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Historic Isle of Man
Image right - Coat of arms of Isle of Man by FXXX - own work, Public Domain, Wiki Commons
History of the Isle of Man
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The purpose of this project is to give a historic background to the Isle of Man, to provide information about those individuals of Historic importance linked to the county and to add links to any profiles of significant people linked to the Isle of Man who have profiles on GENi.
See also Isle of Man Main Page
Battles
- The Battle of the Isle of Man was a battle fought in 1158 between the Norse Gofraidh mac Amhlaibh (Godred II), King of Mann and the Isles and Celtic Somhairle MacGillebride (Somerled), King of Cinn Tìre (Kintyre), Argyll and Lorne, on the Isle of Man - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Isle_of_Man
Castles
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_castles_in_the_Isle_of_Man
- Bishopscourt
- Castle Rushen
- Cronk Howe Mooar
- Derby Fort
- Greeba castle
- Peel Castle
History - over view
Main Reference WIKI Isle of Man Information shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License - see Creative Commons Licenses
Timeline
They had some sort of religious regard for animals, particularly the Boar, and in Christian times, many of these objects, no longer actually worshipped, were regarded as charms, powerful to protect their owner in health of body and soul. In a hymn called " The Girdle of S. Finnian," the Saint specifies five such charms—the goat, bird, serpent, seaweed, and heather—thus : "A girdle of a serpent is my girdle ; the serpent is round me, so that men shall not wound me, so that women shall not bring me to perdition ; it has raised me to the stars, it is about me with power."
Pre-history
12th Century
15th Century
Lieutenant Governors of the Isle of Man
The Lieutenant Governor (Manx: Fo-chiannoort) is the representative on the Isle of Man of the Lord of Mann (currently Queen Elizabeth II). He/she has the power to grant Royal Assent and is styled His Excellency. In recent times the Governor has either been a retired diplomat or senior military officer. No Manx-born person has ever been appointed Lieutenant Governor, although Manx-born First Deemsters (ex officio Deputy Governors) have taken on the role during the transition of power between Governors, and during periods when the Lieutenant Governor is off-Island.
- Henry Hope (1773–1775)
- Richard Dawson (1775–1790)
- Alexander Shaw (1790–1804)
- Lord Henry Murray (1804–1805)
- Cornelius Smelt (1805–1832)
- Major General The Honourable John Ready (1832–1845)
- The Honourable Charles Hope (1845–1860)
- Mark Hildesley Quayle (1860) acting
- Francis Pigott Stainsby Conant (1860–1863)
- Mark Hildesley Quayle (1863) acting
- Sir Henry Brougham Loch, Baron Loch GCB, GCMG (1863–1882)
- Sir Spencer Walpole KCB (1882–1893)
- Sir Joseph West Ridgeway GCB, GCMG, KCSI (1893–1895)
- John Henniker-Major, 5th Baron Henniker (1895–1902)
- George Fitzroy Henry Somerset, 3rd Baron Raglan, GBE, CB (1902–1918)
- Major-General Sir William Fry, KCVO, CB (1918–1925)
- Sir Claude Hill, KCSI, CIE (1925–1932)
- Sir Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler, KCSI, CB, CIE, CVO, CBE (1932–1937)
- Vice Admiral William Spencer Leveson-Gower, 4th Earl Granville, KG, GCVO, CB, DSO (1937–1945)
- Air Vice Marshal Sir Geoffrey Rhodes Bromet, KBE, CB, DSO (1945–1952)
- Sir Ambrose Dundas Flux Dundas, KCIE, CSI (1952–1959)
- Sir Ronald Herbert Garvey, KCMG, KCVO, MBE (1959–1966)
- Sir Peter Hyla Gawne Stallard, KCMG, CVO, MBE (1966–1974)
- Sir John Warburton Paul, GCMG, OBE, MC (1974–1980)
- Rear Admiral Sir Nigel Cecil, KBE, CB (1980–1985)
- Major General Sir Laurence New, Kt, CB, CBE (1985–1990)
- Air Marshal Sir Laurence Jones, KCB, AFC (1990–1995)
- Sir Timothy Daunt, KCMG (1995–2000)
- Air Marshal Ian David Macfadyen, CB, OBE (2000–2005)
- Deemster Michael Kerruish QC (2005) acting
- Vice Admiral Sir Paul Kenneth Haddacks, KCB (2005–2011)
- Adam Wood (2011–present)
Governors of the Isle of Man
The title of Governor of the Isle of Man existed to 1828. Other titles, especially before 1595 were in use. List incomplete - from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_the_Isle_of_Man
Holan (1219-?), titled Seneschal Fogall McHascatt (1260-?), titled Seneschal Godfrey MacManus (1266-?), titled Bailiff Alan of Galloway, titled Bailiff Maurice Okerfair, titled Bailiff Reginald the Chaplain, titled Bailiff Brennus, titled Bailiff Donald, titled Bailiff Walter de Huntercombe (1290-93), titled Custodian
The following were Governors of the Isle of Man:
- Sir Thomas Gerrard (1595-1596)
- Peter Legh (1596-?)
- John Ireland
- John Greenhalgh (1640–51)
- William Christian (1656-?)
- James Chaloner (1658-1660)[2]
- Lord Fairfax (1660)[3]
- Thomas Cobbe?
- Isaac Barrow (1664-?)
- Nicholas Stanley (1696-1701)
- Charles Zedenno Stanley (1702-1703)
- Robert Mawdesley (1703-1713)
- Charles Zedenno Stanley (1713)
- Alexander Horne (1713-1723)
- John Lloyd (1723-1725)
- Thomas Horton (1725-1736)
- James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl (1736-1744)
- Patrick Lindsay (1744-1751)
- Basil Cochrane (1751-1761)
- John Wood (1761-1777)
- Edward Smith (1777-1793)
- John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl (1793-1828)
King of Mann
The King of Mann was the title taken between 1237 and 1504 by the various rulers, both sovereign and suzerain, over the Kingdom of Mann - from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Mann
Suzerainty of Norway (1237–1265)
The Kings of Mann and the Isles were vassals of the Kings of Norway.
- Harald Olafsson (1237–1248) < https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraldr_%C3%93l%C3%A1fsson
- Ragnald Olafsson (1249) < https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B3ghan_of_Argyll
- Harald Godredson (1249–1252)
- Magnus Olafsson (1252–1265)
Scottish and English rule (1265–1333)
Between 1265 and 1333, Mann was ruled directly by the kings of Scots (in partial distinction to this account we read: "In 1250, Eóghan tried to obtain rulership of the Isle of Man, but was expelled by the inhabitants. He then travelled to Norway, hoping for recognition as King of the Isles. This attempt was unsuccessful. By 1255, King Henry III, King of England had secured a deal for Eóghan whereby he regained Lorne and came into full Scottish allegiance."
Independent kingdom (1333–1399)
On 9 August 1333 Edward III renounced all English claims over the Isle of Man, and recognised it as an independent kingdom under its then King, William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury.
Renunciation of claim to Mann by Edward III, 1333
William le Scrope was the last King of Mann in this line, claiming descent from the House of Godred Crovan, the earlier Norse Rulers.
William le Scrope was executed for treason for his support of Richard II in his struggle with Henry Bolingbroke, who defeated Richard and became Henry IV. Le Scrope's possessions, including the Isle of Man, passed to the Crown.
- William I de Montacute (1333–1344)
- William II de Montacute (1344–1392)
- William le Scrope (1392–1399)
- English suzerainty (1399–1504)
As Henry's predecessor, Edward III, had recognised Mann as an independent kingdom, Henry IV did not directly claim the Manx throne, but instead proclaimed that he had acquired the island by right of conquest, which in international legal theory at that time erased any existing constitutional arrangements. He then on 19 October 1399 granted the Island, as a fiefdom under the English Crown, to Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland together with wide-ranging powers of government and associated regalities, together with the style of 'Lord of Man', in a position of feudality and thus without sovereignty. Despite this, Percy styled himself as 'King of Mann'.
- Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland (1399–1405)
- John I Stanley (1405–1414)
- John II Stanley (1414–1437)
- Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley (1437–1459)
- Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby (1459–1504)
Lord of Mann (1504–present)
The son of Thomas Stanley, 2nd Earl of Derby, did not take the style 'King', and he and his successors were generally known instead as 'Lord of Mann'. However, the Latin style Rex Manniae et Insularum (King of Mann and the Isles) continued to be occasionally used in official documents until at least the 17th century.
Lords of Mann led as absentees for much if not most of their tenure.
In 1765 the title was revested in the Crown of the United Kingdom; thus today the title 'Lord of Mann' is used by Queen Elizabeth II.
List of wives and consorts of the sovereign rulers of the Isle of Man.
Most of these women used other titles that their husband held rather than Queen or Lady of Mann. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Manx_consorts for more information
Queen of the Isles
- Margaret Fredkulla Ingesdotter of Sweden
- Blathmin Ua Briain
- Aufrica of Galloway
- Ingeborg Haakonsdottir
- Ragnhildis Ólafsdóttir
- Findguala of Ireland
- Christina of Ross
Queen of Mann and the Isles
- Cecilia Haakonsdottir
- Mary of Argyll
Queen of Mann
- Montagu family, 1333–1392
- Catherine Grandison
- Joan Plantagenet
- Elizabeth de Mohun
- Stanley family, 1405–1504
- Isabel Lathom
- Isabel Harington
- Joan Goushill
- Eleanor Neville
- Margaret Beaufort
Lady of Mann
- Stanley family, 1504–1651
- Anne Hastings
- Dorothy Howard
- Margaret Clifford
- Alice Spencer
- Elizabeth de Vere
- Charlotte de La Trémoille
- Fairfax family, 1651–1660
- Anne de Vere
- Stanley family, 1660–1736
- Dorothea Helena Kirkhoven
- Elizabeth Butler
- Mary Morley
- Murray family, 1736–1765
- Jane Frederick
- Jean Drummond
House of Hanover, 1765–1901
- Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Caroline of Brunswick
- Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha; renamed House of Windsor, 1901–present
- Alexandra of Denmark
- Mary of Teck
- Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
High Bailiffs of the Isle of Man
The High Bailiff (Manx: Ard-Vaylee) is a legal position held within the Isle of Man. The High Bailiff is the head stipendiary magistrate.
The current High Bailiff is His Worship John Needham, who is not Manx nor qualified in the jurisdiction, who took office on 30 January 2010 on the retirement of Mr Michael Moyle. Mr Needham was previously Clerk to the Justices. The current Deputy High Bailiff is Her Worship Jayne Hughes.
The High Bailiff and his deputy are appointed by the Council of Ministers. The High Bailiff and Deputy High Bailiff are ex officio Judicial Officers of the High Court of Justice of the Isle of Man and Coroners of Inquests.
Originally there was a High Bailiff of each of the four towns of the Island, Castletown, Ramsey, Peel and Douglas. In 1911 the offices of High Bailiff of Castletown and Douglas, and the offices of High Bailiff of Peel and Ramsey, were merged. Those offices were merged in turn in 1933 to form a single office of High Bailiff of the Isle of Man.
High Bailiffs of Castletown
- William Callow, 1777-?
- Robert Kelly, 1811-?
- John Kelly, 1832–1854
- James Gell, 1854–1866
- John Moore Jeffcott, 1866–1892
- Sir James Gell, 1892–1911
High Bailiffs of Douglas
- John Cosnahan, 1777–1808
- Norris Moore, 1808–1816
- John McHutchin, 1816–1819
- James Quirk, 1820–1841
- John Courtney Bluett, ?-1855
- Senhouse Wilson, 1855–1864
- Samuel Harris, 1864–1905
- Sir James Gell, 1905–1911
High Bailiffs of Peel
- Robert Farrant, 1777–1794
- Captain George Savage, 1794–1802
- Thomas Clark, 1802–1807
- Hugh Clucas, 1808–1817
- James Quirk, 1817–1820
- John Llewellyn, 1820–1840
- Richard Harrison, 1840–1853
- Robert John Moore, 1853–1884
- A.N. Laughton, 1884–1911
High Bailiffs of Ramsey
- John Frissell Crellin, 1777–1794
- James Wilks, 1794–1805
- Thomas Gawne, 1805–1812
- Ewan Gill, 1812–1821
- Thomas Arthur Corlett, 1821–1828
- John Caesar Gelling, 1828–1832
- Frederick Tellett, 1832–1873
- Sir Alured Dumbell, 1873–1880
- John Corlet LaMothe, 1880–1898
- James Murray Cruikshank, 1898–1911
High Bailiffs of Douglas and Castletown
- James Stowell Gell, 1911–1918
- Reginald Douglas Farrant, 1919–1925
- William Lay, 1925–1933
High Bailiffs of Ramsey and Peel
- James Murray Cruikshank, 1911–1916
- F. M. LaMothe, 1916–1921
- William Lay, 1921–1925
- William Percy Cowley, 1925–1933
High Bailiffs of the Isle of Man
- William Lay, 1933-1937
- Henry Percy Kelly, 1937-1938[3]
- Ramsey Gelling Johnson, 1938-1947
- Howard Deighton Lay, 1947-1961
- Robert Kinley Eason, 1961-1969
- Henry Callow, 1969–1988
- Weldon Williams, 1988–1995
- Andrew Williamson, 1995–2002
- Michael Moyle, 2002–2010
- John Needham, 2010–Present
Deputy High Bailiff
- unknown, 1933–1977
- Weldon Williams, 1977–1988
- Andrew Williamson, 1988–1995
- Michael Moyle, 1995–2002
- Alastair Montgomerie, 2002-2011
- Jayne Hughes, 2011–Present
References, Sources and further reading
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