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In the mid-1800s Kashubians migrated for economic reasons. After the Franco-Prussian War and the unification of Germany under Bismarck, Kashubians were met with institutionalized hostility. Life was very harsh for the Kashubs. It was illegal to use Polish or Kashubian in public, especially in church. Many priests were imprisoned or exiled. Churches were left with no parish priests. As a result,...
Of Major Significance ===== The Polish resistance movement in World War II, with the Polish Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance in all of Nazi-occupied Europe. === The Polish Underground State comprises the underground resistance organisations in Poland during WWII, military and civilian. It was one of the largest in the world andinxlided structures such as educat...
The purpose of this project is to remember & honor the service and sacrifices of those ethnic Poles who served on the side of the Allied military alliance during World War I. Allied Power Nations - Russia & France were forced into war, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on 28 July, 1914. Day's later, Britain's ultimatum to Germany was rejected, with the invasion of Belgium on 4 August...
The Poles of New Amsterdam (now new York City) were considered a distinct asset to colonial life. Governor Peter Stuyvesant made every effort to induce them to settle in New Netherland so that they might help in farming and assist in the defense of the colony against the English. Many Polish educators were also invited to the colony. Dr. Alexander Kurcyush, known in American history as Dr. Ale...
The complete path on the YFull tree is: A0-T > A1 > A1b > BT > CT > CF > F > GHIJK > HIJK > IJK > IJ > I > I1 > I-DF29 > I-Z2336 > I-Y3866 > I-S4767 > I-S7642 > I-Y6340 > I-Y6351 > I-Y6343 > I-Y18103 Path [ ]The I1-Y18103 branch of the North European haplogroup I1, which from about 1000 years occurs mainly on the Southern coast of the Baltic Sea. It is called the I1-Vistula branch, because most...