James V Stewart, King of Scots was born on 10 April 1512 in Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian, Scotland and died on 14 December 1542 in Falkland Palace, Fife, Scotland and was buried in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland, He was also known as Seumas V Stiùbhairt,

Ruled: 9 September 1513 - 14 December 1542

Preceded by: James IV 11 June 1488 - 9 September 1513

Succeeded by: Mary Steward, Queen of Scots 14 December 1542 - 24 July 1567

Coronation: 21 September 1513 in the Chapel Royal at Stirling Castle

Regents:

1. Margaret Tudor (1513–1514)
2. Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell council of Regency (1536) and Regent Isle of Arran (1513-?)
3. John, Duke of Albany (1515–1524)
4. Archibald, Earl of Angus (1525–1528)

Basics

Son of King James IV of Scotland (17 March 1473 -9 September 1513) and Margaret Tudor of England (28 November 1489 – 18 October 1541)

Married:

1. Madeleine of Valois on 1 January 1537 in Notre Dame de Paris

Children:

None

2. Mary of Guise on 12 June 1538 (married by proxy)

Children:

1. Mary Seward 8 December 1542

illegitimate Children:

1. Adam Stewart, (d. 20 June 1575), son of Lady Elizabeth Stewart
2. James Stewart, son of Christine Barclay
3. Jean Stewart (d. 7 January 1588), daughter of Elizabeth Bethune.
4. James Stewart (c. 1529-1557), son of Elizabeth Shaw.
5. Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Orkney, son of Euphame Elphinstone
6. John Stewart, Lord Darnley (c. 1531 - November 1563), son of Elizabeth Carmichael.
7. James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, son of Margaret Erskine, James' favorite mistress.
8. Robert Stewart, junior, (d. 1581), mother unknown.
9. Margaret Stewart, mother unknown.

Biography

James V (10 April 1512 – 14 December 1542) was King of Scots from 9 September 1513 until his premature death at the age of 30, which followed the Scottish defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss. His only surviving legitimate child, Mary, Queen of Scots, succeeded him to the throne when just six or seven days old.

The son of King James IV of Scotland and his queen, Margaret Tudor of England, he was born on 10 April 1512, at Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian, and was just seventeen months old when his father was killed at the Battle of Flodden Field on 9 September 1513.

He was crowned in the Chapel Royal at Stirling Castle on 21 September 1513. During his childhood, the country was ruled by regents, first by his mother, Margaret Tudor (sister of King Henry VIII of England), until she remarried the following year, and thereafter by John Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany, who was himself next in line for the throne after James and his younger brother, the posthumously-born Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross. Other regents included Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell a member of the council of Regency who was also bestowed as Regent of Arran the largest island in the Firth of Clyde. In February 1517, James came from Stirling to Holyroodhouse but during at outbreak of plague in the city he was moved to the care of De la Bastie at nearby rural Craigmillar Castle. At Stirling, the 10 year old James had a guard of 20 footmen dressed in his colours, red and yellow. When he went to the Park below the Castle, 'by secret and in right fair and soft wedder (weather),' six horsemen would scour the countryside two miles roundabout for intruders. Poets wrote his own nursery rhymes, advising him on royal behaviour. William Stewart in his Princelie Majestie counselled against ice-skating;

To princes als it is ane vyce, To ryd or run over rakleslie, Or aventure to go on yce, Accordis nocht to thy majestie.

An impression of the Scottish court at Holyroodhouse on All Saints day 1524 is given by a letter of an English diplomat, Thomas Magnus, "trumpets and shamulles did sounde and blewe up mooste pleasauntely." In 1525, Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, the young king's stepfather, took custody of James and held him as a virtual prisoner for three years, exercising power on his behalf. James and his mother came to Edinburgh on 20 November 1526, she stayed in the chambers at Holyroodhouse which Albany had used, and James used the rooms above. In February 1527, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond sent James twenty hunting hounds and a huntsman. Magnus thought the Scottish servant sent with this request was intended to note the form and fashion of the Duke's household, for emulation in Scotland. James finally escaped from Angus's care in 1528 and assumed the reins of government himself.

His first action as king was to remove Angus from the scene, and he then subdued the Border rebels and the chiefs of the Western Isles. As well as taking advice from his nobility, James had a team of professional lawyers and diplomats, including Adam Otterburn and Thomas Erskine of Haltoun. Even John Tennent of Listonschiels, his pursemaster and yeoman of the wardrobe, was sent on an errand to England, though he got a frosty reception. James increased his income by tightening control over royal estates and from the profits of justice, customs and feudal rights. He also gave his illegitimate sons lucrative benefices, diverting substantial church wealth into his coffers. James spent a large amount of his wealth on building work at Stirling Castle, Falkland Palace, Linlithgow Palace and Holyrood and built up a collection of tapestries from those inherited from his father.

Domestic and international policy was affected by the Reformation, especially after Henry VIII broke from the Catholic church. James V did not tolerate heresy and during his reign, a number of outspoken Protestants were persecuted. The most famous of these was Patrick Hamilton who was burned at the stake as a heretic at St Andrews in 1528. Later in the reign, the English ambassador Ralph Sadler tried to encourage him to close the monasteries and take their revenue, so that he would not have to keep sheep like a mean subject. James replied that he had no sheep, he could depend on his good-father the King of France, and it was against reason to close the abbeys which, "stand these many years, and God's service maintained and keeped in the same, and I might have anything I require of them." (James however did keep sheep; after his death 600 were given to James Douglass of Drumlanrig). On 19 January 1537 Pope Paul III sent James a sword and cap symbolizing his prayers that he would be strengthened against heresies from across the border. According to 16th-century writers, his treasurer James Kirkcaldy of Grange tried to persuade him against the persecution of Protestants and to meet Henry VIII at York. Although Henry VIII sent his tapestries to York in September 1541 ahead of the meeting, James did not come.

On 6 March 1536 a contract was made for James V to marry Mary of Bourbon, daughter of the Duke of Vendôme. James visited her at St. Quentin in Picardy, but then went south to meet Francis I of France. During his stay in France, in October 1536, James went boar-hunting at Loches with Francis I, his son the Dauphin, the King of Navarre and Ippolito II d'Este. James renewed the Auld Alliance of Scotland with France and fulfilled the 1517 treaty of Rouen, on 1 January 1537, by marrying Madeleine of Valois, the king's daughter in Notre Dame de Paris. The wedding was a great event: Francis I made a contract with six painters for the splendid decorations, and there were days of jousting at the Louvre. At his entry to Paris, James wore a coat described as, "sad cramasy velvet slashed all over with gold cut out on plain cloth of gold fringed with gold and all cut out, knit with horns and lined with red taffeta." James V so liked red clothing that, during the wedding festivities, he upset the city dignitaries who had sole right to wear that colour in processions. They noted he could not speak a word of French. Madeleine did not enjoy good health. They returned from France on 19 May 1537, arriving at Leith, his Scottish fleet accompanied with ten great French ships. Following Madeleine's death (she was consumptive) in July 1537, James proceeded to marry by proxy, on 12 June 1538, Mary of Guise, daughter of Claude, Duke of Guise and widow of Louis of Orleans, Duke of Longueville. Mary already had two sons from her first marriage, and the union produced two sons. However, both died in April 1541, just eight days after baby Robert was baptised. Their daughter and James's only legitimate child was born in 1542 at Linlithgow Palace.

According to legend, James was nicknamed "King of the Commons" as he would sometimes travel around Scotland, disguised as a common man, describing himself as the Gudeman of Ballengeich ('Gudeman' means 'landlord' or 'farmer', and 'Ballengeich' was the nickname of a road next to Stirling Castle - meaning 'windy pass' in Gaelic). James was also a keen lute player. In 1562 Sir Thomas Wood reported that James had "a singular good ear and could sing that he had never seen before" (sight-read) but his voice was "rawky" and "harske." At court James maintained a band of Italian musicians who adopted the name Drummond. The historian Andrea Thomas makes a useful distinction between the loud music provided at ceremonies and professionals and instruments employed for more private occasion. This quieter music included a consort of viols played by four Frenchmen led by Jacques Columbell. It seems certain that David Peebles wrote music for James V, and probable that the Scottish composer Robert Carver was in royal employ, though evidence is lacking.

As a patron of poets and authors he supported William Stewart and John Bellenden, who translated the Latin History of Scotland compiled in 1527 by Hector Boece, into verse and prose. Sir David Lindsay of the Mount, who was employed as the Lyon Herald, an officer of arms and diplomat, was a prolific poet. He produced an interlude at Linlithgow Palace thought to be a version of his play The Thrie Estaitis in 1540. James also attracted the attention of international authors. The French poet Pierre de Ronsard, who had been a page of Madeleine of Valois, offered unqualified praise;

"Son port estoit royal, son regard vigoureux De vertus, et de l'honneur, et guerre amoureux La douceur et la force illustroient son visage Si que Venus et Mars en avoient fait partage"

His royal bearing, and vigorous pursuit of virtue, of honor, and love's war, this sweetness and strength illuminate his face, as if he were Venus and Mars' child.

When he married Mary of Guise, Giovanni Ferrerio, an Italian scholar who had been at Kinloss Abbey in Scotland, dedicated to the couple a new edition of his work, On the true significance of comets against the vanity of astrologers. Like Henry VIII, James employed many foreign artisans and craftsmen in order to enhance the prestige of his renaissance court. Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie listed their professions;

he filled the country with all kind of craftsmen out of other countries, as French-men, Spaniards, Dutch men, and Englishmen, which were all cunning craftsmen, every man for his own hand. Some were gunners, wrights, carvers, painters, masons, smiths, harness-makers (armorers), tapsters, broudsters, taylors, cunning chirugeons, apothecaries, with all other kind of craftsmen to apparel his palaces.[32]

One technological initiative was a special mill for polishing armor at Holyroodhouse next to his mint. The mill had a pole drive 32 feet long powered by horses. Mary of Guise's mother Antoinette of Bourbon sent him an armorer. In October 1538 the French armorer made steel plates for his jousting saddles, and delivered a skirt of plate armor in February 1540.[34] When James took steps to suppress the circulation of slanderous ballads and rhymes against Henry VIII, Henry sent Fulke ap Powell, Lancaster Herald, to give thanks and to make arrangements for the present of a lion for James's menagerie of exotic pets.

The death of his mother in 1541 removed any incentive for peace with England, and war broke out. Initially the Scots won a victory at the Battle of Haddon Rig in 1542, but later that year, they suffered a serious defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss. He took ill shortly after this, on 6 December, by some accounts this was a nervous collapse caused by the defeat, although some historians consider that it may just have been an ordinary fever. John Knox later described his final movements in Fife. Whatever the cause of his illness, he was on his deathbed at Falkland Palace when his only surviving legitimate child, a girl named Mary, was born. Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich brought the news of the king's death to Berwick. He said James died at midnight on Thursday 15 December; the king was talking but delirious and spoke no "wise words." According to George Douglas in his delirium James lamented the capture of his banner and Oliver Sinclair at Solway Moss more than his other losses. An English chronicler suggested another cause of the king's grief was his discomfort on hearing of the murder of the English Somerset Herald, Thomas Trahern, at Dunbar. James was buried at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh.

Links

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Scottish_monarchs#House_of_Stewart.2FStuart
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland
• http://thepeerage.com/p10148.htm#i101480
• http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=2731
• http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=9301796

Sources

• Bingham, Caroline (1971), James V King of Scots, London: Collins, ISBN 0-00-211390-2
• Cameron, Jamie (1998), Macdougall, Norman, ed., James V: The Personal Rule, 1528–1542, The Stewart Dynasty in Scotland, East Linton: Tuckwell Press, ISBN 1-86232-015-4
• Dawson, Jane (2007), Scotland Reformed 1488–1587, The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, 6, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-1455-4
• Donaldson, Gordon (1965), Scotland: James V to James VII, The Edinburgh History of Scotland, III, Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, ISBN 0-901824-851
• Dunbar, John (1999). Scottish Royal Palaces. Tuckwell Press. ISBN 186232042X.
• Ellis, Henry, 'A Household book of James V', in Archaeologia, vol. 22, (1829), 1-12
• Thomas, Andrea (2005), Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland, Edinburgh: John Donald, ISBN 0-85976-611-X
• Williams, Janet Hadley (1996), Stewart Style 1513-1542, Edinburgh: Tuckwell Press, ISBN 1-898410-82-8
• Williams, Janet Hadley (2000), Sir David Lyndsay, Selected Poems, Glasgow: ASLS, ISBN 0-948877-46-4
• Wormald, Jenny (1981), Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland 1470–1625, The New History of Scotland, 4, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-0276-3

Citations

1. The Peerage — James V
2. Williams, Janet Hadley ed., Sir David Lyndsay, Selected Poems, Glasgow (2000), 98-100, 257-9.
3. Register of the Privy Seal, vol. 8, (1982), 485, no. 2742.
4. Cameron, Jamie, James V, Tuckwell (1998), 131.
5. Hollingsworth, Mary, The Cardinal's Hat, Profile Books, (2004), 117.
6. Leproux, Guy-Michel, La peinture à Paris sous le règne de François Ier, (2001), 26.
7. Robertson, Joseph, Inventaires de la Royne d'Ecosse, Bannatyne Club, (1863), xii-xiii, note citing Thomson, Collection of Royal Inventories, (1815), 80-81.
8. Teulet, Piéces et documents inédits relatifs a l'histoire d'Ècosse, Bannatyne Club (1852), 122-125.
9. State Papers Henry VIII, vol. 5 part 4 cont., (1836), 79, Clifford to Henry VIII.
10. Black's Picturesque Tourist of Scotland, Pages 180-181
11. "The Court of Mary, Queen of Scots". BBC Radio 3. 28 February 2010.
12. Thomas, Andrea, Princelie Majestie, John Donald (2005), 92-4, 98
13. Thomas, Andrea, Princelie Majestie, John Donald (1998), 105-107.
14. Bingham, Caroline, James V, Collins (1971), 12, quoting William Drummond of Hawthornden, History of the 5 Jameses, (1655), 348-9; or Works, Edinburgh (1711), 115.
15. Ferrerio, Giovanni, De vera cometae significatione contra astrologorum omnium vanitatem. Libellus, nuper natus et aeditus, Paris , Vascovan, (1538).
16. Thomas, Andrea, Princelie Majestie, the court of James V, John Donald, (2005), 226-243.
17. Lindsay of Pitscottie, Robert, The History of Scotland, Edinburgh, (1778), 238: abbreviated in Lindsay of Pitscottie, vol. 2, (1814), 359.
18. Accounts of the Masters of Work, vol. 1, HMSO (1957), 101-102, 242 290: Thomas Andrea, Princelie Majestie, John Donald (2005), 173.

-------------------- James V Stewart, King of Scotland1 M, #101480, b. 15 April 1512, d. 14 December 1542

James V Stewart, King of Scotland|b. 15 Apr 1512\nd. 14 Dec 1542|p10148.htm#i101480|James IV Stewart, King of Scotland|b. 17 Mar 1473\nd. 9 Sep 1513|p10148.htm#i101479|Lady Margaret Tudor|b. 28 Nov 1489\nd. 18 Oct 1541|p10143.htm#i101421|James I. Stewart, King of Scotland|b. 10 Jul 1452\nd. 11 Jun 1488|p10190.htm#i101894|Margaret Oldenburg, Princess of Denmark|b. 23 Jun 1456\nd. 14 Jul 1486|p10212.htm#i102111|Henry V. Tudor, King of England|b. 28 Jan 1457\nd. 21 Apr 1509|p10142.htm#i101418|Elizabeth Plantagenet|b. 11 Feb 1466\nd. 11 Feb 1503|p10142.htm#i101419|

Last Edited=20 Jan 2011 Consanguinity Index=0.83%

James V, King of Scotland 2 James V Stewart, King of Scotland was born on 15 April 1512 at Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland.1 He was the son of James IV Stewart, King of Scotland and Lady Margaret Tudor.4 He married, firstly, Madeleine de Valois, daughter of François I, Roi de France and Claude de Valois, Duchesse de Bretagne, on 1 January 1537 at Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France.5 He married, secondly, Marie de Lorraine, daughter of Claude de Lorraine, Duc de Guise and Antoinette de Bourbon, on 12 June 1538 at St. Andrews Cathedral, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland.5 He was also reported to have been married by Proxy on 9 May 1538 at Paris, France.4 He died on 14 December 1542 at age 30 at Falkland Palace, Fife, Scotland.6 He was buried at Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.6

    James V Stewart, King of Scotland gained the title of Duke of Rothesay on 15 April 1512.1 He succeeded to the title of King James V of Scotland on 9 September 1513.1 He was crowned King of Scotland on 21 September 1513.1 He and Euphemia Elphinstone were associated circa 1532.7 He was invested as a Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 20 January 1535.1

Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Lady Elizabeth Stuart 1.Adam Stewart6 b. bt 1528 - 1542, d. 1606 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Elizabeth Bethune 1.Jean Stewart6 b. bt 1528 - 1542, d. 7 Jan 1587/88 Children of James V Stewart, King of Scotland 1.Margaret Stewart6 b. bt 1528 - 1542 2.Robert Stewart6 b. c 1533, d. 1581 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Elizabeth Shaw 1.James Stewart6 b. c 1529, d. 25 Sep 1557 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Elizabeth Carmichael 1.John Stewart, 1st Lord Darnley+6 b. c 1531, d. c Nov 1563 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Margaret Erskine 1.James Stuart, 1st Earl of Moray+6 b. 1531, d. 20 Jan 1569/70 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Christine Barclay 1.James Stewart6 b. bt 1531 - 1542 Child of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Euphemia Elphinstone 1.Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Orkney+6 b. 1533, d. 4 Feb 1592/93 Children of James V Stewart, King of Scotland and Marie de Lorraine 1.James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay4 b. 22 May 1540, d. Apr 1541 2.Arthur Stewart, Duke of Albany4 b. Apr 1541, d. Apr 1541 3.Mary Stewart, Queen of Scotland+ b. 7 Dec 1542, d. 8 Feb 1587 Citations 1.[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 240. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family. 2.[S3409] Caroline Maubois, "re: Penancoet Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger Lundy, 2 December 2008. Hereinafter cited as "re: Penancoet Family." 3.[S130] Wikipedia, online http;//www.wikipedia.org. Hereinafter cited as Wikipedia. 4.[S323] Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage: founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's The Peerage of Scotland (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas, 1904), volume I, page 23. Hereinafter cited as The Scots Peerage. 5.[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 241. 6.[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 242. 7.[S37] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 1313. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition.