dukes of Anhalt-Dessau 1807-1863

• Leopold III 1807–1817
• Leopold IV 1817–1863

Renamed Duchy of Anhalt 1863.

Principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1544–1553 and 1603–1665

Princes of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1544-1553

• George III 1544–1553 Also Prince(Co-regent) of Anhalt-Dessau 1516-1544

To Anhalt-Zerbst 1553.

Princes of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1603-1665

• Augustus 1603–1653
• Ernest Gottlieb 1653–1654
• Lebrecht 1653–1665 (co-regent)
• Emmanuel 1653–1665 (co-regent)

United with Anhalt-Bernburg 1665.

Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode 1635–1709

Princes of Anhalt-Harzgerode

• Frederick 1635–1670
• William Louis 1670–1709

To Anhalt-Bernburg

Principality of Anhalt-Mühlingen: 1667–1714

Princes of Anhalt-Mühlingen 1667–1714

From Anhalt-Zerbst

• Anthony Günther 1667-1714

United with Anhalt-Zerbst in 1714

Principality of Anhalt-Dornburg: 1667–1742

From Anhalt-Zerbst

• John Louis I 1667–1704
• John Louis II 1704–1742
• John Augustus 1704–1709 (co-regent)
• Christian Louis 1704–1710 (co-regent)
• John Frederick 1704–1742 (co-regent)
• Christian Augustus 1704–1742 (co-regent)

United with Anhalt-Zerbst in 1742

Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym: 1718–1812

Princes of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym 1718-1727

• Lebrecht 1718-1727
• Victor I Amadeus Adolph 1727

Principality name changed to Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym 1727-1812

• Victor I Amadeus Adolph 1727-1772
• Karl Louis 1772-1806
• Victor II Karl Frederick 1806-1812
• Frederick 1812

Principality went back to Anhalt-Bernburg

Duchy and Electorate of Saxony: 1112, 1139–1142, 1180–1422

Dukes of Saxony 1139-1142

• Albert I the Bear 20 October 1139–1142. Also Margrave of Brandenburg

Dukes of Saxony 1180-1422

• Bernard I (or III) 1180–1212 numberings starting with Ascanian rule or continuing after prior dukes of the same name. Father of the following, son of Albert I
• Albert I 1212-1260 father of the following two dukes
• Albert II divided some competences among each other, however, continued joint rule.
• Albert II continued as sole ruler until 1298, then succeeded by his son Rudolf I (see section Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg below). Uncle of the following three dukes
• John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below). Brother of the following two dukes.
• John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below). Brother of the following duke.
• John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below)

In 1296 Albert II, who also kept the electorial reights continued as sole ruler until 1298

Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg: 1269–1689

• Eric I 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1360 in Saxe-Bergedorf, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg
• John II 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1321 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg
• Albert III 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1308 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg, dying without issue

Eric I inherited his share In 1303 the brothers split their inheritance between them, however, only tow brothers had heirs creating the Bergedorf-Mölln and the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg lines.

Bergedorf-Mölln line

'First named Saxe-Mölln, however, renamed following a territorial redeployment including parts of Albert III's share in 1321.

• John II 1303-1322 (*ca. 1275–1322*), ruled alone in Bergedorf-Mölln, rivalled as Saxon Prince-Elector by his cousin Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg in 1314
• Albert (Albrecht) IV 1322-1343 (*?–1343*)
• John(Johann) III 1343-1356 (*?–1356*)
• Albert (Albrecht) V 1356-1370 (*?–1370*)
• Eric III 1370-1401 (*?–1401*)

In 1401, the elder branch became extinct and Lauenburg rejoined the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line.

Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line

First named Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg, however, renamed following a territorial redeployment after inheriting Albert III's share.

• Eric I 1303-1338(1281–1359)
• [Private)
• Bernard II since 1401.

In 1401, the younger branch inherited Lauenburg and other possessions of the extinct elder Bergedorf-Mölln line.

• Bernard II as of 1426.
• Eric V
• Eric V as of 1426.
• John V(Johann V) 1463-1507 (*1439–1507*)
• Magnus I 1507-1543 (*1488–1543*)
• Francis I 1543-1571 (*1510–1581*) resigned in favour of his son Magnus II.
• Magnus II 1571-1574 (*1543–1603*)
• Francis I 1574-1581 (*1510–1581*) reascended the throne, replacing his son Magnus II.
• Magnus II 1581-1588 (*1543–1603*) ruled jointly with his brothers Maurice and Francis II, Magnus resigned in 1588.
• Maurice 1581-1612 (*1551–1612*) ruled jointly with his brothers Magnus II (untill 1588) and Francis II
• Francis II 1581-1619 (*1547–1619*) ruled jointly with his brothers Magnus II (untill 1588) and Maurice (untill 1612)
• Augustus 1619-1656 (*1577–1656*)
• Julius Henry 1656-1665 (*1586–1665*)
• Francis Erdmann 1665-1666 (*1629–1666*)
• Julius Francis 1666-1689 (*1641–1689*)

Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg: [ Electors of Saxony] 1269–1422

• Albrecht II 1296-1298 (*1250-1298*)
• Rudolf I 1284-1356 (*1298-1356*) The Golden Bull of 1356 confirmed the right to participate in the election of a Holy Roman Emperor to the Duke of Saxony in the Saxe-Wittenberg line
• [ Rudolf II "der Blinde"] 1356-1370
• Wenceslas I 1337-1388 (*1370-1388*)
• [ Rudolf III] 1388-1419
• [ Albrecht III "der Arme"] 1419-1422

Principality of Lüneburg: 1369–1388

• [ Albrecht (Sachsen-Wittenberg)] († 1385) 1370 - 1385 Albrecht verlegte nach der Schleifung der Lüneburger Burg die Residenz nach Celle
• [ Wenzel von Sachsen-Wittenberg († 1388) 1370 - 1388

County of Weimar-Orlamünde: 1112–1486

Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde

• [ Siegfried I] 1112-1113 Pfalzgraf bei Rhein
• [ Siegfried II] 1113-1124
• [ Wilhelm] 1124-1140
• Albrecht I der Bär 1140-1170
• Hermann I 1167-1176
• Siegfried III 1176-1206
• Albrecht II 1206-1245 (zusammen mit seinem jüngeren Bruder Hermann II., regierte praktisch nicht)
• Hermann II 1206-1247

Orlamünder Branch

• Hermann III 1247-1283

Weimarer Branch

• Otto III 1247-1285
• Hermann IV 1285-1319
• Otto IV 1285-1305
• Otto VI 1305-1340
• Friedrich I 1340-1365
• Hermann VI 1365-1372

Margravate of Brandenburg: 1157–1320

• Albert I "the Bear" 1157–1170 Ruler of the Nordmark from 1134.
• Otto I 1170–1184 Son of Albert I. Ruled together with his father from 1144.
• Otto II 1184–1205 Son of Otto I.
• Albert II 1205–1220 Son of Otto I
• Otto III 1220–1266 + 1220-1267 Co-rulers, sons of Albert II.

From 1266 to 1319, Brandenburg was held by the two lines of Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel, all of whom jointly shared the title of Margrave.

Brandenburg-Stendal 1266-1319

Co-rulers, sons of John I:

• [ John II] 1266-1282
• [ Conrad] 1266-1304
• [ Otto IV] 1266-1308
• [ Henry I] 1266-1318

Co-rulers:

• [ Waldemar] 1308-1319, son of Conrad
• [ Henry II] 1319-1320, son of Henry I

Brandenburg-Salzwedel 1266-1317

Co-rulers, sons of Otto III:

• John III, 1267-1268
• Otto V 1267-1298
• [ Otto VI] 1267-1291
• Albert III, 1267-1300

Co-rulers:

• [ Herman] 1298-1308 (alone from 1300)
• [ John V] 1308-1317

After the extinction of the Ascanian dynasty in 1320, Brandenburg came under the control of the Emperor Louis IV of the House of Wittelsbach, who granted Brandenburg to his eldest son, Louis V of Bavaria.

Russian Empire: 1762–1796

• Catharina of Russia 1762-1796