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House of Ascania

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Askanier, of Anhalt-Bernburg, of Saxony Wittenberg, von Anhalt and 14 others
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The purpose of this project which is a subproject to Noble houses of Europe is to make a total overview of all the countries ruled by the house, and its rulers.

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Countries ruled by the house:

County, Principality, and Duchy of Anhalt: c. 1100-1252 1863–1918

  • Otto, Count of Ballenstedt ?-1123 Count of Ballenstedt and first Count of Anhalt
  • Albert "the Bear" ?–1170
  • Bernhard III 1170–1212
  • Henry I(Heinrich I) 1212–1252 (Prince from 1218) After the dead of Heinrich I in 1252 the Ducheri was partitioned between , 1) Anhalt-Bernburg, 2) Anhalt-Zerbst and 3) Anhalt-Aschersleben. The duchies was not totally reunited until 1863

Dukes of Anhalt, 1863–1918

Heads of the House of Anhalt since 1918

1) Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg: 1252–1468 and 1603–1863

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1252–1468

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1603–1807

Dukes of Anhalt-Bernburg 1803–1863

2) Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst: 1252–1396 and 1544–1796

Princes of Anhalt-Zerbst 1252-1396

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

Princes of Anhalt-Zerbst 1544-1796

'Principality was recreated when the princepallity of Anhalt-Dessau was divided into Anhalt-Zerbst, Anhalt-Plötzkau and Anhalt-Dessau'

3) Principality of Anhalt-Aschersleben: 1252–1315

Created when the Principality of Anhalt was devited into the Principalities of Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst

  • [ Henry II '1252–1266
  • [ Otto I 1266–1304
  • [ Henry III 1266–1283 brother and co-regent
  • [Otto II] 1304–1315 Went to the Bistum of Halberstadt

Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen: 1396–1561 and 1603–1847

Princes of Anhalt-Köthen 1396–1561

  • Albert IV 1396–1423
  • Waldemar V 1423–1436 (co-regent)
  • Adolph I 1423–1473
  • Albert V 1473–1475 (co-regent)
  • Magnus 1475–1508 (co-regent) (d. 1524)
  • Adolph II 1475–1508 (co-regent) (d. 1526)
  • Philip 1475–1500 (co-regent)
  • Waldemar VI 1471–1508 (Anhalt-Dessau)
  • Wolfgang 1508–1562 (d. 1566) To Anhalt-Dessau 1562.

Princes of Anhalt-Köthen 1603–1806

Dukes of Anhalt-Köthen 1806-1847

  • Augustus Christian Frederick 1806–1812
    • Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau regent 1812-1817
    • Leopold IV of Anhalt-Dessau regent 1817-1818
  • Louis Augustus Karl Frederick Emil 1812–1818
  • Frederick Ferdinand 1818–1830
  • Henry 1830–1847 To Anhalt-Dessau 1847.

Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau 1396–1561 and 1603–1863

Princes of Anhalt-Dessau 1396-1561

Princes of Anhalt-Dessau 1603-1807

Dukes of Anhalt-Dessau 1807-1863

  • Leopold III 1807–1817
  • Leopold IV 1817–1863 Renamed Duchy of Anhalt 1863.

Principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1544–1553 and 1603–1665

Princes of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1544-1553

  • George III 1544–1553 Also Prince(Co-regent) of Anhalt-Dessau 1516-1544

To Anhalt-Zerbst 1553.

Princes of Anhalt-Plötzkau 1603-1665

  • Augustus 1603–1653
  • Ernest Gottlieb 1653–1654
  • Lebrecht 1653–1665 (co-regent)
  • Emmanuel 1653–1665 (co-regent) United with Anhalt-Bernburg 1665.

Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode 1635–1709

Princes of Anhalt-Harzgerode

To Anhalt-Bernburg

Principality of Anhalt-Mühlingen: 1667–1714

Princes of Anhalt-Mühlingen 1667–1714

From Anhalt-Zerbst

Principality of Anhalt-Dornburg: 1667–1742

From Anhalt-Zerbst

Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym: 1718–1812

Princes of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym 1718-1727

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym 1727-1812

  • Victor I Amadeus Adolph 1727-1772
  • Karl Louis 1772-1806
  • Victor II Karl Frederick 1806-1812
  • Frederick 1812 Principality went back to Anhalt-Bernburg

Duchy and Electorate of Saxony: 1112, 1139–1142, 1180–1422

Dukes of Saxony 1139-1142

Dukes of Saxony 1180-1422

  • Bernard I (or III) 1180–1212 numberings starting with Ascanian rule or continuing after prior dukes of the same name. Father of the following, son of Albert I
  • Albert I 1212-1260 father of the following two dukes
  • Albert II divided some competences among each other, however, continued joint rule.
  • Albert II continued as sole ruler until 1298, then succeeded by his son Rudolf I (see section Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg below). Uncle of the following three dukes
  • John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below). Brother of the following two dukes.
  • John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below). Brother of the following duke.
  • John II continued to rule jointly (see section Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg below) In 1296 Albert II, who also kept the electorial reights continued as sole ruler until 1298

Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg: 1269–1689

  • Eric I 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1360 in Saxe-Bergedorf, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg
  • John II 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1321 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg
  • Albert III 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1308 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg, dying without issue Eric I inherited his share In 1303 the brothers split their inheritance between them, however, only tow brothers had heirs creating the Bergedorf-Mölln and the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg lines.

Bergedorf-Mölln line

'First named Saxe-Mölln, however, renamed following a territorial redeployment including parts of Albert III's share in 1321.

  • John II 1303-1322 (*ca. 1275–1322*), ruled alone in Bergedorf-Mölln, rivalled as Saxon Prince-Elector by his cousin Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg in 1314
  • Albert (Albrecht) IV 1322-1343 (*?–1343*)
  • John(Johann) III 1343-1356 (*?–1356*)
  • Albert (Albrecht) V 1356-1370 (*?–1370*)
  • Eric III 1370-1401 (*?–1401*) In 1401, the elder branch became extinct and Lauenburg rejoined the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line.

Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line

First named Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg, however, renamed following a territorial redeployment after inheriting Albert III's share.

  • Eric I 1303-1338(1281–1359)
  • [Private)
  • Bernard II since 1401. In 1401, the younger branch inherited Lauenburg and other possessions of the extinct elder Bergedorf-Mölln line.
  • Bernard II as of 1426.
  • Eric V
  • Eric V as of 1426.
  • John V(Johann V) 1463-1507 (*1439–1507*)
  • Magnus I 1507-1543 (*1488–1543*)
  • Francis I 1543-1571 (*1510–1581*) resigned in favour of his son Magnus II.
  • Magnus II 1571-1574 (*1543–1603*)
  • Francis I 1574-1581 (*1510–1581*) reascended the throne, replacing his son Magnus II.
  • Magnus II 1581-1588 (*1543–1603*) ruled jointly with his brothers Maurice and Francis II, Magnus resigned in 1588.
  • Maurice 1581-1612 (*1551–1612*) ruled jointly with his brothers Magnus II (untill 1588) and Francis II
  • Francis II 1581-1619 (*1547–1619*) ruled jointly with his brothers Magnus II (untill 1588) and Maurice (untill 1612)
  • Augustus 1619-1656 (*1577–1656*)
  • Julius Henry 1656-1665 (*1586–1665*)
  • Francis Erdmann 1665-1666 (*1629–1666*)
  • Julius Francis 1666-1689 (*1641–1689*)

Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg: [ Electors of Saxony] 1269–1422

  • Albrecht II 1296-1298 (*1250-1298*)
  • Rudolf I 1284-1356 (*1298-1356*) The Golden Bull of 1356 confirmed the right to participate in the election of a Holy Roman Emperor to the Duke of Saxony in the Saxe-Wittenberg line
  • [ Rudolf II "der Blinde"] 1356-1370
  • Wenceslas I 1337-1388 (*1370-1388*)
  • [ Rudolf III] 1388-1419
  • [ Albrecht III "der Arme"] 1419-1422

Principality of Lüneburg: 1369–1388

  • [ Albrecht (Sachsen-Wittenberg)] († 1385) 1370 - 1385 Albrecht verlegte nach der Schleifung der Lüneburger Burg die Residenz nach Celle
  • [ Wenzel von Sachsen-Wittenberg († 1388) 1370 - 1388

County of Weimar-Orlamünde: 1112–1486

Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde

Orlamünder Branch

Weimarer Branch

Margravate of Brandenburg: 1157–1320

  • Albert I "the Bear" 1157–1170 Ruler of the Nordmark from 1134.
  • Otto I 1170–1184 Son of Albert I. Ruled together with his father from 1144.
  • Otto II 1184–1205 Son of Otto I.
  • Albert II 1205–1220 Son of Otto I
  • Otto III 1220–1266 + 1220-1267 Co-rulers, sons of Albert II. From 1266 to 1319, Brandenburg was held by the two lines of Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel, all of whom jointly shared the title of Margrave.

Brandenburg-Stendal 1266-1319

Co-rulers, sons of John I:

  • [ John II] 1266-1282
  • [ Conrad] 1266-1304
  • [ Otto IV] 1266-1308
  • [ Henry I] 1266-1318 Co-rulers:
  • [ Waldemar] 1308-1319, son of Conrad
  • [ Henry II] 1319-1320, son of Henry I

Brandenburg-Salzwedel 1266-1317

Co-rulers, sons of Otto III:

Co-rulers:

  • [ Herman] 1298-1308 (alone from 1300)
  • [ John V] 1308-1317 After the extinction of the Ascanian dynasty in 1320, Brandenburg came under the control of the Emperor Louis IV of the House of Wittelsbach, who granted Brandenburg to his eldest son, Louis V of Bavaria.

Russian Empire: 1762–1796
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