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Lumbee Recognition
In 1885, the tribe was recognized as Indian by the State of North Carolina. Lumbee started self referencing as such during their Lumbar River community time frame. Earlier, The BWAAN was the commonality amongst their previous era, when the Algonquian name of the Eastern Siouan was Bwananay (the real word for what the people called themselves instead of the word, Siouan, which is French meaning, Snakes.
Wisacky as mentioned by Lederer, writing about 1670, speaks of the Waxhaw under the name Wisacky who were subject to and might be considered a part of the Catawba. https://csd.clld.org/languages/ca https://www.carolana.com/Carolina/Native_Americans/native_americans... Laderer mentioned 13 groups in his travels under an Eastern Siouan category. The Special Agent Report of the 1924 Cheokee Normal School lists the
Pre British Trade group as the: Kateras /Hateras (Iroquois) and goes into detail on the self terming Manteo (To Snatch ) Tribe, taking on the Algonquian name Manteo in the time frame prior to self referencing as Lumbee.
First in Trade With the British: Cheraw of WV - History starts a the Lower Chippokes is a creek at the bottom of the Nansemond land area and in what had been Wahunseneca's favorite of his many residences. is the name place for the appropriation of the name Cheapoke whose mother was a Machapunga Berry whose former island area in the outer banks was taken over and the Machapunga were moved to Hogg Island in Jamestown, which was owned by Trader Floyd of Ft Henry and the only British trader of that time and place allowed to have a license to the Appamatux "Countrie". Cheapoke's parents were John Harris, of Northhampton Co, Va and Little (Berry) Harris /Machapunga. who were on the Northumberland Census as FPOC and whose descendants are the proto Lumbar River natives and the self terming Old Cheraw, as well, a Bryant line of Chicasaw.
The Ocaneechi language was the trade language of the Eastern Pan NA Trade
Subgroups of Lumbee: Cheraw of Sumpter County, Maxton Co. Tuscorora. https://www.geni.com/projects/Tuscorora-Maxton-Co-NC/people/56038
From the Lumbee Tribe info: " Who are the Lumbee? ORIGINS: The Lumbee are the amalgamation of various Siouan, Algonquian, and Iroquoian speaking tribes. The earliest document showing Indian communities in the area of Drowning Creek is a map prepared by John Herbert, the commissioner of Indian trade for the Wineau Factory on the Black River, in 1725. Herbert identifies the four Siouan-speaking communities as the Saraws, Pedee, Scavanos, and Wacomas. (Note: Drowning Creek is presently known as the Lumber River, and flows through present-day Robeson County. Many Lumbee people also know it as the Lumbee River.)
In 1754, it was reported that there was an Indian settlement consisting of 50 families located on Drowning Creek. That same year, North Carolina Governor Matthew Rowan proclaimed the county of Anson a "frontier to the Indians". Drowning Creek formed the border between Anson and Bladen counties and the settlement was located on the Anson side of the border. In 1771, a convicted felon by the name of Winsler Driggers was captured "near Drowning Creek, in the Charraw settlement" (South Carolina Gazette October 3, 1771). This mention, along with no evidence that a new settlement was established or the old settlement was abandoned, confirms that the settlement on Drowning Creek in 1754 was a Cheraw settlement.
Who are the Lumbee?
The 55,000 members of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina reside primarily in Robeson, Hoke,Cumberland and Scotland counties. The Lumbee Tribe is the largest tribe in North Carolina, the largest tribe east of the Mississippi River and the ninth largest in the nation. The Lumbee take their name from the Lumbee River which winds its way through Robeson County. Pembroke, North Carolina is the economic, cultural and political center of the tribe.
The Lumbee people have been recognized by the state of North Carolina since 1885, and at the same time established a separate school system that would benefit tribal members. In 1887, the state established the Croatan Normal Indian School, which is today The University of North Carolina at Pembroke. In 1956 a bill was passed by the United States Congress which recognized the Lumbee as Indian, but denied the tribe full status as a federally recognized Indian tribe.
(Part of the US Federal requirement for a fed level recognition is to have a diaspora and to go through the BIA for showing continuity to a continuous unbroken leadership legacy at the level of 1800 era.)