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Art Nouveau is an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that was most popular during 1890–1910. English uses the French name "Art Nouveau" ("new art"), but the style has many different names in other countries. A reaction to academic art of the 19th century, it was inspired by natural forms and structures, not only in flowers and plants, but also in curved lines. Architects tried to harmonize with the natural environment.
Art Nouveau is considered a "total" art style, embracing architecture, graphic art, interior design, and most of the decorative arts including jewellery, furniture, textiles, household silver and other utensils and lighting, as well as the fine arts. According to the philosophy of the style, art should be a way of life. For many well-off Europeans, it was possible to live in an art nouveau-inspired house with art nouveau furniture, silverware, fabrics, ceramics including tableware, jewellery, cigarette cases, etc. Artists desired to combine the fine arts and applied arts, even for utilitarian objects.
Architects
- Émile André (1871–1933)
- Gavriil Baranovsky (1860–1920)
- Ernesto Basile (1857–1932)
- Vjekoslav Bastl (1872–1947)
- Peter Behrens (1868–1940)
- Ferdinand Boberg (1860–1946)
- Wilhelm Bockslaff (1858–1945)
- Gustave Serrurier-Bovy (1858–1910)
- Raimondo Tommaso D'Aronco (1857–1932)
- Lluís Domènech i Montaner (1850–1923)
- Mikhail Eisenstein (1867–1921)
- August Endel (1871–1925)
- Max Fabiani (1865–1962)
- Eugène Gaillard (1862–1933)
- Antoni Gaudí (1852–1926)
- Vladislav Gorodetsky (1863–1930)
- Hector Guimard (1867–1942)
- Paul Hankar (1859–1901)
- Josef Hoffmann (1870–1956)
- Victor Horta (1861–1947)
- Lev Kekushev (1862–1919)
- Ciril Metod Koch (1867–1925)
- Károly Kós (1883–1977)
- Béla Lajta (1873–1920)
- Ödön Lechner (1845–1914)
- Jules Lavirotte (1864–1924)
- Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868–1928)
- Ede Magyar (1877–1912)
- Rafael Masó (1880–1935)
- Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962)
- Gyula Pártos (1845–1916)
- Marian Peretiatkovich (1872–1916)
- Jože Plečnik (1872–1957)
- Osvald Polívka (1859–1931)
- Zsigmond Quittner (1859–1918)
- Eliel Saarinen (1873–1950)
- Fyodor Schechtel (1859–1926)
- László Székely (1877–1934)
- Gustave Strauven (1878–1919)
- Louis Sullivan (1856–1924)
- Eugène Vallin (1856–1922)
- Henry Van de Velde (1863–1957)
- Ivan Vurnik (1884–1971)
- Otto Wagner (1841–1918)
- William Walcot (1874–1943)
- Lucien Weissenburger (1860–1929)
Art, Drawing, and Graphics
- Aubrey Beardsley (1872–1898)
- František Bílek (1872–1941)
- Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin (1876–1942)
- Walter Crane (1845–1915)
- Jules Chéret (1836–1932)
- Hans Christiansen (1866–1945)
- Eugène Gaillard (1862–1933)
- Eugène Grasset (1845–1917)
- Gustav Klimt (1862–1918)
- E. M. Lilien (1874–1925)
- Józef Mehoffer (1869–1946)
- Alphonse Mucha (1860–1939)
- Paul Philippe (1870–1930)
- Erwin Puchinger (1876–1944)
- József Rippl-Rónai (1861–1927)
- Valentin Serov (1865–1911)
- Konstantin Somov (1869–1939)
- Margaret MacDonald (1865–1933)
- Virginia Frances Sterret (1900–1931)
- Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864–1901)
- Théophile Steinlen (1859–1923)
- Henri Privat-Livemont (1861–1936)
- Janos Vaszary (1867–1939)
- Aleardo Terzi (1870–1943)
- Hans Unger (1872–1936)
- Stanisław Wyspiański (1869–1907)
- Eliseu Visconti (1866–1944)
- Gerda Wegener (1886–1940)
Ceramists
- Ernest Chaplet (1835–1909)
- Adrien-Pierre Dalpayrat (1844–1910)
- Albert Dammouse (1848–1926)
- Taxile Doat (1851–1939)
- Edmond Lachenal (1855–1948)
- Artus Van Briggle (1869–1904)
- Vilmos Zsolnay (1828–1900)
Collectors and Dealers
- Siegfried Bing (1838–1905)
- Karl Ernst Osthaus (1874–1921)
Furniture Designers
- Carlo Bugatti (1856–1940)
- Eugène Gaillard (1862–1933)
- Louis Majorelle (1859–1926)
Glassware and Stained Glass Designers
- Auguste Daum (1853–1909)
- Antonin Daum (1864–1930)
- Émile Gallé (1846–1904)
- René Lalique (1860–1945)
- Koloman Moser (1868–1918)
- Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848–1933)
Other Decorative Artists
- Charles Robert Ashbee (1863–1942)
- Will H. Bradley (1868–1962)
- Georges de Feure (1868–1943)
- Archibald Knox (1864–1933)
- Hermann Obrist (1863–1927)
- François-Raoul Larche (1860–1912)