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Countries of Europe and their rulers

Project Tags

Top Surnames

Arpad, Árpád, Broz, Capeto and 16 others
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Profiles

  •
    Emmanuel Macron, 25° Président de la République Française
    Emmanuel Macron is a French politician, senior civil servant, former investment banker, and President-elect of France.Born in Amiens, he studied philosophy at Paris Nanterre University, completed a mas...
  • Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres, Presidente del Consejo de Ministros (1877 - 1949)
    Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres (Priego de Córdoba, 6 de julio de 1877 – Buenos Aires, 18 de febrero de 1949) fue un jurista y político español, primer presidente de la Segunda República Española.Índice ...
  • Alfonso VII the Emperor, King of Castile and Leon (1105 - 1157)
    Alfonso VII el Emperador (Caldas de Reyes, 1 de marzo de 1105 - Paraje de La Fresneda, 21 de agosto de 1157). Rey de León y Castilla. Hijo de la reina Urraca I de León y del conde Raimundo de B...
  • Josip Broz Tito (1892 - 1980)
    1st President for life of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, In office 14 January 1953 – 4 May 1980* 1st Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement, In office 1 September 1961 – 5 October 196...
  • King Carlo I of Tavolara (1845 - 1928)
    King of Tavolara: 1886 - 1927 Predecessor: Paolo I Successor: Mariangela Son of Paolo I and Pasqua Favale, born 1845. In the summer of 1900 the British naval vessel HMS Vulcan visited Tavolara, an...

The purpose of this project is to present all countries of Europe, existing as past, and theire rulers. The people will be presented in subprojects.

This project and Noble houses of Europe should (in the very end) cover all the rulers of Europe seen from the side of one the countries, and two the ruling families.

I hope many of you will join the work. - There is a long long way to the end!! Maybe its another "never ending story. Take a look at your own country and assist!!

BTW does anyone have a good idea how to present The Holy Roman Empire, and its "countries"? Your help would be more than welcome!!

Günther email: gk@kipp.dk

Alfabetic list of Existing Countries

Albania

  • Principality of Arbër 1190-1255 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Albania 1272-1368 Wikipedia
  • Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto 1358-1374 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Valona and Kanina 1332-1417 Wikipedia
  • Despotate of Arta1358-1416 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Gjirokastër 1386-1434 Wikipedia
  • Muzakaj Principality of Berat 1335-1444 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Kastrioti 1389-1444 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Dukagjini 1387-1444 Wikipedia
  • Princedom of Albania1368-1444 Wikipedia
  • State of Arianiti 1432-1444 Wikipedia
  • Union of all Albanian Principalities(League of Lezha) 1444-1479 Wikipedia
  • Albanian Vilayet (Ottoman Empire) 1481-1912 Wikipedia
  • Provisional Government of Albania 1912-1914 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Albania 1914-1925 Wikipedia
  • Albanian Republic 1925-1928 Wikipedia
  • Albanian Kingdom 1928-1939 Wikipedia
  • Albanian Kingdom (Kingdom of Italy) 1939-1943 Wikipedia
  • The Albanian Kingdom(German Nazi) 1943-1944 Wikipedia
  • Socialist People's Republic of Albania 1946-1992 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Albania 1992-Present Wikipedia

Andorra

  • Coregency, Co-Principality 1278-present Wikipedia

Armenia

Austria

  • Margrave of Austria (Bavaria HRE) 976-1156 Wikipedia
  • Duchy of Styria(HRE until 1806) 1180-1918 Wikipedia
  • (Arch-)Duchy of Austria(HRE until 1806) 1156-1918 Wikipedia
  • First republic of Austria 1919-1934 Wikipedia
  • Federal State of Austria(Italy) 1934-1938 Wikipedia
  • German annexation(Nazi) 1938-1945 Wikipedia
  • Second Republic 1945 - Present

Azerbaijan

Belarus

  • Kievan Rus' 882-1199 Wikipedia
  • The Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia1199-1349 Wikipedia'
  • Golden Horde(Mongolian) 1349-1502 Wikipedia
  • Grand Duchy of Lithuania -1569 Wikipedia
  • Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569-1795 Wikipedia
  • Russian Empire 1795-1918 Wikipedia
  • Belarusian People's Republic 1918-1919 Wikipedia
  • Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus (USSR) 1919-1990 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Belarus 1990-Present Wikipedia

Belgium

Bosnia and Herzegovina

  • Kingdom of Bosnia 1377-1463 Wikipedia
  • Ottoman Rule 1463-1878
  • Herzegovina Eyalet 1462-1851 Wikpedia
  • Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire 1520-1864 Wikipedia
  • Bosnia Vilayet 1864-1913 Wikipedia
  • Austro-Hungarian condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878-1918 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918-1941 Wikipedia
  • Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republic of Yugoslavia) 1941-1992 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992-Present Wikipedia

Bulgaria

  • First Bulgarian Empire 681-1018 Wikipedia
  • Byzantine Empire 1018-1185 wikipedia
  • Second Bulgarian Empire 1185-1396 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Karvuna 1320-1444 Wikipedia
  • Eyalet of Ottoman Empire 1365-1878
  • Republic of Tamrash 1878-1886 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Bulgaria 1878-1908 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Bulgaria 1908-1946 Wikipedia
  • People's Republic of Bulgaria 1946-1990 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Bulgaria 1990-Present Wikipedia

Croatia

  • Kingdom of Croatia 925-1102 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Croatia(In personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary) 1102-1527 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg Monarchy) 1527-1804 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Slavonia(Austria) 1744-1868 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Croatia (Austrian ) 1804-1878
  • Kingdom of Illyria (Austrian) 1816-1849 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (Austrian Empire) 1868-1918 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Dalmatia(Austrian Empire) 1815-1918 Wikipedia
  • State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 1918 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918-1943 Wikipedia
  • Independent State of Croatia 1941-1945 Wikipedia
  • Socialist Republic of Croatia(Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) 1946-1990 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Croatia 1990-Present Wikipedia

Cyprus

  • Byzantine Empire 958-1191 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Cyprus(Crusades—Lusignan Period) 1191-1489 Wikipedia
  • Venetian Period 1489-1571
  • Byzantian Empire 1571-1878 Wikipedia
  • Cyprus as a Protectorate (United Kingdom) 1878-1914 Wikipedia
  • Crown Colony 1925-1960 Wikipedia
  • The Republic of Cyprus 1960-Present Wikipedia

Czech Republic

  • Lands of the Bohemian Crown(HRE until 1806 then Austria) 1198-1918 Wikipedia
  • First Czechoslovak Republic 1918-1938 Wikipedia
  • Second Czechoslovak Republic(Naxi German) 1938-1945 Wikipedia
  • Third Czechoslovak Republic 1945-1948 Wikipedia
  • Peoples Republic of Czechoslovakia 1948-1989 Wikipedia
  • Fourth Czechoslovak Republic 1989-1993 Wikipedia
  • Czech Republic '1993-Present Wikipedia

Denmark

Estonia

  • Terra Mariana la Livonia 1207 1561 Wikipedia
  • Duchy of Estonia (Danish rules) 1219–1346 Wikipedi
  • State of the Teutonic Order 1224-1525 Wikipedia
  • Swedish Estonia Duchy of Estonia 1561 1721 Wikipedia
  • Governorate of Estonia ( Russian Empire) 1721-1918 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Estonia 1918-1940 Wikipedia
  • Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic 1940-1941 Wikipedia
  • German Occupation (German nazi) 1941-1944 Wikipedia
  • Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR) 1944-1991 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Estonia 1991-Present Wikipedia

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Greece

Hungary -Magyarország-

  • Principality of Hungary 894/5-1000 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Hungary 1000-1918 and 1920-1946 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Hungary 896-1526 Wikipedia
  • Royal Hungary(Northern Part - Habsburg) 1526-1699 Wikipedia
  • Transsylvania(Eastern Part) 1526-1699 Wikipedia
  • Ottoman Hungary(Southern Part) 1526-1699 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Hungary 1700-1867 Wikipedia
  • Austro-Hungarian Empire 1867-1918 Wikipedia
  • Hungarian Democratic Republic 1918-1919 Wikipedia
  • Hungarian Soviet Republic 1919 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Hungary 1920–1946 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Hungary 1946–1949 Wikipedia
  • People's Republic of Hungary 1949-1999 Wikipedia
  • Third Hungarian Republic 1989-present Wikipedia

Iceland

Ireland

  • Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland 800-1166 Wikipedia
  • Norman invasion and occupation of Ireland(English] 1166-1541 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Ireland 1541-1651 Wikipedia
  • 1651–1659 : Commonwealth 1651-1659 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Ireland 1659-1800 Wikipedia
  • United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1922 Wikipedia
  • Irish Free State 1922-1937 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Ireland 1937-Present Wikipedia

Italy

  • Kingdom of Italy (HRE) 962–1648 Wikipedia
  • Historic states of Italy -1861 Wikipedia
  • Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy 1805–1814
  • Kingdom of Italy 1861-1946 Wikipedia
  • Italian Republic 1946-Present Wikipedia

Kazakhstan

  • Kazakh Khanate 1456–1731 Wikipedia
  • Kazakhstan in the Russian Empire 1731-1918 Wikipedia
  • Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic(USSR) 1918-1991 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Kazakhstan 1991-Present Wikipedia

Latvia

  • Archbishopric of Riga 1186-1561 Wikipedia
  • Bishopric of Courland 1234-1562 Wikipedia
  • Duchy of Courland and Semigallia 1562-1795 Wikipedia
  • Courland Governorate(Russian Empire) 1795-1918 Wikipedia
  • Ober Ost(GermanEmpire) 1914-1919 Wikipedia
  • Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic(SFSR) 1918-1920 Wikipedia
  • Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic(USSR) 1920-1990 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Latvia 1990-Present Wikipedia

Liechtenstein

  • Fürstentum Liechtenstein 1608-Present Wikipedia

Lithuania

  • Grand Duchy of Lithuania, -1569 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1569 - 1795 Wikipedia
  • Governorate of Vilnius, Kaunas, Suvalkai, Gardinas(Russian Empire) 1795-1915 Wikipedia
  • Lithuania District Ober Ost(German Empire) 1915-1918 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Lithuania(German Empire) 1918 Wikipedia
  • First Republic of Lithuania 1918-1940
  • Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic(USSR) 1940-1941
  • German Occupation (German nazi) 1941-1944
  • Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR) 1944-1991 Wikipedia
  • Second Republic of Lithuania 1991-Present Wikipedia

Luxembourg

Macedonia

  • Kingdom of Macedonia 808-146 BC / Wikipedia
  • Roman Empire 148-
  • Ottoman Empire 1392-1912 Wikipedia
  • Vardar Banovina (Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1929-1941 Wikipedia
  • Socialist Republic of Macedonia(Yugoslavia) 1944-1991 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Macedonia 1991-Present Wikipedia

Malta

Moldova

  • Principality of Moldavia(Ottoman Empire from 1514) 1346–1859
  • United Principalities of Romania 1862–1881 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Romania 1881-1940 Wikipedia
  • Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic(USSR) 1940-1991 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Moldova 1991-Present Wikipedia

Monaco

  • Principality of Monaco 1297 - Present

Montenegro

  • Lordship of Zeta 1360-1421 Wikipedia
  • Sanjak of Montenegro - 1528 Wikipedia
  • Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro 1516 - 1852 Wikipedia
  • Principality of Montenegro 1852 - 1910 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Montenegro 1910 - 1918 Wikipedia
  • Zeta Oblast 1918 - 1929 Wikipedia
  • Zeta Banovina 1929 - 1941 Wikipedia
  • Independent State of Montenegro 1941 - 1944 [Protectorate of the Kingdom of Italy (1941–1943) Client state of Nazi Germany (1943–1944)]
  • Socialist Republic of Montenegro 1944 - 1992 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Montenegro (federal) 1992 - 2006 Wikipedia
  • Montenegro 2006 - present

Netherlands

  • Frisian Kingdom 600-734 Wikipedia
  • French Empire] 734 - 880 Wikipedia
  • County of Holland 880 - 1795 Wikipedia
  • Burgundian Netherlands 1384 - 1482 Wikipedia
  • The Seventeen Provinces 1482 - 1581 (Holy Roman Empire) Wikipedia
  • Republic of the Seven Provinces] 1581 - 1795 Wikipedia
  • Batavian Republic 1795 - 1806 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Holland] 1806 - 1810 Wikipedia
  • Annected by First French Empire 1810 - 1815 Wikipedia
  • United Kingdom of the Netherlands] 1815 - 1839 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of the Netherlands] 1839 - present Wikipedia

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

  • Principality of Moldavia 1346 - 1859 (Vassal of the Ottoman Empire (1514-1859)) Wikipedia
  • Principality of Transylvania 1570 - 1711 Wikipedia
  • Romanian United Principalities 1859 - 1881 (Austrian Empire) Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Romania 1881 - 1947 Wikipedia
  • Communist Romania 1947 - 1989 Wikipedia
  • Romania 1989 - present Wikipedia

Russia

San Marino

  • Republic of San Marino 301 - present Wikipedia

Serbia

  • Habsburg Monarchy 1526 - 1804 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Serbia 1718 - 1739 (Austrian Empire) Wikipedia
  • Principality of Serbia 1804 - 1882 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Serbia 1882 - 1918 Wikipedia
  • Danube Banovina 1929 - 1941 (banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918 - 1943 Wikipedia
  • Socialist Republic of Serbia 1946 - 1990 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Serbia 1990 - 2006 (A federal unit of SFR Yugoslavia (1990-1992) Wikipedia
  • Serbia and Montenegro 1992-2006 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Serbia 2006 - present Wikipedia

Slovakia

  • First Czechoslovak Republic 1918 - 1939 Wikipedia
  • Slovak Republic 1939–1945 (Nazi German) Wikipedia
  • Czechoslovak Socialist Republic 1960 - 1989 Wikipedia
  • Czech and Slovak Federal Republic 1990 - 1992 Wikipedia
  • Slovak Republic 1992 - present Wikipedia

Slovenia

  • State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 1918 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 1918-1929 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1929-1945 Wikipedia
  • Socialist Republic of Slovenia (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) 1945-1991 Wikipedia
  • Republic of Slovenia 1991-Present Wikipedia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

Ukraine

  • Kievan Rus' 882 - c1300 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia 1199 - 1349 Wikipedia
  • Grand Duchy of Lithuania c 1200 - 1569 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1599 - 1795 Wikipedia
  • Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1772 - 1917 (Austrian Empire)
  • Ukrainian People's Republic 1917 - 1921 Wikipedia
  • Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 1919 - 1991 Wikipedia
  • Ukraine 1991 - present Wikipedia

United Kingdom

Vatican City

  • States of the Church(Papal state) 754 - 1870 Wikipedia
  • States of the Church(Rome) 1870 - 1929 Wikipedia
  • Vatican City State 1929 - Present Wikipedia
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