Forefathers of Medical Treatments through the Ages

Photo: Hippocrates, engraving by Peter Paul Rubens, 1638. from Wikipedia, Courtesy of the National Library of Medicine.

Please add ONLY profiles of physicians and "healers" with significant contribution to medicine through the ages.

This project is NOT intended to become a list of physicians of ones country. For such purpose - other more specific projects could be created.

Physicians & Medicine:

• Physician
• Medicine
• On Ancient medicine, a collection of ancient Greek medical texts attributed to Hippocrates and written probably in the late 5th century BC
• Pharmaceutical drug
• Hippocratic Oath

Profiles:

Selected physicians by activity period:

Profile links in bold are to Geni Profiles.

BCE====

• Imhotep (2650 BCE – 2600 BCE) Considered to be the first architect, and engineer, and physician in early history.
• Suśruta सुश्रुत (sʊʃɾʊt̪) ( lived ca. 600 BCE). He is an ancient Indian surgeon and is the author of the book Suśruta Saṃhitā, in which he describes over 300 surgical procedures, 120 surgical instruments and classifies human surgery in eight categories.
• Hippocrates (460 BCE – 370 BCE). He is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. He is referred to as the father of Western medicine in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field as the founder of the Hippocratic School of medicine.

0 - 1000====

• Pedanius Dioscorides Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης (c.40 — c.90) was a Greek physician, pharmacologist and botanist, the author of De Materia Medica — a 5-volume encyclopedia about herbal medicine and related medicinal substances (a pharmacopeia), that was widely read for more than 1,500 years.

1000 - 1500====

• Moses Maimonides; משה בן מימון - הרמב"ם ; موسى ابن ميمون ; Mūsā ibn Maymūn (c. 1138 – 1204) was the preeminent medieval Jewish philosopher and one of the greatest Torah scholars of the Middle Ages. He worked as a the Khalif's physician and served as a rabbi and philosopher in Spain, Morocco and Egypt.
• Mondino de Luzzi (ca. 1270 – 1326), or Mundinus, was an Italian physician, anatomist, and professor of surgery from Bologna. He is often credited as the “restorer of anatomy”.
• Guy de Chauliac (ca. 1300 – 25 July 1368) was a French physician and surgeon who wrote an influential treatise on surgery in Latin, titled Chirurgia Magna. It was widely read by physicians in late medieval Europe. He was named "father of Surgery".
• Girolamo Fracastoro (1478 – 1553) was a prominent Italian physician, poet and scholar in astronomy, mathematics and geography. He propagated the philosophy of atomism and firmly declined appeals to hidden causes in scientific examination. First described syphilis and typhus.

XVI century====

• Paracelsus (Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), (11 Nov. or 17 Dec. 1493 – 24 Sep. 1541) German-Swiss Renaissance physician, botanist, alchemist, astrologer, and general occultist.
• John Clement (1500 – 1572) Fellow, Consiliarius and President of the College of Physicians.
• Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) Flemish anatomist and physician, considered the founder of modern human anatomy.
• Amatus Lusitanus (1511 - 1568) Portuguese Jewish Physician who is said to have discovered the function of the valves in the circulation of the blood. Noted surgeon, prolific author and scholar of logic, mathematics, philosophy.

XVII century====

• William Harvey (Apr. 1, 1578 – Jun. 3, 1657) English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart.

XVIII century====

• Eduard Jenner (May 17, 1749 – Jan. 26, 1823) English physician and scientist who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called "the father of immunology", and his work is said to have "saved more lives than the work of any other man".
• Michael Skjelderup (1769-1852) First professor of medicine in Norway.

XIX century====

• René Laennec; (1781 – 1826) French physician. He invented the stethoscope in 1816, while working at the Hôpital Necker and pioneered its use in diagnosing various chest conditions.
• Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) — founder of psychoanalysis
• Joseph Lister (1827–1912) — pioneer of antiseptic surgery
• Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases.
• Armauer Hansen (1841-1912) was a Norwegian physician, remembered for his identification of the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae in 1873 as the causative agent of leprosy. , wikipedia
• Richard Hughes (1836-1902) the ‘Grand Old Man’ of British homeopathy.
• Robert Koch, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 (1843-1910) German physician, considered one of the founders of microbiology.
• Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - Ива́н Петро́вич Па́влов (1849 – 1936) a famous Russian physiologist, Nobel Laureate in Medicine in 1904 "in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged"
• Surgeon-Captain Matthew Louis Hughes was one of the earliest experts in Army hygiene. He had made a special study of the prevention of disease (especially Malta fever) and the control of epidemics.

XX century====

• Sir Alexander Fleming, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 (1881 - 1955) Father of antibiotic drugs, a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. His best-known discoveries are the discovery of the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the mold Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Florey and Sir Ernst Chain.
• Christiaan Neethling Barnard (1922-2001) performed the world's first human heart transplant operation in 1967 and the first double-heart transplant in 1974.
• Karl Landsteiner, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1930 (1868 - 1943), father of blood transfusion.
• Willem Johan "Pim" Kolff (February 14, 1911 – February 11, 2009) Duch & American physician pioneer of hemodialysis, considered to be the Father of Artificial Organs, and is regarded as one of the most important physicians of the 20th century.

Other projects on Geni about medicine:

• Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Prominent Scientists: (ii) Medicine & Life Sciences project

• Jewish Court Physicians in the Mamluk Sultanate 8th/14th Century