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  • Puyi 溥儀, the Last Emperor of Qing Dynasty (1906 - 1967)
    Puyi 溥儀 , of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty. When he was a child, he ruled as the Xuantong Emperor (宣統帝) in China and Khe...
  • Guangxu Emperor of Qing China 清光緒帝 (1871 - 1908)
    The Guangxu Emperor , personal name Zaitian (Manchu: Dzai-Tiyan), was the eleventh emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China. His reign lasted from 1875 to 1908, but in...
  • Tongzhi Emperor of Qing China 清同治帝 (1856 - 1875)
    Tsai-ch'un 載淳, Apr. 27, 1856-1875, Jan. 12, the eighth Emperor of the Ch'ing Dynasty, who ruled under the reign-title, T'ung-chih 同治 (1862-75), was the only son of Emperor Wên-tsung (see under I-chu). ...
  • Xianfeng Emperor of Qing China 清咸豐帝 (1831 - 1861)
    I-chu 奕詝, July 17, 1831-1861, Aug. 22, was the seventh emperor of the Ch'ing Dynasty who ruled under the reign-title Hsien-fêng 咸豐 (1851-62). He was the fourth son of Emperor Hsüan-tsung (see under Min...
  • Daoguang Emperor of Qing China 清道光帝 (1782 - 1850)
    Min-ning 旻寧 (original ming Mien-ning 綿寧, Sept. 16, 1782-1850, Feb. 25, was the sixth emperor of the Ch'ing dynasty, who ruled for thirty years under the reign-title, Tao-kuang 道光 (1821-51). He was the ...

The House of Aisin Gioro 愛新覺羅 (or 愛辛覺羅), the reigning family of All Under Heaven (modern China + Mongolia, with Korean, Ryukyu, etc. among its tributary states) from 1644 to 1911 (清 Qing Dynasty), has one of the most extended Genealogy Records (perhaps second only to Confucius' family) that fill up 8 large volumes in its 1936 edition. Collaboration is crucial, and coordination is needed.

Chinese names should be provided, in traditional characters, as well as the (romanized) Manchu/Mongolian names if known. It's open to discussion what display names should be. A tentative scheme is given below.

Reigning as a far minority over a vast empire, the Manchu imperial clan sought to consolidate their power through intermarriage with other powerful Manchu families. As a result, almost all important figures of the Qing period (registered under the Banner system) are related to the Aisin Gioro clan, often by more than one path.

A broader project would include all men under the Banner system (八旗), which consists of eight Manchu Banners, eight Chinese Banners, and eight Mongolian Banners. The division was not strictly ethnic, and there were even some, albeit very few, Koreans and Russians.

Dates of birth and death are only given in terms of the corresponding Western year, with precise Chinese dates in the Timeline descriptions, until Geni is able to handle calendar conversions.

Reference

  • 《愛新覺羅宗譜》, last update in 1936
  • Hummel, ed., Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period 清代名人傳略, 1943

世袭罔替

The Manchus modeled their hereditary system on that of the Chinese, the Ming in particular, in which princedoms were bestowed to almost all sons of Emperors, and inherited indefinitely. Given that all Emperors (and their sons) had multiple concubines in addition to the Empress, the number of royalties with titles would grow exponentially, causing serious problems later in the dynasty. Recognizing that, the Manchus adopted a different system: the titles of princedom should degrade by one rank when passed down to (one member of) the next generation, until it reached the 5th or 6th rank.

  1. 和碩親王 hošoi cinwang
  2. 多羅郡王 doroi junwang
  3. 多羅貝勒 doroi beile
  4. 固山貝子 gusai beise
  5. 奉恩鎮國公
  6. 奉恩輔國公

The exceptions were granted to eight princes who had distinguished themselves in the founding of the Manchu Empire; their hereditary titles would pass down without degrade, known as 世袭罔替, and their lineages remained prominent until throughout the dynasty.

One more princedom "in perpetuity" was granted in mid-Qing, and three more in late Qing. These 12 princedoms are listed below, to help navigate through the vast web of the Aision Gioro clan.

  • (full) title: First Holder ---> Last Holder (as of 1911)
  1. 和碩禮親王: Daišan 代善 ---> 世鐸
  2. 和碩睿親王: Dorgon [Aisin Gioro]
  3. 和碩豫親王: Dodo [Aisin Gioro]
  4. 和碩肅親王: Haoge [Aisin Gioro]
  5. 和碩鄭親王: Jirgalang 濟爾哈朗, 1st Prince Zheng ---> 照煦
  6. 和碩莊親王: 碩塞 (霓菴) ---> 載功
  7. 多羅順承郡王: Lekedehun 勒克德渾 ---> Nelehe 訥勒赫
  8. 多羅克勤郡王: Yoto [Aisin Gioro]