Siege of Caerlaverock Castle

Wars of Independence

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Date:

July 1300

Location:

Caerlaverock Castle - Dumfries and Galloway

Result

English Victory

Belligerents

Kingdom of Scotland

• Strength 60 Scots
• Commanders and leaders

• Lord Maxwell - probably Sir Eustace de Maxwell

It is not known if the Maxwells were in command of it at the time but some six years later they were compensated by the new King Robert the Bruce for it being disabled. Sir Eustace Maxwell was head of the family by this time. http://www.maxwellsociety.com/History/Lordsmaxwell.htm''

• Patrick IV Earl of Dunbar (Ref. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_IV,_Earl_of_Dunbar)''

• Casualties and losses
• Captives

Kingdom of England

• Strength 87 knights and more than 3000 men
• Commanders and leaders

• Edward I

• Casualties and losses
• Captives

Causes

Overview

From http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/scotlandshistory/warsofindependence/castlessieges/index.asp

"In 1300 Edward I invaded Galloway and laid siege to Caerlaverock castle. Siege engines were brought from Lochmaben and castles as far afield as Jedburgh and Roxburgh. 60 Scots under Lord Maxwell tried to hold the castle against Edward’s army of 87 knights and more than 3000 men. When Edward I finally broke through the castle’s defences some of the Scots defenders were hanged from the battlements.

We have an account of the siege from a member of Edward’s army:

Caerlaverock was so strong a castle that it feared no siege before the King came there, for it would never have had to surrender, provided that it was well supplied, when the need arose, with men, engines and provisions...

...So stoutly was the gate of the castle assailed by him, that never did smith with his hammer strike his iron as he and his did there. Notwithstanding, there were showered upon them such huge stones, quarrels, and arrows, that with wounds and bruises they were so hurt and exhausted, that it was with very great difficulty they were able to retire.

Aftermath

Notable connections

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References, Sources and Further Reading

• http://www.exploring-castles.com/caerlaverock_castle.html#.Uqn3j6UXubw
• http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/propertyresults/propertyabout.htm?PropID=pl_047&PropName=Caerlaverock%20Castle
• http://www.electricscotland.com/historic/castles/caerlaverock.htm
• Scotland - The History of a Nation by Magnus Magnusson

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